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| Preface | |
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| Introduction to Phonetics | |
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| The Study of Phonetics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Branches of Phonetics | |
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| Phonetics: A Tool Subject | |
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| Terms Worth Knowing | |
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| Dynamic Nature of Speech | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| Language, Dialects, Registers, and Idiolects | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Dialects and Registers | |
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| Major Dialects of American English | |
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| Determining Your Speech History, or Idiolect | |
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| A Dialect Survey for Your Use | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| Classifying the Sounds of Speech | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Vowels and Consonants | |
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| Voicing | |
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| Place of Articulation | |
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| Manner of Articulation | |
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| Other Manners of Articulation | |
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| Distinctive Feature Theory | |
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| Phonetic Features That Do Not Distinguish Phonemes | |
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| Other Ways of Classifying Speech Sounds | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| Some Applications of Phonetic Theory | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Relationship Between Phonetics and Phonology | |
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| Advantages of Using Distinctive Features to Write Phonological Rules | |
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| Reading and Writing Phonological Rules with Distinctive Features | |
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| Clinical Phonetics: Consonantal Deviations | |
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| Clinical Phonetics: Vowel Deviations | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercise in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Sounds of American English: A Resource for Phoneticians | |
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| Overview | |
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| Organization of the Data | |
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| Exercise in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| Sounds and Symbols: The Phonetic Alphabet | |
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| The Stop Consonants | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /p/ | |
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| /b/ | |
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| /t/ | |
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| /d/ | |
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| /k/ | |
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| /g/ | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Fricative Consonants | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /f/ | |
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| /v/ | |
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| /[theta]/ | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /s/ | |
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| /z/ | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /h/ | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Affricate Consonants | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Nasal Consonants | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /m/ | |
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| /n/ | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Glide, Liquid, and Lateral Consonants | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /j/ | |
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| /w/ | |
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| /hw/ | |
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| /r/ | |
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| /l/ | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Front Vowels | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /i/ | |
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| /I/ | |
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| /e/ | |
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| /[varepsilon]/ | |
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| /ae/ | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Central Vowels | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /[Lambda]/ | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Back Vowels | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /u/ | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /o/ | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /a/ | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Diphthongs | |
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| Introduction | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| /[characters not reproducible] | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| The Suprasegmentals | |
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| Are Two Levels of Phonetic Analysis Sufficient? | |
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| Why Do We Need a Suprasegmental Level of Analysis? | |
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| Stress, Intonation, and Rhythm | |
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| Stress and Accent | |
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| The Function of Phonetic Stress? | |
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| How Is Stress Manifested in Speech? | |
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| Question Intonation | |
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| The Timing of Speech: Rhythm | |
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| The IPA and Suprasegmentals | |
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| Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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| Appendixes | |
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| Relative Frequency of Letters in English | |
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| Relative Frequency of Occurrence of Phonemes in English | |
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| Developmental Data for the Sounds of English | |
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| Understanding Sound Spectrograms | |
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| Relative Acoustic Power for the English Phonemes | |
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| Relative Difficulty of Recognizing the Phonemes of American English | |
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| References | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |