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| Introduction | |
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| Understanding Violence | |
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| What Is Violence? | |
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| What Makes Violence Possible-and Likely? | |
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| A Model of Expanding Violence | |
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| Conclusion: Hurting without Feeling Bad-or Feeling Anything at All | |
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| Understanding Religion | |
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| What Is Religion? | |
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| Populating the Religious Domain: Beings, Forces, and "Types" of Religion | |
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| "Local" versus "World" Religions | |
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| The Functions of Religion: Explanation, Control, and Legitimation | |
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| Conclusion: Society, Supernatural Agents, and Violence | |
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| Sacrifice | |
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| What Is Sacrifice? | |
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| The Diversity of Sacrifice | |
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| Theories of Sacrifice: Girard and Burkert | |
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| Toward a Better Understanding of Sacrifice | |
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| Self-Injury | |
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| Religious Self-Mortification: A Cry of Pain to the Spirits | |
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| Asceticism: Religious Athletes | |
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| Pain, but What Gain? | |
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| Martyrdom: Death on Principle | |
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| The Selfish Selflessness of Martyrs and Other Self-Mortifiers | |
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| Persecution | |
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| What Is Persecution? | |
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| Religious Persecution in the Ancient/Non-Christian World | |
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| Early Persecution of Christians | |
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| Early Persecution by Christians | |
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| Persecution in Islam | |
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| The Persecution of Witches | |
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| Persecution of Religion by Antireligion | |
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| Persecution by the American Religious Right | |
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| The Virtues of Persecuting-and Being Persecuted | |
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| Ethnoreligious Conflict | |
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| Ethnicity, Culture, Religion, and Conflict | |
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| Ethnoreligious Conflict in the Modern World | |
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| Why Ethnoreligious Conflict Now? | |
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| War | |
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| The Religion and the War in "Religious War" | |
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| Religious War among the Ancient Hebrews | |
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| "Holy War" in Christianity: The Crusades | |
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| "Holy War" in Christianity: The European Religious Wars | |
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| The Taiping "Rebellion" in China | |
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| Islam and Jihad | |
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| War in Hinduism | |
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| "Fighting Orders": Saintly Soldiers | |
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| The Mythology of War | |
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| Homicide and Abuse | |
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| When Is Religious Crime "Religious" and "Crime"? | |
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| Religious Homicide | |
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| Religious Abuse: Women and Spouses | |
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| Religious Abuse of Children | |
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| But Religion Is Supposed to Make People "Good" and "Moral" | |
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| Religion and Nonviolence | |
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| What Is Nonviolence? | |
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| Religions of Nonviolence | |
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| The Religious Contribution to Nonviolence | |
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| Notes | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |