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| Preface | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| 1 | |
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| Basics of Mapping and GIS | |
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| What is a map? | |
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| Historic and cultural perspectives | |
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| Maps, technology, and power | |
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| What is a GIS? | |
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| Why planners use GIS | |
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| GIS forthe urban environment | |
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| Layers | |
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| Using GIS in an urban context | |
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| Basic GIS functionality | |
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| Typical GIS tasks | |
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| GIS on the Internet | |
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| Modeling Spatial Data and Basic Mapping Concepts | |
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| Modeling | |
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| The vector model | |
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| The raster model | |
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| Combining raster and vector | |
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| Continuous vs. discrete data | |
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| Scale | |
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| Generalization | |
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| Geographic extent, geographic unit of analysis, and data aggregation | |
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| Map projections and coordinate systems | |
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| Common coordinate systems | |
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| Maps, scales, and coordinate systems | |
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| Thematic Mapping | |
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| Maps: Tangible vs. mental | |
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| Maps: Reference vs. thematic | |
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| Components of the thematic map | |
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| Quantitative vs, qualitative thematic maps | |
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| Types of thematic maps | |
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| Multivariate maps | |
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| Mental mapping | |
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| Data Classification Methods and Data Exploration | |
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| Quantitative vs. qualitative information | |
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| Measurement scales | |
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| Statistics and mapping | |
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| Summarizing data with statistics | |
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| Methods of classification | |
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| Issues in classification | |
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| Data exploration | |
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| Thematic map interpretation | |
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| Data Visualization and Map Design | |
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| Types of charts and graphs | |
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| Data visualization | |
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| Map design and composition | |
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| Main map elements | |
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| Graphic design | |
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| Color | |
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| Typography | |
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| Map design critique | |
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| Sources of Urban Data | |
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| A wealth of data | |
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| Choosing the appropriate data | |
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| Level of detail | |
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| Quality | |
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| Map accuracy | |
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| National map accuracy standards | |
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| Attribute data accuracy and currency | |
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| Metadata | |
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| The U.S. Decennial Census | |
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| U.S. Census TIGER/Line files | |
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| U.S. Postal zone mapping | |
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| United States Geological Survey (USGS) mapping | |
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| GISdata produced by state and local government | |
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| Commercial sources | |
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| The Internet | |
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| Data clearinghouses | |
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| Access to urban GIS data | |
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| Evaluation of an urban dataset | |
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| Mapping Databases | |
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| Point geocoding | |
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| Unmapped attribute tables | |
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| Creating vector mapping | |
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| GPS | |
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| Data acquisition | |
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| Attribute Data and Relational Database Management Systems | |
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| Attribute database tables | |
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| Creating database tables | |
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| Working directly with external database management systems | |
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| Managing database tables | |
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| Tables and views | |
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| Grouping data | |
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| Relational databases | |
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| Adding the spatial dimension | |
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| RDBMS and data integration | |
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| Integrating data using an RDBMS | |
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| Methods of Spatial Data Analysis | |
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| Types of analysis | |
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| Simple query: Data search and analysis | |
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| Reclassification | |
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| Geoprocessing | |
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| Optimal location/suitability analysis | |
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| Boolean operators | |
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| Modeling | |
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| Expert systems and rule-based reasoning | |
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| Interpolation | |
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| Using GIS for problem solving | |
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| GIS Project Development and Institutional Issues | |
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| Driving forces | |
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| Proposing a GIS | |
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| Initiating a project | |
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| Project development | |
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| Development cycle | |
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| Management perspective | |
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| Develop a project flow chart | |
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| Ethical Issues in GIS and Urban Planning | |
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| A multitude of issues | |
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| The subjectivity of maps | |
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| Maps as propaganda | |
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| Participatory GIS and the democratization of GIS | |
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| GIS for advocacy purposes: Counter-mapping | |
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| Technology and the use of local knowledge bases | |
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| Access to hardware, software, and skills | |
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| Vernacularization of GIS | |
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| Data access | |
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| Data ownership | |
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| Data liability | |
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| Privacy, confidentiality, and surveillance issues | |
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| Participatory community-based planning with GIS | |
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| Other Geotechnologies and Recent Developments in GIS | |
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| Three-dimensional GIS | |
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| Advanced GIS analysis | |
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| Remote sensing | |
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| Global Positioning System (GPS) | |
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| Lidar technology | |
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| Mobile mapping | |
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| Internet mapping software | |
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| Wide area networks | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Project documentation and policy recommendation report | |
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| 2 | |
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| Nonprofit Organization GIS Strategic Planning and Public Outreach | |
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| Public outreach: Imagine New York | |
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| The Lower Manhattan Preservation Fund | |
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| The campaign for community-based planning Olympics 2012 | |
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| GIS Use by Urban Nonprofit Organizations for Housing Initiatives and Urban Services | |
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| Fordham Bedford Housing Corporation, University Neighborhood Housing Program, and the Enterprise Foundation | |
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| Delivering Health-care Services to an Urban Population | |
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| Access to health care in Greenpoint-Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York | |
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| Natural Habitat and Open Space Assessment | |
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| Long Island Sound Stewardship System | |
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| Urban Environmental Planning | |
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| Land-use classification for extensive vegetative roof acreage potential in the Bronx | |
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| Emergency Management and Disaster Response | |
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| Using GIS at Ground Zero | |
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| Infrastructure Mapping for Planning and Maintenance | |
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| GIS mapping of the New York City sewer and storm drain system | |
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| Archaeology and Historic Preservation with GIS | |
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| Archaeology GIS project for the New York City Landmark Preservation Commission | |
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| Health and Environmental Justice | |
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| Mapping environmental hazards and asthma in the Bronx | |
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| Crime Pattern Analysis | |
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| Exploring Bronx auto thefts using GIS | |
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| Community-based Planning | |
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| Graffiti in Community District Two, Queens, New York: Private expression in the public realm | |
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| Advocacy Planning and Public Information | |
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| Community Mapping Assistance Project for the Metropolitan Waterfront Alliance and Open Accessible Space Information Systems Internet map site | |
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| Making Maps of Urban Data | |
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| Exploring BasicGIS Functionality | |
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| Thematic Mapping: Dot Density Maps | |
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| Thematic Mapping: Choropleth Maps | |
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| Integrating Graphs and Maps, and Designing Map Layouts | |
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| Developing an Attribute Database from an Internet Source | |
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| Geocoding and Labeling | |
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| Working with Relational Databases | |
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| Generating Buffers and Using Selection for Proximity Analysis | |
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| Geoprocessing Operations and Joining Tables | |
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| Data Exploration and Geostatistical Analysis | |
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| Advanced Layout Techniques | |
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| Afterword | |
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| About the authors | |
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| Data credits | |
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| Data license agreement | |
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| Installing the data | |
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| Index | |