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| Preface | |
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| Introduction to Electronics | |
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| Theory | |
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| Current | |
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| Voltage | |
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| Resistance | |
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| DC Power Sources | |
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| Two Simple Battery Sources | |
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| Electric Circuits | |
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| Ohm's Law | |
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| Circuit Reduction | |
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| Kirchhoff's Laws | |
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| Thevenin's Theorem | |
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| Sinusoidal Power Sources | |
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| Root Mean Square (rms) Voltages | |
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| Capacitors | |
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| Reactance of a Capacitor | |
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| Inductors | |
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| Reactance of an Inductor | |
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| Fundamental Potentials and Circuits | |
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| DC Sources and RC/RL/RLC Circuits | |
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| Complex Numbers | |
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| Circuits with Sinusoidal Sources | |
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| Analyzing Sinusoidal Circuits with Complex Impedances | |
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| Impedances in Series and the Voltage Divider | |
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| Impedances in Parallel and the Current Divider | |
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| Applying Kirchhoff's Laws in AC Form | |
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| Thevenin's Theorem in AC Form | |
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| Power in AC Circuits | |
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| Decibels | |
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| Resonance in LC Circuits | |
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| Resonance in RLC Circuits | |
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| Filters | |
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| Circuits with Periodic Nonsinusoidal Sources | |
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| Circuits with Nonperiodic Sources | |
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| Nonlinear Circuits and Analyzing Circuits by Intuition | |
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| Basic Electronic Circuit Components | |
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| Wires, Cables, and Connectors | |
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| Wires | |
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| Cables | |
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| Connectors | |
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| Wiring and Connector Symbols | |
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| High-Frequency Effects within Wires and Cables | |
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| Batteries | |
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| How a Cell Works | |
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| Primary Batteries | |
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| Comparing Primary Batteries | |
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| Secondary Batteries | |
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| Battery Capacity | |
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| Note on Internal Voltage Drop of a Battery | |
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| Switches | |
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| How a Switch Works | |
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| Describing a Switch | |
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| Kinds of Switches | |
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| Simple Switch Applications | |
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| Relays | |
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| Specific Kinds of Relays | |
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| A Few Notes about Relays | |
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| Some Simple Relay Circuits | |
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| Resistors | |
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| How a Resistor Works | |
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| Basic Resistor Operation | |
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| Types of Fixed Resistors | |
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| Understanding Resistor Labels | |
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| Power Ratings for Resistors | |
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| Variable Resistors | |
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| Capacitors | |
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| How a Capacitor Works | |
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| A Note about I = CdV/dt | |
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| Water Analogy of a Capacitor | |
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| Basic Capacitor Functions | |
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| Kinds of Capacitors | |
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| Variable Capacitors | |
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| Reading Capacitor Labels | |
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| Important Things to Know about Capacitors | |
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| Applications | |
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| Inductors | |
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| How an Inductor Works | |
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| Basic Inductor Operation | |
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| Kinds of Coils | |
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| Transformers | |
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| Basic Operation | |
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| Special Kinds of Transformers | |
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| Applications | |
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| Real Kinds of Transformers | |
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| Fuses and Circuit Breakers | |
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| Types of Fuses and Circuit Breakers | |
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| Semiconductors | |
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| Semiconductor Technology | |
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| What Is a Semiconductor? | |
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| Applications of Silicon | |
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| Diodes | |
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| How a pn-Junction Diode Works | |
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| Diode Water Analogy | |
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| Basic Applications | |
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| Important Things to Know about Diodes | |
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| Zener Diodes | |
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| Zener Diode Water Analogy | |
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| Basic Applications for Zener Diodes | |
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| Transistors | |
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| Introduction to Transistors | |
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| Bipolar Transistors | |
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| Junction Field-Effect Transistors | |
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| Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors | |
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| Unijunction Transistors | |
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| Thyristors | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Silicon-Controlled Rectifiers | |
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| Silicon-Controlled Switches | |
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| Triacs | |
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| Four-Layer Diodes and Diacs | |
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| Optoelectronics | |
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| A Little Lecture on Photons | |
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| Lamps | |
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| Light-Emitting Diodes | |
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| How an LED Works | |
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| Kinds of LEDs | |
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| Technical Stuff about LEDs | |
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| Basic LED Operations | |
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| Photoresistors | |
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| How a Photoresistor Works | |
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| Technical Stuff | |
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| Applications | |
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| Photodiodes | |
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| How a Photodiode Works | |
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| Basic Operations | |
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| Kinds of Photodiodes | |
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| Solar Cells | |
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| Basic Operations | |
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| Phototransistors | |
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| How a Phototransistor Works | |
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| Basic Configurations | |
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| Kinds of Phototransistors | |
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| Technical Stuff | |
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| Applications | |
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| Photothyristors | |
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| How LASCRs Work | |
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| Basic Operation | |
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| Optoisolators | |
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| Integrated Optoisolators | |
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| Applications | |
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| Integrated Circuits | |
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| IC Packages | |
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| Some Basic ICs to Get You Started | |
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| Operational Amplifiers | |
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| Operational Amplifier Water Analogy | |
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| How Op Amps Work (The "Cop-Out" Explanation) | |
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| Theory | |
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| Negative Feedback | |
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| Positive Feedback | |
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| Real Kinds of Op Amps | |
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| Op Amp Specifications | |
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| Powering Op Amps | |
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| Some Practical Notes | |
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| Voltage and Current Offset Compensation | |
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| Frequency Compensation | |
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| Comparators | |
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| Comparators with Hysteresis | |
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| Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis | |
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| Noninverting Comparator with Hysteresis | |
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| Using Single-Supply Comparators | |
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| Window Comparator | |
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| Voltage-Level Indicator | |
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| Applications | |
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| Filters | |
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| Things to Know before You Start Designing Filters | |
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| Basic Filters | |
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| Passive Low-Pass Filter Design | |
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| A Note on Filter Types | |
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| Passive High-Pass Filter Design | |
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| Passive Bandpass Filter Design | |
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| Passive Notch Filter Design | |
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| Active Filter Design | |
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| Active Low-Pass Filter Example | |
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| Active High-Pass Filter Example | |
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| Active Bandpass Filters | |
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| Active Notch Filters | |
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| Integrated Filter Circuits | |
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| Oscillators and Timers | |
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| RC Relaxation Oscillators | |
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| The 555 Timer IC | |
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| How a 555 Works (Astable Operation) | |
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| Basic Astable Operation | |
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| How a 555 Works (Monostable Operation) | |
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| Basic Monostable Operation | |
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| Some Important Notes about 555 Timers | |
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| Simple 555 Applications | |
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| Voltage-Controlled Oscillators (VCOs) | |
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| Wien-Bridge and Twin-T Oscillators | |
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| LC Oscillators (Sinusoidal Oscillators) | |
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| Crystal Oscillators | |
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| Voltage Regulators and Power Supplies | |
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| Voltage-Regulator ICs | |
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| Fixed Regulator ICs | |
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| Adjustable Regulator ICs | |
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| Regulator Specifications | |
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| A Quick Look at a Few Regulator Applications | |
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| The Transformer | |
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| Rectifier Packages | |
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| A Few Simple Power Supplies | |
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| Technical Points about Ripple Reduction | |
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| Loose Ends | |
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| Switching Regulator Supplies (Switchers) | |
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| Kinds of Commercial Power Supply Packages | |
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| Power Supply Construction | |
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| Audio Electronics | |
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| A Little Lecture on Sound | |
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| Microphones | |
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| Microphone Specifications | |
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| Audio Amplifiers | |
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| Preamplifiers | |
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| Mixer Circuits | |
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| A Note on Impedance Matching | |
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| Speakers | |
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| Crossover Networks | |
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| Simple ICs Used to Drive Speakers | |
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| Audible-Signal Devices | |
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| Miscellaneous Audio Circuits | |
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| Digital Electronics | |
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| The Basics of Digital Electronics | |
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| Digital Logic States | |
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| Number Codes Used in Digital Electronics | |
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| Clock Timing and Parallel versus Serial Transmission | |
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| Logic Gates | |
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| Multiple-Input Logic Gates | |
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| Digital Logic Gate ICs | |
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| Applications for a Single Logic Gate | |
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| Combinational Logic | |
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| Keeping Circuits Simple (Karnaugh Maps) | |
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| Combinational Devices | |
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| Multiplexers (Data Selectors) and Bilateral Switches | |
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| Demultiplexers (Data Distributors) and Decoders | |
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| Encoders and Code Converters | |
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| Binary Adders | |
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| Binary Adder/Subtractor | |
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| Arithmetic/Logic Units (ALUs) | |
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| Comparators and Magnitude Comparator ICs | |
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| Parity Generator/Checker | |
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| A Note on Obsolescence and the Trend toward Microcontroller Control | |
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| Logic Families | |
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| TTL Family of ICs | |
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| CMOS Family of ICs | |
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| Input/Output Voltages and Noise Margins | |
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| Current Ratings, Fanout, and Propagation Delays | |
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| A Detailed Look at the Various TTL and CMOS Subfamilies | |
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| A Look at a Few Other Logic Series | |
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| Logic Gates with Open-Collector Outputs | |
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| Schmitt-Triggered Gates | |
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| Interfacing Logic Families | |
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| Powering and Testing Logic ICs and General Rules of Thumb | |
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| Powering Logic ICs | |
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| Power Supply Decoupling | |
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| Unused Inputs | |
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| Logic Probes and Logic Pulsers | |
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| Sequential Logic | |
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| SR Flip-Flops | |
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| SR Flip-Flop (Latch) ICs | |
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| D Flip-Flops | |
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| A Few Simple D-Type Flip-Flop Applications | |
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| Quad and Octal D Flip-Flops | |
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| JK Flip-Flops | |
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| Applications for JK Flip-Flops | |
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| Practical Timing Considerations with Flip-Flops | |
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| Digital Clock Generator and Single-Pulse Generators | |
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| Automatic Power-Up Clear (Reset) Circuits | |
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| More on Switch Debouncers | |
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| Pullup and Pulldown Resistors | |
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| Counter ICs | |
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| Asynchronous Counter (Ripple Counter) ICs | |
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| Synchronous Counter ICs | |
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| A Note on Counters with Displays | |
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| Shift Registers | |
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| Serial-In/Serial-Out Shifter Registers | |
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| Serial-In/Parallel-Out Shift Registers | |
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| Parallel-In/Serial-Out Shift Register | |
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| Ring Counter (Shift Register Sequencer) | |
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| Johnson Shift Counter | |
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| Shift Register ICs | |
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| Simple Shift Register Applications | |
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| Three-State Buffers, Latches, and Transceivers | |
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| Three-State Octal Buffers | |
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| Three-State Octal Latches and Flip-Flops | |
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| Transceivers | |
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| Additional Digital Topics | |
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| DC Motors, RC Servos, and Stepper Motors | |
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| DC Continuous Motors | |
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| Speed Control of DC Motors | |
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| Directional Control of DC Motors | |
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| RC Servos | |
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| Stepper Motors | |
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| Kinds of Stepper Motors | |
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| Driving Stepper Motors | |
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| Controlling the Driver with a Translator | |
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| A Final Word on Identifying Stepper Motors | |
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| Hands-on Electronics | |
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| Safety | |
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| Some Safety Tips | |
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| Damaging Components with Electrostatic Discharge | |
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| Handling Precautions | |
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| Constructing Circuits | |
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| Drawing a Circuit Schematic | |
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| A Note on Circuit Simulator Programs | |
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| Making a Prototype of Your Circuit | |
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| The Final Circuit | |
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| A Note about Board Layout | |
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| Special Pieces of Hardware Used in Circuit Construction | |
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| Soldering | |
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| Desoldering | |
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| Enclosing the Circuit | |
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| Useful Items to Keep Handy | |
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| Troubleshooting the Circuits You Build | |
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| Multimeters | |
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| Basic Operation | |
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| How Analog VOMs Work | |
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| How Digital Multimeters Work | |
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| A Note on Measurement Errors | |
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| Oscilloscopes | |
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| How Scopes Work | |
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| Interior Circuity of a Scope | |
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| Aiming the Beam | |
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| Scope Applications | |
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| What All the Little Knobs and Switches Do | |
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| Measuring Things with Scopes | |
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| Scope Applications | |
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| Appendices | |
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| Power Distribution and Home Wiring | |
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| Power Distribution | |
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| A Closer Look at Three-Phase Electricity | |
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| Home Wiring | |
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| Electricity in Other Countries | |
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| Electronic Symbols | |
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| Useful Facts and Formulas | |
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| Greek Alphabet | |
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| Powers of 10 Unit Prefixes | |
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| Linear Functions (y = mx + b) | |
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| Quadratic Equation (y = ax[superscript 2] + bx + c) | |
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| Exponents and Logarithms | |
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| Trigonometry | |
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| Complex Numbers | |
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| Differential Calculus | |
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| Finding Components | |
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| A Note on Injection Molding and Patents | |
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| History of Electronics Timeline | |
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| Component Data, List of Logic ICs, Foreign Semiconductor Codes | |
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| Standard Resistance Values for 5% Carbon-Film Resistors | |
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| Selection of Diodes | |
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| Selection of Zener Diodes | |
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| General Purpose Bipolar Transistors | |
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| General Purpose Power Bipolar Transistors | |
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| Selection of RF Transistors | |
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| Selection of Small-Signal JFETs | |
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| Selection of Power FETs | |
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| Selection of Op Amps | |
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| Common 4000 Series Logic ICs | |
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| Common 7000 Series Logic ICs | |
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| Semiconductor Codes | |
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| Analog/Digital Interfacing | |
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| Triggering Simple Logic Responses from Analog Signals | |
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| Using Logic to Drive External Loads | |
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| Analog Switches | |
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| Analog Multiplexer/Demultiplexer | |
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| Analog-to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog Conversion | |
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| Analog-to-Digital Converters | |
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| Displays | |
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| LED Displays | |
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| Alphanumeric LED Displays | |
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| Liquid-Crystal Displays | |
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| Memory Devices | |
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| Read-Only Memories (ROMs) | |
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| Simple ROM Made Using Diodes | |
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| Terms Used to Describe Memory Size and Organization | |
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| Simple Programmable ROM | |
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| Various Kinds of ROM Devices | |
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| Random-Access Memories (RAMs) | |
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| Microprocessors and Microcontrollers | |
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| Introduction to Microprocessors | |
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| Microcontrollers | |
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| Index | |