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| Introduction: The Idea of Ideas of Human Nature | |
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| Religious Views | |
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| In the Beginning: Views of Creation and Being | |
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| Hindu: Bhagavad Gita | |
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| Buddhist: Prajnaparamita Sutra | |
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| Taoist: The Tao Te Ching | |
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| Judeo-Christian: Old Testament | |
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| Christian: New Testament | |
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| Muslim: Koran (or Qur'an) | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| Body and Soul | |
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| Plato: Phaedo | |
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| Augustine: The City of God | |
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| Lucretius: On the Nature of Things | |
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| Aquinas: Summa Theologica and Summa Contra Gentiles | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| The Mind | |
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| The Imprint of Experience | |
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| Locke: An Essay Concerning Human Understanding | |
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| Hume: A Treatise on Human Nature | |
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| Kant: Critique of Pure Reason and Critique of Practical Reason | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| The Role of Reason | |
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| Plato: The Republic and Phaedrus | |
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| Aristotle: The Nicomachean Ethics | |
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| Smith: The Wealth of Nations | |
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| Doyle: A Study in Scarlet | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| The Limits of Reason | |
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| Dostoyevsky: Notes from Underground | |
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| Crane: The Black Riders | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| The Mind/Brain Problem | |
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| Descartes: Discourse on the Method, Meditations on First Philosophy, Treatise on Man, and Automatism of Brutes | |
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| La Mettrie: Man a Machine | |
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| Crick: The Astonishing Hypothesis | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| Behaviorism | |
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| Watson: Behaviorism | |
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| Skinner: Science and Human Behavior and Beyond Freedom and Dignity | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| Psychoanalysis | |
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| Freud: The Interpretation of Dreams, The Ego and the Id, Totem and Taboo, and Civilization and Its Discontents | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| The Social Setting | |
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| People Are Basically Bad | |
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| Plato: The Republic | |
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| Augustine: The City of God | |
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| Hobbes: The Leviathan | |
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| Kafka: The Bucket Rider | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| People Are Basically Good | |
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| Rousseau: Discourse on the Origin of Inequality (Second Discourse) | |
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| Kropotkin: Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| People Are Basically a Product of Their Cultures | |
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| Durkheim: Rules of Sociological Method | |
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| Boas: The Mind of Primitive Man | |
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| Kroeber: The Superorganic | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| Marxist "Man" and Alienation | |
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| Marx: Comments on James Mill, The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, The Grundrisse, and Das Kapital | |
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| Markham: The Man with the Hoe | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| The Pursuit of Power | |
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| Machiavelli: The Prince | |
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| Nietzsche: The Antichrist and Thus Spoke Zarathustra | |
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| London: The Sea-Wolf | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| The Existential Imagination | |
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| Kierkegaard: Either/Or, Fear and Trembling, and Concluding Unscientific Postscript | |
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| Sartre: Existentialism and Humanism and Being and Nothingness | |
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| Camus: The Myth of Sisyphus and The Plague | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| Sex and Gender | |
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| Wollstonecraft: A Vindication of the Rights of Woman | |
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| Mill: The Subjection of Women | |
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| Stanton: Introduction to The Woman's Bible | |
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| Woolf: A Room of One's Own | |
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| Beauvoir: The Second Sex | |
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| Gilligan: In a Different Voice | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| The Human Animal? | |
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| Humans as Animals, and Vice Versa | |
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| Swift: Gulliver's Travels | |
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| Lorenz: On Aggression | |
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| Griffin: Animal Minds | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| Evolution and Sociobiology | |
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| Darwin: The Origin of Species and The Descent of Man | |
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| Wilson: Sociobiology and On Human Nature | |
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| Dawkins: The Selfish Gene | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| Uniquely Human? | |
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| Becker: The Denial of Death | |
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| Pinker: The Language Instinct | |
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| Westermarck: The History of Human Marriage | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Some Additional Readings | |
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| Credits | |