Preface | p. xv |
Introduction | |
The Role of Marketing Research | p. 1 |
The Nature of Marketing Research | p. 2 |
The Marketing Concept | p. 4 |
The Managerial Value of Marketing Research for Strategic Decision Making | p. 9 |
When Is Marketing Research Needed? | p. 15 |
Marketing Research in the 21st Century | p. 17 |
Global Information Systems and the Internet | p. 23 |
Data versus Information | p. 24 |
The Characteristics of Valuable Information | p. 24 |
Global Information Systems | p. 25 |
Decision Support Systems | p. 26 |
What Is the Internet? | p. 34 |
The Marketing Research Process: an Overview | p. 42 |
Information Reduces Uncertainty | p. 43 |
Types of Marketing Research | p. 43 |
Stages in the Research Process | p. 46 |
The Research Proposal | p. 61 |
The Research Program Strategy | p. 61 |
The Human Side of Marketing Research: Organizational and Ethical Issues | p. 68 |
The Mission of the Research Department | p. 69 |
Degree of Marketing Research Sophistication | p. 69 |
Organizational Structure of Marketing Research | p. 71 |
Research Suppliers and Contractors | p. 74 |
Ethical Issues in Marketing Research | p. 75 |
Designing Research Studies | |
Exploratory Research and Qualitative Analysis | p. 87 |
Exploratory Research: What It Is and What It Is Not | p. 88 |
Why Conduct Exploratory Research? | p. 88 |
Categories of Exploratory Research | p. 90 |
Experience Surveys | p. 90 |
Secondary Data Analysis | p. 90 |
Case Studies | p. 91 |
Pilot Studies | p. 92 |
A Warning about Exploratory Research | p. 104 |
Secondary Data Research in a Digital Age | p. 112 |
Secondary Data Research | p. 113 |
Typical Objectives for Secondary Data Research Designs | p. 116 |
Sources of Secondary Data | p. 125 |
Single-Source Data: Integrated Information | p. 132 |
Sources for Global Research | p. 133 |
Survey Research | p. 140 |
The Nature of Surveys | p. 141 |
Errors in Survey Research | p. 141 |
Respondent Error | p. 143 |
Administrative Error | p. 147 |
Classifying Survey Research by Method of Communication | p. 149 |
Using Interviews to Communicate with Respondents | p. 149 |
Personal Interviews | p. 149 |
Telephone Interviews | p. 153 |
Self-Administered Questionnaires | p. 157 |
Self-Administered Questionnaires That Use Other Forms of Distribution | p. 163 |
Selecting the Appropriate Survey Research Design | p. 170 |
Pretesting | p. 171 |
Ethical Issues in Survey Research | p. 173 |
Observation | p. 181 |
When Is Observation Scientific? | p. 181 |
What Can Be Observed? | p. 181 |
The Nature of Observation Studies | p. 182 |
Observation of Human Behavior | p. 182 |
Direct Observation | p. 184 |
Ethical Issues in the Observation of Humans | p. 186 |
Observation of Physical Objects | p. 187 |
Content Analysis | p. 189 |
Mechanical Observation | p. 190 |
Experimental Research | p. 199 |
The Nature of Experiments | p. 200 |
Basic Issues in Experimental Design | p. 201 |
Ethical Issues in Experimentation | p. 207 |
Field and Laboratory Experiments | p. 207 |
Issues of Experimental Validity | p. 208 |
Classification of Experimental Designs | p. 212 |
Test Marketing | p. 217 |
Measurement | |
Measurement and Attitude Scaling | p. 225 |
What Is To Be Measured? | p. 226 |
Rules of Measurement | p. 228 |
Types of Scales | p. 228 |
Index Measures | p. 231 |
Three Criteria for Good Measurement | p. 231 |
Attitudes: Definition and Components | p. 233 |
The Attitude-Measuring Process | p. 234 |
Physiological Measures of Attitudes | p. 234 |
Attitude Rating Scales | p. 235 |
Measuring Behavioral Intention | p. 242 |
Ranking | p. 243 |
Sorting | p. 244 |
Questionnaire Design | p. 249 |
A Survey Is Only as Good as the Questions It Asks | p. 250 |
Questionnaire Design: An Overview of the Major Decisions | p. 250 |
What Should Be Asked? | p. 250 |
How Should Questions Be Phrased? | p. 251 |
The Art of Asking Questions | p. 255 |
What Is the Best Question Sequence? | p. 262 |
What Is the Best Layout? | p. 264 |
How Much Pretesting and Revising Are Necessary? | p. 276 |
Designing Questionnaires for Global Markets | p. 278 |
Sampling and Statistical Theory | |
Sampling Designs and Sampling Procedures | p. 290 |
Sampling Terminology | p. 291 |
Why Sample? | p. 291 |
Practical Sampling Concepts | p. 291 |
Random Sampling Error and Nonsampling Error | p. 296 |
Probability versus Nonprobability Sampling | p. 297 |
Nonprobability Sampling | p. 298 |
Probability Sampling | p. 301 |
Internet Sampling Is Unique | p. 306 |
What Is the Appropriate Sample Design? | p. 309 |
Determination of Sample Size: A Review of Statistical Theory | p. 314 |
Reviewing Basic Terminology | p. 315 |
Making Data Usable | p. 315 |
The Normal Distribution | p. 322 |
Population Distribution, Sample Distribution, and Sampling Distribution | p. 326 |
Central-Limit Theorem | p. 329 |
Estimation of Parameters | p. 331 |
Sample Size | p. 335 |
A Reminder about Statistics | p. 341 |
Analysis and Reporting | |
Basic Data Analysis | p. 346 |
The Nature of Descriptive Analysis | p. 347 |
Tabulation | p. 347 |
Cross-Tabulation | p. 348 |
Data Transformation | p. 352 |
Calculating Rank Order | p. 352 |
Tabular and Graphic Methods of Displaying Data | p. 353 |
Computer Programs for Analysis | p. 357 |
Univariate Statistics: Stating a Hypothesis | p. 361 |
Hypothesis Testing | p. 361 |
The Chi-Square Test for Goodness of Fit | p. 365 |
Choosing the Appropriate Technique | p. 367 |
Differences Between Groups and Relationships Among Variables | p. 379 |
Differences between Groups | p. 380 |
Relationships among Variables | p. 384 |
Multiple Regression Analysis | p. 391 |
Communicating Research Results: Research Report, Oral Presentation, and Research Follow-up | p. 400 |
Insights from the Communications Model | p. 401 |
The Report in Context | p. 401 |
Report Format | p. 401 |
The Oral Presentation | p. 404 |
Reports on the Internet | p. 407 |
The Research Follow-Up | p. 407 |
Comprehensive Cases with Computerized Databases | |
Statistical Tables | p. 419 |
Glossary of Frequently Used Symbols | p. 427 |
Glossary of Terms | p. 429 |
Endnotes | p. 439 |
Credits | p. 447 |
Index | p. 449 |
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