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| List of Tables, Figures, and Diagrams | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| About the Authors | |
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| The Scientific Method and Relevant Components | |
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| Validity and Research Designs | |
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| Internal Validity | |
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| External Validity | |
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| Construct Validity | |
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| Statistical Conclusion Validity | |
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| Design Logic | |
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| Control | |
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| Design Notations | |
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| Assignment Techniques | |
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| Comparison and Control Groups | |
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| Sampling Strategies | |
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| Probability Sampling Techniques | |
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| Nonprobability Sampling Techniques | |
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| Quantitative Methods For Experimental And Quasi-Experimental Research | |
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| Between-Subjects Approach | |
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| Pretest and Posttest Designs | |
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| k-Factor Designs | |
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| Posttest Designs | |
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| Regression-Discontinuity Approach | |
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| Within-Subjects Approach | |
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| Repeated-Measures Approach | |
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| Factorial Designs | |
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| Solomon N-Group Design | |
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| Single-Case Approach | |
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| Quantitative Methods For Nonexperimental Research | |
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| Ex Post Facto and Posttest-Only Designs | |
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| Observational Approach | |
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| Explanatory Design | |
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| Predictive Design | |
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| Survey Approach | |
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| Cross-Sectional Design | |
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| Longitudinal Design | |
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| Qualitative Methods | |
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| Grounded Theory Approach115 | |
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| Systematic Design | |
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| Emerging Design | |
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| Constructivist Design | |
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| When to Use Grounded Theory | |
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| Ethnographic Approach | |
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| Realist Design | |
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| Critical Design | |
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| Case Study Design | |
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| When to Use Ethnography | |
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| Narrative Approach | |
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| Descriptive Design | |
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| Explanatory Design | |
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| Critical Design | |
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| When to Use Narrative Inquiry | |
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| PhenomenologicalApproach | |
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| Existential Design | |
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| Transcendental Design | |
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| Hermeneutic Design | |
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| Case Study Design | |
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| When to Use Phenomenology | |
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| Mixed Methods | |
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| Convergent-Parallel Approach | |
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| Parallel-Databases Design | |
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| Data-Transformation Design | |
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| Data-Validauon Design | |
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| Multilevel Design | |
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| Embedded Approach | |
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| Embedded-Experiment Design | |
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| Embedded-Correlational Design | |
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| Embedded Case Study Design | |
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| Explanatory-Sequential Approach | |
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| Follow-Up Explanations Design | |
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| Participant-Selection Design | |
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| Exploratory-Sequential Approach | |
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| Instrument-Development Design | |
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| Theory-Development Design | |
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| Treatment-Development Design | |
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| Mixed Methods, Case Studies, and Single-Case Approaches | |
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| Mixed-Method A-B-A Designs | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Research Questions | |
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| Evaluation Approaches | |
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| Philosophical Tenets | |
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| Data Analytics | |
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| Final Remarks | |
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| Less Common Designs for Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Research | |
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| Types of Case Study Designs | |
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| Five Types of Mixed Methods Designs | |
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| References | |
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| Author Index | |
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| Subject Index | |