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| Preface | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Acronyms and Abbreviations | |
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| Chronology of Events | |
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| 'A Sun Suddenly Risen' A Prelude to the Prague Spring of 1968 | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Proceedings of the 4th Czechoslovak Writers' Congress, June 27-29, 1967, and a Follow-up Resolution by the CPCz CC Plenum, September 1967 (Excerpts) | |
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| Speeches by Alexander Dubcek and Antonin Novotny at the CPCz CC Plenum, October 30-31, 1967 | |
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| Remarks by Leonid Brezhnev at a Meeting of Top CPCz Officials, in Prague, December 9, 1967 (Excerpts) | |
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| Janos Kadar's Report to the HSWP Politburo of a Telephone Conversation with Leonid Brezhnev, December 13, 1967 | |
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| Andrei Aleksandrov-Agentov's Memori of the Pre-Crisis Period (Excerpt) | |
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| From January to Dresden | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Resolution of the CPCz CC Plenum, January 5, 1968, Electing Alexander Dubcek as First Secretary | |
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| Janos Kadar's Report to the HSWP Politburo on His Meetings with Alexander Dubcek, January 20, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Report Submitted to the CPCz CC Presidium on Alexander Dubcek's Visit to Moscow, January 29-30, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| "What Lies Ahead," by Josef Smrkovsky, February 9, 1968 | |
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| Alexander Dubcek's Speech Marking the 20th Anniversary of Czechoslovakia's "February Revolution," February 22, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Report by Czechoslovak Television Reporter on Soviet Reactions to the Events in the CSSR, February 28, 1968 | |
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| Observations by Czechoslovak Escort-Guides on the Views of Foreign Delegations Attending the Celebrations of the "February Revolution," February 1968 | |
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| Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Inviting a CSSR Delegation to the USSR, March 16, 1968 | |
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| Stenographic Account of the Dresden Meeting, March 23, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Alexander Dubcek's Presidium Report on the Dresden Meeting, March 25, 1968 | |
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| Open Letter from 134 Czechoslovak Writers and Cultural Figures to the CPCz Central Committee, March 25, 1968 | |
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| Soviet Reactions to Events in Czechoslovakia and the Dresden Meeting, as Assessed by the Italian Embassy in Moscow, April 1968 | |
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| Dispatch from Budapest Outlining Hungarian Concerns about Events in Czechoslovakia after the Dresden Meeting, April 6, 1968 | |
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| Revision, Reform, Revolution? | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The CPCz CC Action Program, April 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Cable from Andrei Gromyko for Todor Zhivkov, Janos Kadar, Walter Ulbricht, and Wladyslaw Gomulka Regarding the Internal Security Situation in Czechoslovakia, April 1968 | |
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| Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Expressing Concern about Events in Czechoslovakia, April 11, 1968 | |
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| Cable from Czechoslovak Ambassador Oldrich Pavlovsky on a Conversation with Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Il'ichev, April 17, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Memoir of Andrei Aleksandrov-Agentov on Internal Soviet Deliberations about Czechoslovakia (Excerpts) | |
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| Cable to Moscow from Soviet Ambassador to Warsaw Averki Aristov Regarding Wladyslaw Gomulka's Views on the Situation in Czechoslovakia, April 16, 1968 | |
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| "Proposal for a Number of Major Political Measures to Facilitate the Process of Mutual Understanding in Relations with the USSR," by Czechoslovak Foreign Minister Jiri Hajek, April 17, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Report on Secret Discussions between the CPCz CC International Department and Egon Bahr of the West German Social Democratic Party, April 17-19, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Report by CSSR National Defense Minister Martin Dzur on a Meeting with Marshal Yakubovskii, Commander-in-Chief of the Warsaw Pact Joint Armed Forces, April 24-25, 1968 | |
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| Stenographic Account of the Soviet-Czechoslovak Summit Meeting in Moscow, May 4-5, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Report on the Visit of Luigi Longo, Italian CP General Secretary, to Czechoslovakia, May 5-7, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Minutes of the CPCz CC Presidium Meeting, May 7-8, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Minutes of the Secret Meeting of the "Five" in Moscow, May 8, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Cable from the Czechoslovak Ambassador to Yugoslavia, May 9, 1968, on Leonid Brezhnev's Recent Discussions with Josip Broz Tito | |
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| Report by Czechoslovak Press Agency Correspondent Jan Risko from Moscow, May 12, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Cable from the Soviet Ambassador in Warsaw to Soviet Prime Minister Aleksei Kosygin, May 22, 1968 | |
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| Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Informing Him about the Results of the Moscow Meeting of the "Five", May 1968 | |
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| "On the Current Situation (Some Urgent Points Regarding the USSR's International Position)," The CPSU Politburo's Dissemination of Briefing Materials on the Crisis to CPSU Members, May 27, 1968 | |
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| Alexander Dubcek's Speech to the CPCz CC Plenary Session, May 29 - June 1, 1968, with Discussion by Vasil Bil'ak (Excerpts) | |
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| KAN's Manifesto, May 1968 | |
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| Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Proposing Another Bilateral Meeting, June 11, 1968 | |
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| "Status of the Sumava Allied Exercise," Report to Alexander Dubcek by CSSR Defense Minister Martin Dzur, June 17, 1968 | |
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| Resolution and Letter to the Soviet People from the National Conference of the People's Militia, June 19, 1968 | |
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| "Czechoslovakia: The Dubcek Pause," U.S. Intelligence Assessment of the Crisis, June 1968 | |
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| "On the Dissemination of the CPSU CC's Periodic Report on the Situation in Czechoslovakia and Certain Foreign Policy Steps of the Romanian Leadership": A Memorandum on Efforts to Provide CPSU Members with the Politburo's Latest Analysis of the Crisis, June 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| The "Two Thousand Words" Manifesto, June 27, 1968 | |
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| The July Crisis | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Briefing on the Sumava Exercises for Alexander Dubcek and Oldrich Cernik by Commanders of the Czechoslovak People's Army, July 1, 1968, with Follow-up Talks between Dubcek and Marshal Yakubovskii | |
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| Letter of the CPSU CC Politburo to the CPCz CC Presidium, July 4, 1968 | |
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| Report on the Sumava Exercises by Generals I. Olah and F. Szucs of the Hungarian People's Army to the HSWP Politburo, July 5, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| General Semyon Zolotov's Retrospective Account of the Sumava Military Exercises | |
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| Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek Inviting a CPCz Delegation to the Warsaw Meeting, July 6, 1968 | |
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| Top-Secret Telegram from Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko to Moscow Regarding the CPCz CC Presidium's Decision Not to Attend the Warsaw Meeting, July 9, 1968 | |
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| Message from Alexander Dubcek and Oldrich Cernik to Leonid Brezhnev, July 14, 1968 | |
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| Transcript of the Warsaw Meeting, July 14-15, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| The Warsaw Letter, July 14-15, 1968 | |
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| Press Conference with Lt. General Vaclav Prchlik, July 15, 1968 | |
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| Response by the CPCz CC Presidium to the Warsaw Letter, July 16-17, 1968 | |
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| Speech by Leonid Brezhnev to the CPSU Central Committee on the Proceedings and Results of the Warsaw Meeting, July 17, 1968 | |
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| Letter from Marshal Yakubovskii to Alexander Dubcek on Gen. Prchlik's News Conference, July 18, 1968 | |
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| Transcript of Discussion between Alexander Dubcek and Waldeck Rochet, July 19, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Letter from the French CP to Leonid Brezhnev, July 23, 1968 | |
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| Soviet Government Diplomatic Note to the Czechoslovak Government, July 20, 1968 | |
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| "Problems with the Policy of Safeguarding the Internal and External Security of the State, Their Status at Present, the Basic Ways to Resolve Them," Czechoslovakia's Plans for Future Changes in Military and National Security Policies, July 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Meeting Notes Taken by Chief of the Hungarian People's Army General Staff Karoly Csemi on Talks with Soviet Generals in Budapest to Discuss Preparations for "Operation Danube," July 24, 1968 | |
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| "Message from the Citizens to the CPCz CC Presidium," July 26, 1968 | |
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| "On the Current Security Situation," Report by Oldrich Cernik for the CPCz CC Presidium, July 27, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Speeches by Leonid Brezhnev, Alexander Dubcek, and Aleksei Kosygin at the Cierna nad Tisou Negotiations, July 29, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Dispatches from Czechoslovak Ambassadors in Berlin, Warsaw, and Budapest on the Deployment of Forces along CSSR Borders, July 29-August 1, 1968 | |
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| Alexander Dubcek's Recollections of the Crisis: Events Surrounding the Cierna nad Tisou Negotiations | |
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| August-The Month of Intervention | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Report by Soviet Ambassador to the GDR Pyotr Abrasimov on East Germany's Position vis-a-vis Czechoslovakia, July 28 and August 1, 1968 | |
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| Report by Soviet Ambassador to Bulgaria A.M. Puzanov on Bulgaria's Position vis-a-vis Czechoslovakia, August 1, 1968 | |
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| Polish Views of the Situation in Czechoslovakia on the Eve of the Bratislava Conference, August 2, 1968 | |
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| Vasil Bil'ak's Recollections of the Bratislava Conference | |
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| The "Letter of Invitation" from the Anti-Reformist Faction of the CPCz Leadership, August 1968 | |
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| The Bratislava Declaration, August 3, 1968 | |
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| Statement by the CPCz CC Presidium after the Talks at Cierna and Bratislava, August 6, 1968 | |
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| Janos Kadar's Speech at a Hungarian CC Plenum, August 7, 1968, Regarding Events since the Warsaw Meeting (Excerpts) | |
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| Report by Soviet Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko to the Kremlin on His Meeting with Alexander Dubcek, August 7, 1968 | |
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| Summary Report and Transcript of Telephone Conversation between Leonid Brezhnev and Alexander Dubcek, August 9, 1968 | |
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| Cables from the Czechoslovak Ambassadors in London and Washington on U.S. Reactions to the Situation in Czechoslovakia, August 10-12, 1968 | |
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| Cables between Moscow and East Berlin Regarding the Approaching Czechoslovak-East German Meeting in Karlovy Vary, August 10-11, 1968 | |
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| CPSU CC Politburo Message to Alexander Dubcek, August 13, 1968 | |
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| Transcript of Leonid Brezhnev's Telephone Conversation with Alexander Dubcek, August 13, 1968 | |
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| The CPSU Politburo's Instructions to Ambassador Chervonenko for Meetings with Czechoslovak Leaders, August 13, 1968 | |
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| Janos Kadar's Report on Soviet-Hungarian Talks at Yalta, August 12-15, 1968 | |
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| Reports on Warsaw Pact Military Communications Exercises and Marshal Grechko's Inspection Tours, August 9-16, 1968 | |
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| Letter from Leonid Brezhnev to Alexander Dubcek, and Dubcek's Notes, Regarding the CPCz's Purported Failure to Carry Out Pledges Made at Cierna and Bratislava, August 16, 1968 | |
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| Summary of Alexander Dubcek's Meeting with Janos Kadar at Komarno, August 17, 1968 | |
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| General Semyon Zolotov's Account of the Final Military Preparations for the Invasion | |
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| The Soviet Politburo's Resolution on the Final Decision to Intervene in Czechoslovakia, August 17, 1968, with Attachments | |
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| Draft "Letter of Warning" from the CPSU CC Politburo to the CPCz CC Presidium, August 17, 1968 | |
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| Cable Traffic between the CPSU Politburo and Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko Amending the Text and Delivery Time of the "Letter of Warning," August 17-18, 1968 | |
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| Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko's Report on His Meeting with Czechoslovak President Ludvik Svoboda, August 17, 1968 | |
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| Leonid Brezhnev's Speech at a Meeting of the "Warsaw Five" in Moscow, August 18, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Cable from Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko to the Kremlin on His Meeting with Alexander Dubcek and Oldrich Cernik, August 19, 1968 | |
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| Message from the CPSU CC Politburo to Members of the CPSU CC and Other Top Party Officials Regarding the Decision to Intervene in Czechoslovakia, August 19, 1968 | |
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| Ciphered Telegram from Andrei Gromyko to Soviet Embassies in Eastern Europe Transmitting the Joint Text of an Appeal to the Czechoslovak People's Army, August 19, 1968 | |
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| Cable to Ambassador Stepan Chervonenko from Moscow with a Message for President Svoboda, August 19, 1968, and Chervonenko's Response, August 21, 1968 | |
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| Emergency Cable from the CPSU Politburo to Soviet Ambassadors around the World, August 19-20, 1968 | |
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| Invasion Warning from Czechoslovak Ambassador to Hungary Jozef Pucik, August 20, 1968 | |
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| Report by Defense Minister Dzur, June 9, 1970, Regarding His Activities on the Night of August 20-21, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Statement by the CPCz CC Presidium Condemning the Warsaw Pact Invasion, August 21, 1968 | |
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| Report by a Czechoslovak State Security (StB) Official on the Arrest of Dubcek and Other Members of the CPCz CC Presidium, August 21, 1968 | |
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| The Arrest of the CPCz CC Presidium Members, as Recalled by Josef Smrkovsky's Personal Secretary H. Maxa | |
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| Alexander Dubcek's Recollections of the Invasion and Its Immediate Aftermath | |
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| Oldrich Cernik's Recollections of the Crisis (Excerpts) | |
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| Janos Kadar's Recollections of Events Preceding and Following the Invasion | |
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| The Invasion in Retrospect: The Recollections of General Ivan Pavlovskii | |
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| The Invasion in Retrospect: The Recollections of Kirill Mazurov | |
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| The Aftermath | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Directive from the Commanders of the Southern Group of Soviet Forces Regarding Efforts to Disarm the Czechoslovak People's Army, August 1968 | |
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| Minutes of the U.S. National Security Council Meeting on the Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia, August 20, 1968 | |
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| Cable from Czechoslovak Ambassador to Washington Karel Duda, to Prague, August 21, 1968 | |
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| Occupation Order from the Soviet Commander in Trencin, August 21, 1968 | |
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| Initial On-Site Report by Kirill Mazurov to the CPSU CC Politburo, August 21, 1968 | |
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| Moscow CPSU Committee's Assessment of Local Citizens' Initial Reactions to the Invasion, August 21-22, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Pravda Editorial Justifying the Invasion, August 22, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Discussions Involving Certain Members of the CPCz CC Presidium and Secretariat, at the Soviet Embassy in Prague and the CSSR President's Office, August 22, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Stenographic Account of Alexander Dubcek's Talks with Leonid Brezhnev and Other Members of the CPSU CC Politburo, August 23, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Minutes of Soviet-Czechoslovak Talks in the Kremlin, August 23 and 26, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Minutes of the First Post-Invasion Meeting of the "Warsaw Five" in Moscow, August 24, 1968 | |
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| The Moscow Protocol, August 26, 1968 | |
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| Alexander Dubcek's Recollections of the Moscow Negotiations and the Moscow Protocol | |
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| Testimony by the Chief of the CzPA General Staff and the Head of the CzPA's Main Political Directorate at a Meeting of the Presidium of the National Assembly, August 26, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Speech by Gustav Husak at the Extraordinary 14th Congress of the Slovak Communist Party, August 28, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Josef Smrkovsky's Address to the People after His Return from Moscow, August 29, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Situation Report by the U.S. State Department, August 29, 1968 | |
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| Summary Notes of the 590th Meeting of the National Security Council, September 4, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Recommendations from the CPSU CC Propaganda Department on Efforts to Establish Political Control in Czechoslovakia, September 6, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| CPCz Central Committee Notes on Problems Stemming from the Presence of Warsaw Pact Forces in Czechoslovakia, September 1968 | |
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| Unofficial Enunciation of the "Brezhnev Doctrine," September 26, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Stenographic Account of the Meeting of the "Warsaw Five" in Moscow, September 27, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| KGB Report on the "Counterrevolutionary Underground" in Czechoslovakia, October 13, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Stenographic Account of Soviet-Czechoslovak Negotiations in Moscow, October 3-4, 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| CIA Intelligence Information Cable, "Comments on the Growth of Disunity within Czech Leadership and Other Aspects of the Current Status of the Soviet Occupation of Czechoslovakia," October 11, 1968 | |
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| Bilateral Treaty on the "Temporary Presence of Soviet Forces on Czechoslovak Territory," October 16, 1968 | |
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| The CPCz Leadership's Assessment of the Treaty on Soviet Troop Deployments, October 1968 | |
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| The Soviet Politburo's Assessment of the Lessons of Operation "Danube" and the Tasks Ahead, November 16, 1968 | |
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| Minutes of the Soviet-Czechoslovak Negotiations in Kiev, 7-8 December 1968 (Excerpts) | |
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| Vasil Bil'ak's Recollections of Preparations for the April 1969 CPCz CC Plenum, and the Removal of Alexander Dubcek | |
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| Talks between CSSR Defense Minister Dzur and Soviet Defense Minister Grechko, April 1, 1969 | |
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| Documentary Epilogue | |
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| Vadim Medvedev's Account of the Legacy of the 1968 Crisis in the Age of Perestroika | |
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| Soviet and Warsaw Pact Apologies to Czechoslovakia, December 1989 | |
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| Main Actors | |
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| Selected Organizations | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index of Names | |