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| Preface and Introduction | |
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| The Enlightenment then and Now | |
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| The Historical Enlightenment | |
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| The Historical Enlightenment Vision | |
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| The Enlightenment in Europe | |
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| Enlightenment Influences on the Early United States | |
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| The Humanism of the Historical Enlightenment | |
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| Status of Enlightenment Goals Today | |
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| Varieties of Societal Progress | |
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| Societal Progress to Date: Successes and Failures | |
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| Ignorance, Superstition, and Juggernaut Technology | |
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| Widespread Ignorance | |
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| Enervating Superstitions | |
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| Juggernaut Technology | |
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| Prospects for Progress | |
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| The Critical Role of Science | |
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| Science, the Superior Way of Understanding the Natural World | |
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| Science, Human Nature, and a Better Future | |
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| A Brief Digression on Ethics | |
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| Science and Ethics | |
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| Science for Life | |
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| Physical Science and Life Science | |
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| Evolutionary Biology | |
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| Neurophysiology and Cognitive Psychology | |
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| Is Brain Science Risky? | |
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| Brain Science for a Better World | |
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| Universal Human Rights | |
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| Human Rights and the Enlightenment | |
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| Countering Racism | |
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| Overcoming Sexism | |
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| Women's Rights for a Better World | |
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| Toward a More Humanistic World | |
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| Religion Evolving | |
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| The Enlightenment and Religion | |
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| From the Brutal Gods to the Disappearing Gods | |
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| Should Nontheists Attack Religion? | |
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| The Religious Culture War in America Today | |
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| The Primacy of Politics Today | |
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| The Role of Religion in Politics | |
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| The Primacy of Politics Today | |
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| The Problem of Nationalism | |
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| Achieving a Working Democracy-with an American Example | |
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| Political Moves toward World Government | |
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| Planetary Humanism | |
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| The Ethical Basis for Planetary Humanism | |
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| The Pragmatic Basis for Planetary Humanism | |
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| The Prospects for Planetary Humanism | |
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| Reassessing the Enlightenment | |
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| Overcoming Crippling Ignorance | |
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| Living with Ignorance Today | |
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| Crippling Ignorance of Two Kinds | |
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| Why Quality Public Education Is Needed | |
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| Overcoming Crippling Ignorance before the Deluge | |
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| Reassessing the Enlightenment Today | |
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| The Inertia of Tradition | |
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| The Rough Road Ahead | |
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| The Inevitable Failure of Reaction | |
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| Progress under Restraint | |
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| The Enlightenment Today | |
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| Toward a Better Future | |
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| Summary of This Enlightenment Thesis | |
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| Looking Far Ahead | |
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| Returning to the Present | |
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| Notes and Bibliography | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Index | |