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| Introduction to Optical Communications | |
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| Brief History | |
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| Generic Optical System | |
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| Design Challenges | |
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| State of the Art | |
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| Basic Concepts | |
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| Properties of Random Binary Data | |
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| Generation of Random Data | |
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| Data Formats | |
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| NRZ and RZ Data | |
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| 8B/10B Coding | |
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| Effect of Bandwidth Limitation on Random Data | |
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| Effect of Low-Pass Filtering | |
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| Eye Diagrams | |
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| Effect of High-Pass Filtering | |
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| Effect of Noise on Random Data | |
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| Phase Noise and Jitter | |
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| Phase Noise | |
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| Jitter | |
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| Relationship Between Phase Noise and Jitter | |
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| Jitter Due to Additive Noise | |
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| Transmission Lines | |
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| Ideal Transmission Lines | |
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| Lossy Transmission Lines | |
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| Optical Devices | |
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| Laser Diodes | |
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| Operation of Lasers | |
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| Types of Lasers | |
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| Properties of Lasers | |
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| External Modulation | |
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| Optical Fibers | |
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| Fiber Loss | |
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| Fiber Dispersion | |
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| Photodiodes | |
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| Responsivity and Efficiency | |
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| PIN Diodes | |
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| Avalanche Photodiodes | |
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| Optical Systems | |
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| Transimpedance Amplifiers | |
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| General Considerations | |
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| TIA Performance Parameters | |
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| SNR Calculations | |
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| Noise Bandwidth | |
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| Open-Loop TIAs | |
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| Low-Frequency Behavior | |
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| High-Frequency Behavior | |
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| Feedback TIAs | |
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| First-Order TIA | |
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| Second-Order TIA | |
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| Supply Rejection | |
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| Differential TIAs | |
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| High-Performance Techniques | |
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| Gain Boosting | |
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| Capacitive Coupling | |
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| Feedback TIAs | |
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| Inductive Peaking | |
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| Automatic Gain Control | |
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| Case Studies | |
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| Limiting Amplifiers and Output Buffers | |
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| General Considerations | |
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| Performance Parameters | |
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| Cascaded Gain Stages | |
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| AM/PM Conversion | |
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| Broadband Techniques | |
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| Inductive Peaking | |
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| Capacitive Degeneration | |
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| Cherry-Hooper Amplifier | |
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| f[subscript T] Doublers | |
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| Output Buffers | |
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| Differential Signaling | |
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| Double Termination | |
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| Predriver Design | |
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| Distributed Amplification | |
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| Monolithic Transmission Lines | |
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| Distributed Amplifiers | |
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| Distributed Amplifiers with Lumped Devices | |
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| Oscillator Fundamentals | |
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| General Considerations | |
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| Ring Oscillators | |
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| LC Oscillators | |
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| Crossed-Coupled Oscillator | |
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| Colpitts Oscillator | |
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| One-Port Oscillators | |
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| Voltage-Controlled Oscillators | |
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| Tuning in Ring Oscillators | |
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| Tuning in LC Oscillators | |
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| Mathematical Model of VCOs | |
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| LC Oscillators | |
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| Monolithic Inductors | |
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| Loss Mechanisms | |
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| Inductor Modeling | |
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| Inductor Design Guidelines | |
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| Monolithic Varactors | |
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| Basic LC Oscillators | |
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| Differential Control | |
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| Design Procedure | |
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| Quadrature Oscillators | |
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| In-Phase Coupling | |
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| Antiphase Coupling | |
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| Distributed Oscillators | |
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| Phase-Locked Loops | |
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| Simple PLL | |
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| Phase Detector | |
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| Basic PLL Topology | |
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| Dynamics of Simple PLL | |
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| Charge-Pump PLLs | |
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| Problem of Lock Acquisition | |
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| Phase/Frequency Detector and Charge Pump | |
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| Basic Charge-Pump PLL | |
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| Nonideal Effects in PLLs | |
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| PFD/CP Nonidealities | |
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| Jitter in PLLs | |
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| Delay-Locked Loops | |
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| Applications | |
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| Frequency Multiplication and Synthesis | |
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| Skew Reduction | |
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| Jitter Reduction | |
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| Clock and Data Recovery | |
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| General Considerations | |
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| Phase Detectors for Random Data | |
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| Hogge Phase Detector | |
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| Alexander Phase Detector | |
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| Half-Rate Phase Detectors | |
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| Frequency Detectors for Random Data | |
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| CDR Architectures | |
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| Full-Rate Referenceless Architecture | |
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| Dual-VCO Architecture | |
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| Dual-Loop Architecture with External Reference | |
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| Jitter in CDR Circuits | |
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| Jitter Transfer | |
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| Jitter Generation | |
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| Jitter Tolerance | |
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| Multiplexers and Laser Drivers | |
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| Multiplexers | |
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| 2-to-1 MUX | |
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| MUX Architectures | |
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| Frequency Dividers | |
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| Flipflop Dividers | |
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| Miller Divider | |
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| Laser and Modulator Drivers | |
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| Performance Parameters | |
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| Design Principles | |
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| Power Control | |
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| Index | |