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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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About the Author | |
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Contributors | |
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Reviewers | |
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Introduction | |
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Chapter Organization | |
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Overview and Specific Details of Various Racial, Cultural and Ethnic Groups | |
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Introduction | |
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Racial Groups | |
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African American/Black | |
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Native American/Alaska Native | |
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Asian American and Pacific Islander | |
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White | |
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Ethnic Group | |
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Hispanic/Latino | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Relevance of Cultural Competency to Various Health Professions | |
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Introduction | |
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Political Correctness as a Necessary Consideration for Cultural Competency | |
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Considering Cultural Competency in All Healthcare Settings | |
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Difference Between Interpretation and Translation | |
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Visual Affirmation in the Healthcare Setting | |
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Diversifying the Health Service Professional Workforce | |
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Trust | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Health Professions and Understanding Cultural Concerns | |
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Introduction | |
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Cultural Views Regarding Modern Medical Practices | |
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Recruiting Diverse Healthcare Professionals | |
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Cultural Competence Continuum | |
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Cultural Destructiveness | |
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Cultural Incapacity | |
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Cultural Blindness | |
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Cultural Precompetence | |
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Cultural Competence | |
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Cultural Proficiency | |
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Cultural Competence Framework | |
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Parameters that Differentiate Cultures | |
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Purnell Model for Cultural Competence | |
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Learn Model | |
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Assumption Exercise | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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US Educational System and the Intersection of Cultural Competency and Health Literacy | |
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Introduction | |
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Educational Interventions in the United States | |
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Teach for America | |
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No Child Left Behind and Race to the Top | |
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Health Literacy | |
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Responsibility of Health Professionals | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Cultural Competency and the Need to Eliminate Health Disparities | |
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Introduction | |
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Health Disparities Defined | |
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An Historical Overview of Health Disparities | |
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Health Disparities and Minority Groups | |
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Immigration and Cultural Competency | |
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Cultural Competency as a Contributing Factor Toward Health Disparities | |
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The Role of Culturally Competent Health Professionals in Closing the Gap | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary! | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Cultural Competency and Assessment | |
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Introduction | |
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Attitudes | |
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Assessment | |
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Test-Retest Reliability | |
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Alternative form Reliability | |
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Internal Consistency Reliability | |
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Validity | |
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Cultural Competence Assessment Tool | |
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Importance of Valid and Reliable Assessment Tools | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Cultural Competence Training | |
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Introduction | |
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Significance of Cultural Competence Training | |
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Approaches to Training | |
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Elements to Ensure Successful Training Programs | |
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Cross-Cultural Education and Other Training Essentials | |
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Importance of Providing Key Terms Relevant to Cultural Competence | |
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Key Components of Cultural Competence Training | |
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Evaluation of Cultural Competence Training | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Case Studies | |
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Introduction | |
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Dental Hygienists | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Physical Therapists | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Occupational Therapists | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Speech-Language Therapists | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Pharmacists | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Radiology Technicians | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Emergency Medical Technicians | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Medical Records Technicians | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Physician Assistants | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Medical Assistants | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Nurses | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Dentists | |
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Case Study | |
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Comments | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Healthcare Reform and Economic Concerns Regarding Cultural Competency | |
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Introduction | |
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Interview | |
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Conclusion | |
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References | |
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Suggested Reading | |
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Psychosocial Impact of Culturally Incompetent Health Care | |
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Introduction | |
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What Exactly is Culture? | |
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Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism | |
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Prejudice | |
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Discrimination | |
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Racism | |
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Aversive Racism | |
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Racial Microaggresions | |
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Microassault | |
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Microinsult | |
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Microinvalidation | |
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Psychosocial Outcomes of Culturally Incompetent Care | |
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Clash of Racial Realities | |
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Invisibility of Unintentional Expressions of Bias | |
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Perceived Minimal Harm of Racial Microaggression | |
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Catch-22 of Responding to Microaggressions | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Health Professionals and the Paradigm Shift | |
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Introduction | |
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Need for a Paradigm Shift | |
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Expansion of Minority Markets | |
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Investing in Cultural Competence | |
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Business Aspect of Health Care | |
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Decreasing Malpractice Claims | |
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Enhanced Customer Service and Quality of Care | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services Standards: An Overview | |
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Introduction | |
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Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Standards | |
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Need for CLAS Standards and Action Plans for Administrators | |
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Qualitative Research | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Ultimate Challenge: Educational and Institutional Considerations for the Health Professions | |
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Introduction | |
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American Medical Association | |
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Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations | |
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Institute of Medicine | |
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Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality | |
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Sullivan Commission | |
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Necessary Educational Requirements | |
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Challenging Health Professionals | |
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Conclusion | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Chapter Problems | |
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References | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Cultural Competence Assessment Survey | |
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Executive Team and Management | |
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Cultural Competence Assessment Survey | |
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Staff | |
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Cultural Competence Assessment Survey | |
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Health Professionals | |
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Glossary of Important Terms | |
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Websites and Resources | |
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Cultural Competence and Other Relevant Websites | |
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Journal Articles and Books | |
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Cultural Competence Plan | |
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Cultural Competence Accreditation Information for Selected (Examples) Health Professions | |
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Individual and Cultural Differences | |
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Professional Practice Expectation: Communication | |
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Professional Practice Expectation: Cultural Competence | |
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Interaction and Personal Qualities | |
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Sample Focus Group Questions for Qualitative Cultural Competence Research | |
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Questions | |
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Acronyms | |
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Index | |