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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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The Authors | |
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Introduction | |
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Background | |
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The Human Body as a Sensor System | |
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Sensors in an Automobile | |
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Classification of Sensors | |
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Example of a Gas Sensor: The Taguchi Sensor | |
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The Sensor as a Passive or Active Element | |
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The Sensor as Part of a Measurement System | |
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Sensor Properties | |
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Historical Development of Sensors | |
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Sensor System | |
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References | |
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Questions | |
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Electrochemical Sensors | |
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Background | |
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Conductimetric Sensors | |
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Semiconducting Metal Oxide Sensors | |
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Background | |
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Electrical Properties of the Metal Oxide Semiconductor | |
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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Metal Oxide Semiconductor | |
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Metal Oxide Surface | |
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Surface or Space Charge Capacitance | |
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Accumulation and Inversion Layer | |
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Surface States and Surface Conductivity | |
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Metal Oxide Semiconductor Film Structure | |
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Gas-Semiconductor Film Interactions | |
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Chemiresistors | |
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Other Solid-State Electrochemical Gas Sensors | |
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Background | |
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Solid-State Capactitive Gas Sensors | |
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The MOS Capacitive Gas Sensor | |
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Micromachine Capacitive Polymer Gas Sensor | |
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Schottky Diode Type Gas Sensor | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Questions | |
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Piezoelectric Sensors | |
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Introduction | |
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Classification of Piezoelectric Sensors | |
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Piezoelectric Materials as Intelligent or Smart Materials | |
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The Piezoelectric Effect | |
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The Properties of Nonpiezoelectric and Piezoelectric Materials | |
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Mechanical Properties of Nonpiezoelectric Materials | |
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Electrical Properties of Nonpiezoelectric Materials | |
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Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Piezoelectric Materials | |
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The Piezoelectric Coupling Coefficient | |
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Piezoelectric Stress/Pressure Sensor | |
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Determination of the Magnitude of the Sensing Element Response in the Measurand Range for Different Piezoelectric Materials | |
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Equivalent Circuit for the Sensing Element | |
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Time Response for the Stress/Pressure Sensor | |
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Signal Conditioning System to Interface the Sensing Element Response to the Observer | |
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Sensing Element Output Interfaced Directly to the Display Device | |
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Sensing Element Interfaced to a Charge Amplifier and a Display Device | |
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The Choice of the Piezoelectric Material for the Sensing Element | |
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Sensor Construction | |
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Piezoelectric Mechanical Force Sensor | |
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Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor | |
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Piezoelectric Accelerometer | |
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Active Piezoelectric Sensors | |
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Bulk Acoustic Wave Sensor | |
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Bulk Acoustic Wave Sensor Response Measurement | |
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Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors | |
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References | |
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Questions | |
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Fiber Optic Sensors | |
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Introduction | |
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Background | |
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Theory | |
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Light Leaking and Absorption in the Fiber Optic Link | |
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Fiber Link and Materials | |
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Communication Applications | |
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Fiber Optic Sensors | |
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Fiber Optic Probes | |
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References | |
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Questions | |
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Thermal Sensors | |
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Introduction | |
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Resistance Thermometers | |
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Theory of Metal-Based Thermometers | |
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Properties of Metal-Based Thermometers | |
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Theory of Semiconductor-Based Thermometers | |
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Thermistor Properties | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Questions | |
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Magnetic Sensors | |
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Introduction | |
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Natural and Man-Made Magnetic Fields | |
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Materials Used in Magnetic Sensors | |
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Principles of Magnetic Sensors | |
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Solid-State Magnetic Sensors | |
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References | |
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Questions | |
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Index | |