| |
| |
| |
Complex Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
Complex Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Our Number System | |
| |
| |
| |
Addition and Multiplication of Integers | |
| |
| |
| |
Inverse Operations | |
| |
| |
| |
Negative Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Fractional Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Irrational Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Imaginary Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Logarithm | |
| |
| |
| |
Napier's Idea of Logarithm | |
| |
| |
| |
Briggs' Common Logarithm | |
| |
| |
| |
A Peculiar Number Called e | |
| |
| |
| |
The Unique Property of e | |
| |
| |
| |
The Natural Logarithm | |
| |
| |
| |
Approximate Value of e | |
| |
| |
| |
The Exponential Function as an Infinite Series | |
| |
| |
| |
Compound Interest | |
| |
| |
| |
The Limiting Process Representing e | |
| |
| |
| |
The Exponential Function e[superscript x] | |
| |
| |
| |
Unification of Algebra and Geometry | |
| |
| |
| |
The Remarkable Euler Formula | |
| |
| |
| |
The Complex Plane | |
| |
| |
| |
Polar Form of Complex Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Powers and Roots of Complex Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Trigonometry and Complex Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Geometry and Complex Numbers | |
| |
| |
| |
Elementary Functions of Complex Variable | |
| |
| |
| |
Exponential and Trigonometric Functions of z | |
| |
| |
| |
Hyperbolic Functions of z | |
| |
| |
| |
Logarithm and General Power of z | |
| |
| |
| |
Inverse Trigonometric and Hyperbolic Functions | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
Complex Functions | |
| |
| |
| |
Analytic Functions | |
| |
| |
| |
Complex Function as Mapping Operation | |
| |
| |
| |
Differentiation of a Complex Function | |
| |
| |
| |
Cauchy-Riemann Conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
Cauchy-Riemann Equations in Polar Coordinates | |
| |
| |
| |
Analytic Function as a Function of z Alone | |
| |
| |
| |
Analytic Function and Laplace's Equation | |
| |
| |
| |
Complex Integration | |
| |
| |
| |
Line Integral of a Complex Function | |
| |
| |
| |
Parametric Form of Complex Line Integral | |
| |
| |
| |
Cauchy's Integral Theorem | |
| |
| |
| |
Green's Lemma | |
| |
| |
| |
Cauchy-Goursat Theorem | |
| |
| |
| |
Fundamental Theorem of Calculus | |
| |
| |
| |
Consequences of Cauchy's Theorem | |
| |
| |
| |
Principle of Deformation of Contours | |
| |
| |
| |
The Cauchy Integral Formula | |
| |
| |
| |
Derivatives of Analytic Function | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
Complex Series and Theory of Residues | |
| |
| |
| |
A Basic Geometric Series | |
| |
| |
| |
Taylor Series | |
| |
| |
| |
The Complex Taylor Series | |
| |
| |
| |
Convergence of Taylor Series | |
| |
| |
| |
Analytic Continuation | |
| |
| |
| |
Uniqueness of Taylor Series | |
| |
| |
| |
Laurent Series | |
| |
| |
| |
Uniqueness of Laurent Series | |
| |
| |
| |
Theory of Residues | |
| |
| |
| |
Zeros and Poles | |
| |
| |
| |
Definition of the Residue | |
| |
| |
| |
Methods of Finding Residues | |
| |
| |
| |
Cauchy's Residue Theorem | |
| |
| |
| |
Second Residue Theorem | |
| |
| |
| |
Evaluation of Real Integrals with Residues | |
| |
| |
| |
Integrals of Trigonometric Functions | |
| |
| |
| |
Improper Integrals I: Closing the Contour with a Semicircle at Infinity | |
| |
| |
| |
Fourier Integral and Jordan's Lemma | |
| |
| |
| |
Improper Integrals II: Closing the Contour with Rectangular and Pie-shaped Contour | |
| |
| |
| |
Integration Along a Branch Cut | |
| |
| |
| |
Principal Value and Indented Path Integrals | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
Determinants and Matrices | |
| |
| |
| |
Determinants | |
| |
| |
| |
Systems of Linear Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Solution of Two Linear Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Properties of Second-Order Determinants | |
| |
| |
| |
Solution of Three Linear Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
General Definition of Determinants | |
| |
| |
| |
Notations | |
| |
| |
| |
Definition of a nth Order Determinant | |
| |
| |
| |
Minors, Cofactors | |
| |
| |
| |
Laplacian Development of Determinants by a Row (or a Column) | |
| |
| |
| |
Properties of Determinants | |
| |
| |
| |
Cramer's Rule | |
| |
| |
| |
Nonhomogeneous Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Homogeneous Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Block Diagonal Determinants | |
| |
| |
| |
Laplacian Developments by Complementary Minors | |
| |
| |
| |
Multiplication of Determinants of the Same Order | |
| |
| |
| |
Differentiation of Determinants | |
| |
| |
| |
Determinants in Geometry | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
Matrix Algebra | |
| |
| |
| |
Matrix Notation | |
| |
| |
| |
Definition | |
| |
| |
| |
Some Special Matrices | |
| |
| |
| |
Matrix Equation | |
| |
| |
| |
Transpose of a Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Matrix Multiplication | |
| |
| |
| |
Product of Two Matrices | |
| |
| |
| |
Motivation of Matrix Multiplication | |
| |
| |
| |
Properties of Product Matrices | |
| |
| |
| |
Determinant of Matrix Product | |
| |
| |
| |
The Commutator | |
| |
| |
| |
Systems of Linear Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Gauss Elimination Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions of Linear Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Inverse Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Nonsingular Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Inverse Matrix by Cramer's Rule | |
| |
| |
| |
Inverse of Elementary Matrices | |
| |
| |
| |
Inverse Matrix by Gauss-Jordan Elimination | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
Eigenvalue Problems of Matrices | |
| |
| |
| |
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors | |
| |
| |
| |
Secular Equation | |
| |
| |
| |
Properties of Characteristic Polynomial | |
| |
| |
| |
Properties of Eigenvalues | |
| |
| |
| |
Some Terminology | |
| |
| |
| |
Hermitian Conjugation | |
| |
| |
| |
Orthogonality | |
| |
| |
| |
Gram-Schmidt Process | |
| |
| |
| |
Unitary Matrix and Orthogonal Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Unitary Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Properties of Unitary Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Orthogonal Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Independent Elements of an Orthogonal Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Orthogonal Transformation and Rotation Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Diagonalization | |
| |
| |
| |
Similarity Transformation | |
| |
| |
| |
Diagonalizing a Square Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Quadratic Forms | |
| |
| |
| |
Hermitian Matrix and Symmetric Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Definitions | |
| |
| |
| |
Eigenvalues of Hermitian Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Diagonalizing a Hermitian Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Simultaneous Diagonalization | |
| |
| |
| |
Normal Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Functions of a Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Polynomial Functions of a Matrix | |
| |
| |
| |
Evaluating Matrix Functions by Diagonalization | |
| |
| |
| |
The Cayley-Hamilton Theorem | |
| |
| |
Exercises | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Index | |