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Preface | |
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Environmental Chemistry | |
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Introduction | |
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A Brief History of Environmental Regulation | |
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The 12 Principles of Green Chemistry | |
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Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Awards | |
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Real-World Examples of Green Chemistry | |
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Further Readings | |
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Websites of Interest Scientific American Feature Article | |
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Little Green Molecules | |
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PART I Atmospheric Chemistry and Air Pollution | |
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Stratospheric Chemistry | |
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The Ozone Layer Introduction | |
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The Physics and Chemistry of the Ozone Layer | |
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Box 1-1: The Steady-State Analysis of Atmospheric Reactions Catalytic Processes of Ozone Destruction | |
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Box 1-2: The Rates of Free-Radical Reactions | |
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Review Questions | |
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Additional Problems | |
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Further Readings | |
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Websites of Interest | |
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The Ozone Holes Introduction | |
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The Ozone Hole and Other Sites of Ozone Depletion | |
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Box 2-1: The Chemistry Behind Mid-Latitude Decreases in Stratospheric Ozone | |
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The Chemicals That Cause Ozone Destruction Green Chemistry | |
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The Replacement of CFC and Hydrocarbon | |
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Blowing Agents with Carbon Dioxide in Producing Foam Polystyrene Green Chemistry | |
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Harpin Technology—Eliciting Nature’s Own Defenses Against Diseases | |
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Review Questions Green Chemistry Questions Additional Problems | |
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Further Readings | |
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Websites of Interest | |
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The Chemistry of Ground-Level Air Pollution Introduction | |
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Box 3-1 The Interconversion of Gas Concentrations | |
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Urban Ozone: The Photochemical Smog Process | |
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Technological Control of Emissions Green Chemistry | |
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The Replacement of Organic Solvents with Supercritical and Liquid Carbon Dioxide | |
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Development of Surfactants for This Compound | |
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Green Chemistry | |
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Using Ionic Liquids to Replace Organic Solvents | |
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Cellulose, A Naturally Occurring Polymer Replacement for Petroleum-Derived Polymers | |
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Particulates in Air Pollution | |
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Air Quality Indices and Size Characteristics for Particulate Matter | |
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Box 3-2 Distribution of Particle Sizes in an Urban Air Sample | |
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Review Questions | |
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Green Chemistry Questions | |
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Additional Problems Further Readings | |
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Websites of Interest | |
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The Environmental and Health Consequences of Polluted Air—Outdoors and Indoors Introduction | |
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Acid Rain | |
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The Human Health Effects of Outdoor Air Pollutants | |
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Indoor Air Pollution | |
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Review Questions | |
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Additional Problems | |
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Further Readings | |
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Websites of Interest | |
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The Detailed Chemistry of the Atmosphere Introduction | |
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Box 5-1: Lewis Structures of Simple Free Radicals | |
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Tropospheric Chemistry | |
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Systematics of Stratospheric Chemistry Review Questions Additional Problems | |
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Further Readings | |
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Websites of Interest | |
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Environmental Instrumental Analysis I | |
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Instrumental Determination of NOX via Chemiluminescence | |
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PART II Energy and Climate Change | |
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The Greenhouse Effect | |
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Introduction | |
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The Mechanism of the Greenhouse Effect | |
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Box 6-1: A Simple Model of the Greenhouse Effect Molecular Vibrations | |
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Energy Absorption by Greenhouse Gases | |
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The Major Greenhouse Gases Green Chemistry | |
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Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in the Production of Computer Chips | |
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Box 6-2: Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Atmospheric Residence Time Other Greenhouse Gases | |
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Box 6-3: Determining the Emissions of “Old Carbon” Sources of Methane | |
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The Climate-Modifying Effects of Aerosols Global Warming to Date Box | |