Gail I. Smith is an associate professor and director of the Health Information Management Program at the University of Cincinnati. She has been a Health Information Management professional and educator for more than three decades, has served as a coding consultant for several years, and has written or co-authored several successful coding textbooks. Ms. Bowie is an active member of the American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) and previously served as a member of the organization's Board of Directors. She received her bachelor's degree from The Ohio State University and her master's degree in education from The College of Mt. St. Joseph.