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| Preface to the Third Edition | |
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| Preface to the Second Edition | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| Authors | |
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| Thermodynamics and Phase Diagrams | |
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| Equilibrium | |
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| Single-Component Systems | |
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| Gibbs Free Energy as a Function of Temperature | |
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| Pressure Effects | |
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| Driving Force for Solidification | |
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| Binary Solutions | |
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| Gibbs Free Energy of Binary Solutions | |
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| Ideal Solutions | |
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| Chemical Potential | |
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| Regular Solutions | |
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| Activity | |
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| Real Solutions | |
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| Ordered Phases | |
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| Intermediate Phases | |
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| Equilibrium in Heterogeneous Systems | |
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| Binary Phase Diagrams | |
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| Simple Phase Diagram | |
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| Systems with a Miscibility Gap | |
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| Ordered Alloys | |
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| Simple Eutectic Systems | |
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| Phase Diagrams Containing Intermediate Phases | |
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| Gibbs Phase Rule | |
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| Effect of Temperature on Solid Solubility | |
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| Equilibrium Vacancy Concentration | |
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| Influence of Interfaces on Equilibrium | |
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| Ternary Equilibrium | |
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| Additional Thermodynamic Relationships for Binary Solutions | |
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| Computation of Phase Diagrams | |
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| Pure Stoichiometric Substances | |
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| Solution Phases | |
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| Substitutional Solutions | |
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| Kinetics of Phase Transformations | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Diffusion | |
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| Atomic Mechanisms of Diffusion | |
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| Interstitial Diffusion | |
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| Interstitial Diffusion as a Random Jump Process | |
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| Effect of Temperature-Thermal Activation | |
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| Steady-State Diffusion | |
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| Nonsteady-State Diffusion | |
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| Solutions to the Diffusion Equation | |
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| Homogenization | |
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| Carburization of Steel | |
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| Substitutional Diffusion | |
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| Self-Diffusion | |
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| Vacancy Diffusion | |
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| Diffusion in Substitutional Alloys | |
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| Diffusion in Dilute Substitutional Alloys | |
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| Atomic Mobility | |
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| Tracer Diffusion in Binary Alloys | |
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| Diffusion in Ternary Alloys | |
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| High-Diffusivity Paths | |
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| Diffusion along Grain Boundaries and Free Surfaces | |
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| Diffusion along Dislocations | |
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| Diffusion in Multiphase Binary Systems | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Crystal Interfaces and Microstructure | |
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| Interfacial Free Energy | |
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| Solid/Vapor Interfaces | |
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| Boundaries in Single-Phase Solids | |
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| Low-Angle and High-Angle Boundaries | |
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| Special High-Angle Grain Boundaries | |
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| Equilibrium in Polycrystalline Materials | |
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| Thermally Activated Migration of Grain Boundaries | |
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| Kinetics of Grain Growth | |
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| Interphase Interfaces in Solids | |
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| Interface Coherence | |
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| Fully Coherent Interfaces | |
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| Semicoherent Interfaces | |
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| Incoherent Interfaces | |
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| Complex Semicoherent Interfaces | |
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| Second-Phase Shape: Interfacial Energy Effects | |
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| Fully Coherent Precipitates | |
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| Partially Coherent Precipitates | |
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| Incoherent Precipitates | |
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| Precipitates on Grain Boundaries | |
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| Second-Phase Shape: Misfit Strain Effects | |
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| Fully Coherent Precipitates | |
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| Incoherent Inclusions | |
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| Platelike Precipitates | |
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| Coherency Loss | |
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| Glissile Interfaces | |
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| Solid/Liquid Interfaces | |
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| Interface Migration | |
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| Diffusion-Controlled and Interface-Controlled Growth | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Solidification | |
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| Nucleation in Pure Metals | |
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| Homogeneous Nucleation | |
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| Homogeneous Nucleation Rate | |
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| Heterogeneous Nucleation | |
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| Nucleation of Melting | |
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| Growth of a Pure Solid | |
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| Continuous Growth | |
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| Lateral Growth | |
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| Heat Flow and Interface Stability | |
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| Alloy Solidification | |
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| Solidification of Single-Phase Alloys | |
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| Eutectic Solidification | |
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| Off-Eutectic Alloys | |
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| Peritectic Solidification | |
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| Solidification of Ingots and Castings | |
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| Ingot Structure | |
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| Segregation in Ingots and Castings | |
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| Continuous Casting | |
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| Solidification of Fusion Welds | |
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| Solidification during Quenching from the Melt | |
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| Metallic Glasses | |
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| Thermodynamics and Kinetics | |
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| Case Studies of some Practical Castings and Welds | |
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| Casting of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels | |
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| Casting of High-Speed Steels | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Diffusional Transformations in Solids | |
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| Homogeneous Nucleation in Solids | |
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| Heterogeneous Nucleation | |
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| Rate of Heterogeneous Nucleation | |
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| Precipitate Growth | |
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| Growth behind Planar Incoherent Interfaces | |
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| Diffusion-Controlled Lengthening of Plates or Needles | |
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| Thickening of Platelike Precipitates | |
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| Overall Transformation Kinetics: TTT Diagrams | |
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| Precipitation in Age-Hardening Alloys | |
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| Precipitation in Aluminum-Copper Alloys | |
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| Precipitation in Aluminum-Silver Alloys | |
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| Quenched-In Vacancies | |
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| Age Hardening | |
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| Spinodal Decomposition | |
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| Particle Coarsening | |
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| Precipitation of Ferrite from Austenite | |
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| Case Study: Ferrite Nucleation and Growth | |
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| Cellular Precipitation | |
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| Eutectoid Transformations | |
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| Pearlite Reaction in Fe-C Alloys | |
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| Bainite Transformation | |
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| Effect of Alloying Elements on Hardenability | |
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| Continuous Cooling Diagrams | |
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| Fibrous and Interphase Precipitation in Alloy Steels | |
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| Rule of Scheil | |
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| Massive Transformations | |
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| Ordering Transformations | |
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| Case Studies | |
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| Titanium Forging Alloys | |
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| Weldability of Low-Carbon and Microalloyed Rolled Steels | |
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| Very Low-Carbon Bainitic Steel with High Strength and Toughness | |
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| Very Fine Bainite | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Diffusionless Transformations | |
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| Characteristics of Diffusionless Transformations | |
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| Solid Solution of Carbon in Iron | |
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| Martensite Crystallography | |
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| Bain Model of the fcc (???) bct Transformation | |
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| Comparison of Crystallographic Theory with Experimental Results | |
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| Theories of Martensite Nucleation | |
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| Formation of Coherent Nuclei of Martensite | |
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| Role of Dislocations in Martensite Nucleation | |
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| Dislocation Strain Energy Assisted Transformation | |
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| Martensite Growth | |
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| Growth of Lath Martensite | |
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| Plate Martensite | |
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| Stabilization | |
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| Effect of External Stresses | |
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| Role of Grain Size | |
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| Premartensite Phenomena | |
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| Tempering of Ferrous Martensites | |
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| Case Studies | |
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| Carbon and Low-Alloy Quenched and Tempered Steels | |
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| Controlled Transformation Steels | |
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| TRIP-Assisted Steels | |
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| "Shape-Memory" Metal: Nitinol | |
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| Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Solutions to Exercises | |
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| Index | |