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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| A Science of Behavior: Perspective, History, and Assumptions | |
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| Science and Behavior | |
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| New Directions: Behavior Analysis and Neuroscience | |
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| Focus On: Burrhus Frederic Skinner | |
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| A Brief History of Behavior Analysis | |
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| Science and Behavior: Some Assumptions | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| The Experimental Analysis of Behavior | |
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| Functional Analysis of Behavior | |
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| Functional Analysis of the Environment | |
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| Tactics of Behavioral Research | |
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| New Directions: Operant Baselines and Behavioral Neuroscience | |
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| Single-Subject Research | |
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| Advanced Section: Perceiving as Behavior | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Reflexive Behavior and Respondent Conditioning | |
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| Phylogenetic Behavior | |
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| Ontogenetic Behavior | |
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| New Directions: Neuroscience and Learning in Honey Bees | |
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| Temporal Relations and Conditioning | |
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| Second-Order Respondent Conditioning | |
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| On the Applied Side: Drug Use, Abuse, and Respondent Conditioning | |
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| Note On: Physiology and the Control of Preparatory Responses by Conditioned Stimuli | |
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| Advanced Section: Complex Conditioning | |
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| The Rescorla-Wagner Model of Conditioning | |
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| Focus On: The Rescorla-Wagner Equation | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Reinforcement and Extinction of Operant Behavior | |
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| Operant Behavior | |
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| Focus On: Rewards and Intrinsic Motivation | |
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| Operant Conditioning | |
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| New Directions: Behavioral Neuroscience and Operant Conditioning of the Neuron | |
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| Focus On: Reinforcement and Problem Solving | |
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| Extinction | |
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| On the Applied Side: Extinction of Temper Tantrums | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Schedules of Reinforcement | |
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| Importance of Schedules of Reinforcement | |
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| Focus On: C. B. Ferster and Schedules of Reinforcement | |
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| Behavior Analysis: A Progressive Science | |
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| Comment On: Inner Causes, Schedules, and Response Patterns | |
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| Focus On: A System of Notation | |
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| Schedules of Positive Reinforcement | |
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| Ratio and Interval Schedules of Reinforcement | |
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| Focus On: Generality of Schedule Effects | |
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| Note On: VI Schedules, Reinforcement Rate, and Behavioral Momentum | |
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| Schedule Performance in Transition | |
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| On the Applied Side: Schedules and Cigarettes | |
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| Advanced Section: Schedule Performance | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Aversive Control of Behavior | |
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| Contingencies of Punishment | |
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| Focus On: Use of Punishment in Treatment | |
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| Note On: The Legal and Ethical Use of Electric Shock in a Residential Treatment Program | |
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| Punishment: Permanence and Paradox | |
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| Focus On: Physical Punishment and Mental Disorders | |
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| Contingencies of Negative Reinforcement | |
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| Focus On: Escape and Infant Caregiving | |
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| Determinants and Analysis of Avoidance Behavior | |
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| Side Effects of Aversive Procedures | |
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| New Directions: Social Defeat and Behavioral Neuroscience | |
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| On the Applied Side: Coercion and its Fallout | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Operant-Respondent Interrelationships: The Biological Context of Conditioning | |
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| Analysis of Operant-Respondent Contingencies | |
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| Note On: Operants and Respondents | |
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| The Biological Context of Conditioning | |
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| New Directions: Behavioral Neuroscience, Taste Aversion, and Urges for Addictive Behavior | |
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| On the Applied Side: Activity Anorexia and Interrelations between Eating and Physical Activity | |
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| Advanced Section: The Nature of Autoshaped Responses | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Stimulus Control | |
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| Differential Reinforcement and Discrimination | |
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| New Directions: Stimulus Control, Neuroscience, and What Birds See | |
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| Focus On: Discriminating and the "Bird-Brained" Pigeon | |
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| Behavioral Contrast | |
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| Generalization | |
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| On the Applied Side: Peak Shift in Anorexia Nervosa | |
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| Errorless Discrimination and Fading | |
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| Complex Stimulus Control | |
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| Focus On: Concept Formation by Pigeons | |
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| On the Applied Side: Quality Control and Detection of Signals by Animals | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Choice and Preference | |
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| Experimental Analysis of Choice and Preference | |
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| The Matching Law | |
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| Extensions of the Matching Law | |
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| Matching on Single Operant Schedules | |
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| On the Applied Side: Application of the Quantitative Law of Effect | |
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| Choice, Foraging, and Behavioral Economics | |
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| Behavioral Economics, Choice, and Addiction | |
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| Focus On: Activity Anorexia and Substitutability of Food and Wheel Running | |
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| Advanced Section: Quantification of Choice and Generalized Matching | |
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| New Directions: Behavioral Neuroscience, Matching, and Sensitivity | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Conditioned Reinforcement | |
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| Note On: Clicker Training | |
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| Chain Schedules and Conditioned Reinforcement | |
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| Focus On: Backward Chaining | |
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| Conditioned Reinforcement: Determinants and Analysis | |
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| New Directions: Neuroscience and Conditioned Reinforcement | |
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| Information and Conditioned Reinforcement | |
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| Delay Reduction and Conditioned Reinforcement | |
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| Generalized Conditioned Reinforcement | |
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| On he Applied Side: The Token Economy | |
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| Advanced Section: Quantification and Delay Reduction | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Correspondence Relations: Imitation and Rule-Governed Behavior | |
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| Correspondence and Human Behavior | |
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| Correspondence and Spontaneous Imitation | |
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| Imitation in the Laboratory | |
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| Infant Imitation Research | |
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| New Directions: Behavioral Neuroscience, Mirror Neurons, and Imitation | |
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| Correspondence, Generalized Imitation, and Observational Learning | |
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| On the Applied Side: Training Generalized Imitation | |
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| Focus On: Rules, Observational Learning, and Self-Efficacy | |
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| Rule-Governed Behavior | |
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| Focus On: Instructions and Contingencies | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Verbal Behavior | |
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| Language and Verbal Behavior | |
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| Focus On: Speaking and Evolution of the Vocal Tract | |
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| Verbal Behavior: Some Basic Distinctions | |
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| Operant Functions of Verbal Behavior | |
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| Research on Verbal Behavior: Manding and Tacting | |
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| Additional Verbal Relations: Intraverbals, Echoics, Textuals, and Autoclitics | |
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| Focus On: Higher-Order Verbal Classes and the Naming Relation | |
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| Analysis of Complex Behavior and Communication in the Laboratory | |
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| Note On: Universal Grammar | |
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| Symbolic Behavior and Stimulus Equivalence | |
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| New Directions: Behavioral Neuroscience and Derived Conceptual Relations | |
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| On the Applied Side: Three-Term Contingencies and Natural Speech | |
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| Advanced Section: A Formal Analysis of Manding and Tacting | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Applied Behavior Analysis | |
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| Characteristics of Applied Behavior Analysis | |
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| Research Strategies in Applied Behavior Analysis | |
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| Contingency Management and Substance Abuse | |
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| Note On: Contingency Management and Online Help Resources | |
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| Behavior Analysis in Education | |
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| Applications of Behavior Principles | |
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| New Directions: Autism, Mirror Neurons, and Applied Behavior Analysis | |
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| Causes and Prevention of Behavior Problems | |
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| Focus On: Conditioned Overeating and Childhood Obesity | |
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| On the Applied Side: MammaCare-Detection and Prevention of Breast Cancer | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Three Levels of Selection: Biology, Behavior, and Culture | |
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| Level 1: Evolution and Natural Selection | |
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| Genetic Regulation of Behavior | |
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| Focus On: Genetic Control of a Fixed-Action Pattern | |
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| Level 2: Selection by Reinforcement | |
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| Focus On: Operant Regulation in the Marine Snail, Aplysia | |
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| New Directions: Evolution, Environment, and the Obesity Crisis | |
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| Evolution, Reinforcement, and Verbal Behavior | |
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| Level 3: Selection and Evolution of Culture | |
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| Focus On: Depleting Resources, Punishment, and Communication | |
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| Origin, Transmission, and Evolution of Cultural Practices | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Glossary | |
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| References | |
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| Author index | |
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| Subject index | |