| What You Should Know About the GED Test | p. 1 |
| What You Should Know About the GED Test | p. 1 |
| Think Positively, Study Right | p. 6 |
| Using This Book | p. 10 |
| Twenty-Four Tips for Passing the GED Test | p. 15 |
| The Pretest | p. 18 |
| Writing Skills Pretest | p. 19 |
| Social Studies Pretest | p. 28 |
| Science Pretest | p. 37 |
| Interpreting Literature and the Arts Pretest | p. 48 |
| Mathematics Pretest | p. 55 |
| Answer Key--Pretest | p. 61 |
| Study Plan Chart for Passing the GED | p. 62 |
| Answer Explanations--Pretest | p. 65 |
| Interpreting Literature and the Arts | p. 73 |
| Overview of the GED Test of Interpreting Literature and the Arts | p. 74 |
| Popular and Classical Nonfiction | p. 83 |
| Finding the Main Idea | p. 83 |
| Inferring an Unstated Main Idea | p. 84 |
| Supporting Details | p. 85 |
| Summarizing | p. 86 |
| Word-part Clues | p. 87 |
| Context Clues | p. 88 |
| Figures of Speech | p. 89 |
| Understanding Consequences | p. 90 |
| Drawing Conclusions | p. 91 |
| Applying Ideas | p. 92 |
| Author's Style and Craft | p. 93 |
| Patterns of Details | p. 94 |
| Time Order | p. 94 |
| Comparison | p. 95 |
| Contrast | p. 96 |
| Cause-Effect | p. 97 |
| Commentary | p. 98 |
| Inferring the Main Idea | p. 98 |
| Supporting Statements | p. 99 |
| Vocabulary | p. 100 |
| Drawing Conclusions | p. 101 |
| Applying Ideas | p. 102 |
| Understanding Tone | p. 103 |
| Identifying Tone | p. 104 |
| Author's Purpose and Techniques | p. 105 |
| Popular and Classical Fiction | p. 106 |
| Plot and Sequence | p. 106 |
| Setting | p. 107 |
| Characters | p. 108 |
| Finding the Main Idea | p. 110 |
| Vocabulary Review | p. 111 |
| Figurative Language | p. 112 |
| Applying Ideas | p. 113 |
| Tone | p. 114 |
| Mood | p. 115 |
| Point of View | p. 116 |
| Popular and Classical Drama | p. 117 |
| Reading a Drama | p. 117 |
| Identifying the Topic | p. 118 |
| Plot | p. 119 |
| Setting | p. 120 |
| Characters | p. 121 |
| Applying Ideas | p. 123 |
| Mood | p. 124 |
| Popular and Classical Poetry | p. 125 |
| Reading a Poem | p. 125 |
| Grasping the Meaning | p. 126 |
| Unusual Sentence Patterns | p. 127 |
| Vocabulary | p. 128 |
| Figurative Language | p. 129 |
| Personification | p. 130 |
| Analyzing Poetic Devices | p. 131 |
| Mood | p. 132 |
| Answers--Sample Test Items | p. 133 |
| Minitests | p. 137 |
| Answers--Minitests | p. 151 |
| Writing Skills | p. 153 |
| Overview of the GED Writing Skills Test | p. 154 |
| Writing Down Your Ideas | p. 157 |
| Writing Complete Sentences | p. 157 |
| Adding Information | p. 157 |
| Revising Incomplete Sentences | p. 157 |
| Separating Run-ons | p. 158 |
| Relating Ideas | p. 159 |
| Spelling Break: Mastering Spelling | p. 160 |
| Spelling Break: Plurals | p. 161 |
| Matching Verbs with Time Words | p. 162 |
| Verb Forms | p. 163 |
| Capitalization Break: Names | p. 164 |
| Combining Verbs | p. 165 |
| Adding Dependent Information | p. 166 |
| Spelling Break: Words That Sound Alike | p. 168 |
| Spelling Break: Words Often Confused | p. 169 |
| Making Two Verbs Agree | p. 170 |
| Subject-Verb Agreement | p. 171 |
| Pronouns as Subjects | p. 172 |
| Combining Sentences | p. 173 |
| Combining Subjects | p. 174 |
| Separated Subjects and Verbs | p. 175 |
| Capitalization Break: Place Names | p. 176 |
| Or, Nor, Either/Or, Neither/Nor | p. 177 |
| Inverted Subjects and Verbs | p. 178 |
| Capitalization Break: Special Days | p. 179 |
| Spelling Break: Comparisons | p. 180 |
| Spelling Break: Adding -ly | p. 181 |
| Placing Descriptive Information | p. 182 |
| Pronoun Agreement | p. 184 |
| Pronouns That Add Information | p. 185 |
| Pronoun Consistency | p. 186 |
| Revising Awkward Sentences | p. 187 |
| Spelling Break: Silent or Confusing Letters | p. 188 |
| Spelling Break: Words with Apostrophes | p. 189 |
| Matching Forms | p. 190 |
| Commas in a Series | p. 191 |
| Capitalization Break: Names That Describe | p. 192 |
| Unclear Pronouns | p. 193 |
| Vague Pronouns | p. 194 |
| Clear Expression | p. 195 |
| Writing Your Ideas in Paragraphs | p. 197 |
| Prewriting to Get Ideas | p. 197 |
| Prewriting to Organize Ideas | p. 198 |
| Writing a First Draft | p. 198 |
| Revising | p. 200 |
| Proofreading | p. 203 |
| Practice with Paragraph Writing | p. 203 |
| Writing Your Ideas in Essays | p. 204 |
| Controlling Idea | p. 204 |
| Prewriting | p. 205 |
| Organizing | p. 206 |
| Writing the First Draft | p. 207 |
| Revising | p. 208 |
| Transitions Between Paragraphs | p. 208 |
| Details | p. 210 |
| Sentence Variety | p. 211 |
| Clear Expression | p. 212 |
| Proofreading | p. 214 |
| GED Spelling List | p. 216 |
| Answers--Sample Test Items | p. 220 |
| Minitests | p. 232 |
| Answers--Minitests | p. 244 |
| Social Studies | p. 249 |
| Overview of the GED Social Studies Test | p. 250 |
| Geography | p. 261 |
| The Earth and Its People | p. 261 |
| Maps and Globes | p. 262 |
| Climate and Natural Resources | p. 263 |
| North and South America | p. 264 |
| Europe and the Middle East | p. 265 |
| Asia and Africa | p. 266 |
| Resource Management | p. 267 |
| Preserving the World Environment | p. 268 |
| Behavioral Sciences | p. 269 |
| What Is Psychology? | p. 269 |
| Human Behavior | p. 270 |
| Principles of Learning | p. 271 |
| What Is Sociology? | p. 272 |
| Groups | p. 273 |
| Social Status | p. 274 |
| What Is Anthropology? | p. 275 |
| Racism and Stereotypes | p. 276 |
| Culture and Identity | p. 277 |
| Economics | p. 278 |
| What Is Economics? | p. 278 |
| Modern Economic Systems | p. 279 |
| Business in a Free Enterprise System | p. 280 |
| Production | p. 281 |
| Consumers | p. 282 |
| Financial Institutions | p. 283 |
| Business Cycles | p. 284 |
| Government's Role in the Economy | p. 285 |
| Labor and the Economy | p. 286 |
| Foreign Trade | p. 287 |
| Political Science | p. 288 |
| Political Systems | p. 288 |
| The U.S. Political System | p. 289 |
| The U.S. Political Process | p. 290 |
| Executive Branch | p. 291 |
| Legislative Branch | p. 292 |
| Judicial Branch | p. 294 |
| State and Local Governments | p. 295 |
| Federal Spending | p. 296 |
| Foreign Policy | p. 297 |
| U.S. History | p. 298 |
| A Time Line of U.S. History | p. 298 |
| A New World/A New Nation | p. 299 |
| Growth and Change | p. 300 |
| Conflict Between North and South | p. 302 |
| The Civil War and Reconstruction | p. 303 |
| Industrialization | p. 304 |
| Crises and Reform | p. 306 |
| Becoming a World Power | p. 308 |
| The International Scene | p. 309 |
| Contemporary Events | p. 310 |
| Answers--Sample Test Items | p. 312 |
| Minitests | p. 317 |
| Answers--Minitests | p. 327 |
| Science | p. 329 |
| Overview of the GED Science Test | p. 330 |
| Biology | p. 340 |
| Life Qualities | p. 340 |
| Cell Structure | p. 341 |
| Cell Processes | p. 342 |
| Genetics | p. 343 |
| Natural Selection and Evolution | p. 344 |
| Classifying Living Things | p. 345 |
| Monerans | p. 346 |
| Protists | p. 347 |
| Fungi | p. 348 |
| Photosynthesis | p. 349 |
| Plant Structures and Reproduction | p. 350 |
| The Animal Kingdom | p. 351 |
| Invertebrates | p. 351 |
| Arthropods | p. 352 |
| Fish | p. 353 |
| Amphibians | p. 354 |
| Reptiles | p. 355 |
| Birds | p. 356 |
| Mammals | p. 357 |
| Human Anatomy | p. 358 |
| Ecology | p. 359 |
| Earth Science | p. 360 |
| The Universe and the Solar System | p. 360 |
| Tilt, Rotation, Revolution, and Seasons | p. 361 |
| The Earth's Layers and Magnetism | p. 362 |
| Continental Drift and Mountain Formation | p. 363 |
| Earthquakes and Volcanoes | p. 364 |
| Rocks, Minerals, and Ores | p. 365 |
| Geologic Eras and Fossils | p. 366 |
| Weather and Climate | p. 367 |
| Oceans, Tides, and Currents | p. 368 |
| Weathering and Erosion | p. 369 |
| Energy Sources | p. 370 |
| Chemistry | p. 371 |
| The States of Matter | p. 371 |
| Chemistry and Elements | p. 372 |
| Chemical Change | p. 373 |
| Compounds and Mixtures | p. 374 |
| Chemical Reactions | p. 375 |
| Acids, Bases, and Salts | p. 376 |
| Radioactivity | p. 377 |
| Organic Chemistry | p. 378 |
| Physics | p. 379 |
| Motion and Forces | p. 379 |
| Work and Energy | p. 380 |
| Electrical Circuits | p. 381 |
| Electromagnetism | p. 382 |
| Waves and Energy | p. 383 |
| Sound Waves and Light | p. 384 |
| Refraction and Reflection | p. 385 |
| Nuclear Physics | p. 386 |
| Answers--Sample Test Items | p. 387 |
| Minitests | p. 391 |
| Answers--Minitests | p. 407 |
| Mathematics | p. 409 |
| Overview of the GED Mathematics Test | p. 410 |
| Arithmetic | p. 413 |
| Basic Arithmetic | p. 413 |
| Whole Numbers | |
| Adding | p. 413 |
| Carrying | p. 413 |
| Subtracting | p. 414 |
| Two-Step Word Problems | p. 416 |
| Multiplying | p. 417 |
| Multiplication Word Problems | p. 418 |
| Dividing | p. 420 |
| Division Word Problems | p. 421 |
| Reviewing Multistep Problems | p. 422 |
| Decimals | |
| Decimals | p. 423 |
| Rounding | p. 424 |
| Adding | p. 424 |
| Addition Word Problems | p. 425 |
| Subtracting | p. 426 |
| Multiplying | p. 428 |
| Dividing | p. 430 |
| Dividing Decimals by Whole Numbers | p. 430 |
| Dividing Whole Numbers by Decimals | p. 431 |
| Dividing Decimals by Decimals | p. 432 |
| Multistep Word Problems | p. 433 |
| Fractions | |
| Fractions | p. 434 |
| Reducing | p. 434 |
| Changing Improper Fractions | p. 435 |
| Adding and Subtracting | p. 436 |
| Adding and Subtracting Mixed Numbers | p. 437 |
| Common Denominators | p. 438 |
| Borrowing from Whole Numbers | p. 440 |
| Converting Fractions to Decimals | p. 441 |
| Multiplying | p. 442 |
| Multiplying Mixed Numbers | p. 443 |
| Canceling | p. 443 |
| Dividing | p. 444 |
| Multistep Word Problems | p. 446 |
| Percents | |
| Percents | p. 447 |
| Changing Percents to Decimals | p. 447 |
| Changing Decimals to Percents | p. 447 |
| Using a Grid | p. 448 |
| Finding the Part | p. 449 |
| Finding the Whole | p. 450 |
| Finding the Percent | p. 451 |
| Percent Word Problems | p. 452 |
| Multistep Word Problems | p. 453 |
| Data Analysis | p. 454 |
| Bar Graphs | p. 454 |
| Double Bar Graphs | p. 455 |
| Combination Bar Graphs | p. 456 |
| Line Graphs | p. 457 |
| Pictographs | p. 458 |
| Circle Graphs | p. 459 |
| Tables | p. 460 |
| Meters | p. 461 |
| Finding Means (Averages) | p. 462 |
| Finding Medians | p. 463 |
| Ratios | p. 464 |
| Probability | p. 465 |
| Proportion | p. 466 |
| Using a Grid to Solve Proportions | p. 466 |
| Number Relationships | p. 468 |
| Positive and Negative Numbers | p. 468 |
| Adding | p. 468 |
| Subtracting | p. 468 |
| Multiplying and Dividing | p. 470 |
| Ordering Decimals | p. 471 |
| Ordering Fractions | p. 472 |
| Comparing and Ordering Data | p. 473 |
| Exponents | p. 474 |
| Squares and Square Roots | p. 475 |
| Scientific Notation | p. 476 |
| Simplifying | p. 477 |
| Measurement | p. 478 |
| Measurement Tables | p. 478 |
| Converting Measurement | p. 478 |
| Adding | p. 480 |
| Subtracting | p. 481 |
| Multiplying | p. 482 |
| Dividing | p. 483 |
| Metric Measurement | p. 484 |
| Converting Metric Measures | p. 485 |
| Adding and Subtacting Metric Measures | p. 486 |
| Multiplying and Dividing Metric Measures | p. 487 |
| Working with Formulas | p. 488 |
| The Interest Formula | p. 488 |
| The Cost-per-Unit Formula | p. 489 |
| The Distance Formula | p. 489 |
| Finding the Distance Around an Area (Perimeter) | p. 490 |
| Figuring Square Measure (Area) | p. 491 |
| Figuring Cubic Measure (Capacity) | p. 492 |
| Arithmetic Review | p. 493 |
| Geometry | p. 495 |
| Overview | p. 495 |
| Measuring Angles | p. 496 |
| Pairs of Angles | p. 496 |
| Supplementary Angles | p. 497 |
| Parallel Lines and Their Angles | p. 498 |
| Parallel Lines and Their Perpendiculars | p. 500 |
| Quadrilaterals | p. 501 |
| Perimeter | p. 502 |
| Area | p. 503 |
| Triangles | p. 504 |
| Rules About Triangles | p. 505 |
| Congruent Triangles | p. 506 |
| Similar Triangles | p. 507 |
| Perimeter | p. 508 |
| Area | p. 509 |
| The Pythagorean Theorem | p. 510 |
| Circles | p. 512 |
| Circumference | p. 512 |
| Area | p. 513 |
| Area of Part of a Circle | p. 514 |
| Composite Figures | p. 515 |
| Solid Geometry | p. 516 |
| Cubes and Rectangular Solids | p. 516 |
| Cylinders | p. 517 |
| Coordinate Grids | p. 518 |
| Ordered Pairs | p. 519 |
| Horizontal and Vertical Distance | p. 520 |
| Diagonal Distance | p. 521 |
| Slope | p. 522 |
| Geometry Review | p. 523 |
| Algebra | p. 524 |
| Order of Operations | p. 524 |
| Laws for Numerical Expressions | p. 526 |
| Numerical Statements | p. 527 |
| Algebraic Expressions | p. 528 |
| Adding and Subtracting Like Terms | p. 530 |
| Multiplying and Dividing Like Terms | p. 531 |
| Factoring | p. 532 |
| Substitution | p. 533 |
| Solving Equations | p. 534 |
| An Unknown Number on Both Sides of the Equation | p. 536 |
| Translating Word Problems into Equations | p. 537 |
| Using Equations to Solve Word Problems | p. 538 |
| Inequalities | p. 539 |
| Finding Two Unknowns | p. 540 |
| Equations on a Grid | p. 541 |
| Quadratic Equations | p. 542 |
| Algebra Review | p. 544 |
| Answers--Sample Test Items | p. 545 |
| Minitests | p. 568 |
| Answers--Minitests | p. 583 |
| The Posttests | p. 589 |
| Posttest A | p. 591 |
| Writing Skills Test | p. 591 |
| Social Studies Test | p. 605 |
| Science Test | p. 625 |
| Test of Interpreting Literature and the Arts | p. 644 |
| Mathematics Test | p. 653 |
| Answer Explanations--Posttest A | p. 662 |
| Answer Key--Posttest A | p. 677 |
| Finding Your Score | p. 678 |
| Posttest B | p. 681 |
| Writing Skills Test | p. 681 |
| Social Studies Test | p. 695 |
| Science Test | p. 713 |
| Test of Interpreting Literature and the Arts | p. 733 |
| Mathematics Test | p. 743 |
| Answer Explanations--Posttest B | p. 752 |
| Answer Key--Posttest B | p. 767 |
| Acknowledgments | p. 768 |
| Index | p. 773 |
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