Dr. Toney has worked with the U.S. Department of Defense for more than 25 year's. He has supported organizational and process redesign efforts for the operations centers of several U.S. defense organizations such as the Defense Information Systems Agency, the U.S. Army, and the U.S. Marine Corps from locations across the U.S., Europe, and the Middle East. During his tour in the Middle East, he researched the application of organizational behavior and leadership theories in the characterization and performance of terrorist organizations. After conducting an exploratory literature review, he learned how little was known about the organizational behavior, leadership, and performance of… terrorist organizations, which prompted his initial research into the development of this book. Existing organizational behavior, leadership, and performance research focused primarily on traditional commercial and government organizations. Research on terrorist organizations tended to focus on the post-psychological effects of terrorist attacks in terms of human and property losses, and activities such as risk management and public health. He also learned the degree that national, organizational, and individual culture affects the behavior of these types of organizations. From this, he was able to construct a framework for understanding the performance of terrorist organizations by researching the relationship between organizational behavior and leadership theories, and national cultural dimensions, which is the objective of this book.