| |
| |
Preface | |
| |
| |
Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
Acronyms | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Overview | |
| |
| |
| |
Organization of the Book | |
| |
| |
| |
Appendices | |
| |
| |
| |
Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| |
Packet Video in the Network Environment | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Benefits and Shortcomings of Packet Video | |
| |
| |
| |
Some Issues in Packet Video | |
| |
| |
| |
Layered Source Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
Error Recovery | |
| |
| |
| |
Statistical Behavior of Video Signals | |
| |
| |
| |
Packet Video Network Architecture Model | |
| |
| |
| |
Packet Switched Network for Real-Time Video Transport | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Transmission Over Packet Switched Networks | |
| |
| |
| |
Packet Video Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Data Scrambling and Interleaving | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Compression in a Packet Network Environment | |
| |
| |
| |
Compression Schemes | |
| |
| |
| |
Digital Video Compression | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Communication Using Asynchronous Transfer Mode Technique | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
ATM for the Future Broadband ISDN | |
| |
| |
| |
Main ATM Features | |
| |
| |
| |
ATM Layers | |
| |
| |
| |
Packetization for ATM Networks | |
| |
| |
| |
Buffering in the ATM Environment | |
| |
| |
| |
Leaky Bucket | |
| |
| |
| |
Transmission of High-Priority Video Data | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Sources Model Description | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Coding Techniques | |
| |
| |
| |
Fixed Bit Rate and Variable Bit Rate Coder | |
| |
| |
| |
Layered Coding Models in ATM | |
| |
| |
| |
Subband Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
Three-Dimensional Subband Spatio-Temporal Decomposition | |
| |
| |
| |
Discrete Cosine Transform | |
| |
| |
| |
Adaptive Subband Discrete Cosine Transform Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
Lapped Orthogonal Transform | |
| |
| |
| |
Wavelet Transform Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
Wavelets and Scaling Functions | |
| |
| |
| |
Filter Banks and Wavelets | |
| |
| |
| |
Discrete Wavelet Transform | |
| |
| |
| |
Predictive Encoding | |
| |
| |
| |
DPCM and Subband Coding Techniques | |
| |
| |
| |
Hybrid DCT/DPCM Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
Vector Quantization | |
| |
| |
| |
Fractal Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG Video Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
Motion Compensation | |
| |
| |
| |
Motion Estimation | |
| |
| |
| |
Comments | |
| |
| |
| |
Scalability Techniques | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction to Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Basic Approaches to Achieve Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Types of Scalabilities | |
| |
| |
| |
Data Partitioning | |
| |
| |
| |
SNR Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Coding Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
Frequency Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Chroma Simulcast | |
| |
| |
| |
Spatial Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Progressive-Progressive Spatial Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Progressive-Interlace Spatial Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Interlace-Interlace Spatial Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Interlace-Progressive Spatial Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Temporal Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Hybrid Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
Spatial and Temporal Hybrid Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
SNR and Spatial Hybrid Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
SNR and Temporal Hybrid Scalability | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG and ITU-T Video Standards | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Characteristics of MPEG Video Compression | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG Bit Stream Syntax | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-2 Video Standard | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-2 Nonscalable Video Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-2 Scalable Video Coding | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-2 Video: Discussion | |
| |
| |
| |
ITU-T Recommendation H.263, H.263+, H.263++, and H.26L | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-4 Video Standardization Process | |
| |
| |
| |
Scope and Features of the MPEG-4 Standard | |
| |
| |
| |
Overview of the MPEG-4 System | |
| |
| |
| |
Object-Based Coding Syntax | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-4 Terminal | |
| |
| |
| |
Structure of the Tools for Representing Natural Video | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-4 Video Verification Model | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Coding Algorithms | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Decoding Process | |
| |
| |
| |
Still Texture Object Decoding | |
| |
| |
| |
Mesh Object Decoding | |
| |
| |
| |
Face Object Decoding | |
| |
| |
| |
Visual-Systems Composition Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
Error Resilience | |
| |
| |
| |
Profiles and Levels | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-7 Standardization of Multimedia Content Description Interface | |
| |
| |
| |
Objectives, Scope, and Requirements | |
| |
| |
| |
Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
Research Areas | |
| |
| |
| |
Concluding Remarks | |
| |
| |
| |
Some Issues Involved in Asynchronous Transfer of Video | |
| |
| |
| |
Rate Control | |
| |
| |
| |
Rate Function Bounding | |
| |
| |
| |
Multiplexing in an ATM Network Environment | |
| |
| |
| |
Deterministic Multiplexing | |
| |
| |
| |
Statistical Multiplexing without Quality Guarantees | |
| |
| |
| |
Statistical Multiplexing with Quality Guarantees | |
| |
| |
| |
Multiplexing of MPEG Video Sources | |
| |
| |
| |
ATM Multiplexer for Multiple Two-Layer Video Streams | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Delay | |
| |
| |
| |
Cell Delay Variation | |
| |
| |
| |
Delay Control | |
| |
| |
| |
Errors and Losses in Asynchronous Transfer Mode of Video | |
| |
| |
| |
Cell Losses in ATM Networks | |
| |
| |
| |
Cell Loss Process--The Gilbert Model | |
| |
| |
| |
Cell Loss Rate Characteristics as a Function of Time | |
| |
| |
| |
Cell Jitter Reduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Network Framing | |
| |
| |
| |
Error Concealment Strategies for ATM Networks | |
| |
| |
| |
Codeword Domain Error Concealment | |
| |
| |
| |
Spatio-Temporal Error Concealment | |
| |
| |
| |
Adaptive Error Concealment for Intracoded Frames | |
| |
| |
| |
Spatial Scalable Error Concealment | |
| |
| |
| |
Encoding Parameter Adjustment | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG Video Error Concealment | |
| |
| |
| |
Loss Concealment | |
| |
| |
| |
Bandwidth Management | |
| |
| |
| |
Bandwidth Management for the ABR Service | |
| |
| |
| |
Video over Wireless ATM Networks | |
| |
| |
| |
Wireless ATM Reference Models | |
| |
| |
| |
Fixed Wireless Components | |
| |
| |
| |
Mobile End Users | |
| |
| |
| |
Mobile Switches with Fixed End Users | |
| |
| |
| |
Mobile Switches with Mobile End Users | |
| |
| |
| |
Interworking with the Personal Communication Service | |
| |
| |
| |
Wireless Ad Hoc Networks | |
| |
| |
| |
Wireless ATM Design Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
Mobile ATM | |
| |
| |
| |
Radio Access Layer | |
| |
| |
| |
Concluding Remarks | |
| |
| |
| |
Asynchronous Transfer of Video in the Internet | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
The Global Internet | |
| |
| |
| |
Internet Network Architecture | |
| |
| |
| |
Internet and ATM | |
| |
| |
| |
Integrating IP and ATM | |
| |
| |
| |
Internet Integrated Services | |
| |
| |
| |
Internet Engineering Task Force Integrated Services | |
| |
| |
| |
Controlled-Load Service | |
| |
| |
| |
Guaranteed Service | |
| |
| |
| |
MPEG-4 Video Transport over the Internet | |
| |
| |
| |
Concluding Remarks | |
| |
| |
| |
Quality of Service for Packet Video Over ATM Networks | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Integrated Video Services over ATM | |
| |
| |
| |
Service Classes Defined by the ATM Forum | |
| |
| |
| |
ATM Service Category Alternatives | |
| |
| |
| |
Video Aggregation | |
| |
| |
| |
Modeling the Aggregated Traffic | |
| |
| |
| |
Quality of Service | |
| |
| |
| |
Quality of Service Parameters | |
| |
| |
| |
QoS Classes | |
| |
| |
| |
Quality of Service Requirements | |
| |
| |
| |
Quality of Service and Basic Coding Techniques | |
| |
| |
| |
Traffic Management Functions and QoS Requirements | |
| |
| |
| |
QoS Protocol Reference Model | |
| |
| |
| |
QoS: Maintenance, Monitoring, Adaptation | |
| |
| |
| |
Perceptual Quality of the Received Video | |
| |
| |
| |
Concluding Remarks | |
| |
| |
| |
Video in Multimedia Communications | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Distributed Multimedia Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Main Features of DMS | |
| |
| |
| |
Requirements of Distributed Multimedia Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
Distributed Multimedia Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
Interactive Television | |
| |
| |
| |
Customer Premises Equipment | |
| |
| |
| |
Interactive Television Servers | |
| |
| |
| |
User Interface | |
| |
| |
| |
Media Editors | |
| |
| |
| |
Navigation | |
| |
| |
| |
Content Creation for ITV | |
| |
| |
| |
Hypermedia Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
Video on Demand | |
| |
| |
| |
Some Open Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
Scalability with Respect to Multimedia Applications | |
| |
| |
| |
Routing | |
| |
| |
| |
Pricing | |
| |
| |
| |
Concluding Remarks | |
| |
| |
| |
Information on the Internet | |
| |
| |
| |
Atsc Digital TV Standard Transport Packet Stream | |
| |
| |
| |
Multimedia and Standardization | |
| |
| |
Bibliography | |
| |
| |
Index | |
| |
| |
About the Authors | |