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Preface | |
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Introduction | |
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Foundational Concepts | |
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Basic Concepts of Electricity | |
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General Information Regarding the Field of Electronics | |
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Definition, Physical, and Chemical States of Matter | |
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Composition of Matter | |
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Structure of the Atom | |
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Concept of the Electron Theory | |
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Ions | |
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Energies That Change Electrical Balance | |
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Conductors, Semiconductors, and Insulators | |
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Sample of an Electrical System | |
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Basic Principles of Static Electricity | |
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Electrical Potential | |
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Charges in Motion | |
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Three Important Electrical Quantities | |
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Basic Electrical Circuit | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Review Questions | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Electrical Quantities and Components | |
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Basic Electrical Units and Abbreviations | |
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Using the Metric System to Help | |
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Conductors and Their Characteristics | |
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Resistors | |
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Resistor Color Code | |
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Measuring Voltage, Current, and Resistance with Meters | |
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Diagrams Used for Electronic Shorthand | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Review Questions | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Basic Circuit Analysis | |
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Ohm's Law | |
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Ohm's Law and Relationships between Electrical Quantities | |
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Three Common Arrangements for the Ohm's Law Equation | |
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Sample Application of Metric Prefixes and Powers of 10 | |
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Direction of Current Flow | |
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Polarity and Voltage | |
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Comparison of Circuit Current Directions from DC and AC Sources | |
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Work, Energy, and Power | |
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Measuring Electrical Energy Consumption | |
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Commonly Used Versions of Ohm's Law and Power Formulas | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Series Circuits | |
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Definition and Characteristics of a Series Circuit | |
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Resistance in Series Circuits | |
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Voltage in Series Circuits | |
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Kirchhoff's Voltage Law | |
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Power in Series Circuits | |
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Effects of Opens in Series Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Effects of Shorts in Series Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Designing a Series Circuit to Specifications | |
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Special Applications | |
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Critical Thinking and the SIMPLER Troubleshooting Sequence | |
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Introduction to Troubleshooting Skills | |
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The SIMPLER Sequence for Troubleshooting | |
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Troubleshooting Levels | |
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A "Systems" Approach to Troubleshooting | |
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Using the SIMPLER Sequence: (A Closer Look at Component-Level Troubleshooting) a Single-Component Example | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 1 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 2 | |
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Parallel Circuits | |
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Definition and Characteristics of a Parallel Circuit | |
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Voltage in Parallel Circuits | |
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Current in Parallel Circuits | |
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Kirchhoff's Current Law | |
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Resistance in Parallel Circuits | |
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Methods to Calculate Total Resistance (R[subscript T]) | |
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Power in Parallel Circuits | |
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Effects of Opens in Parallel Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Effects of Shorts in Parallel Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Similarities and Differences between Series and Parallel Circuits | |
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Designing a Parallel Circuit to Specifications | |
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Sources in Parallel | |
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Current Dividers | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 3 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 4 | |
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Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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What Is a Series-Parallel Circuit? | |
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Approaches to Recognize and Analyze Series and Parallel Circuit Portions | |
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Total Resistance in Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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Current in Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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Voltage in Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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Power in Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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Effects of Opens in Series-Parallel Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Effects of Shorts in Series-Parallel Circuits and Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Designing a Series-Parallel Circuit to Specifications | |
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Loaded Voltage Dividers | |
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The Wheatstone Bridge Circuit | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 5 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 6 | |
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Basic Network Theorems | |
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Some Important Terms | |
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Maximum Power Transfer Theorem | |
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Superposition Theorem | |
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Thevenin's Theorem | |
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Norton's Theorem | |
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Converting Norton and Thevenin Equivalent Parameters | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Network Analysis Techniques | |
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Assumed Loop or Mesh Current Analysis Approach | |
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Nodal Analysis Approach | |
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Conversions of Delta and Wye Networks | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Producing and Measuring Electrical Quantities | |
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Magnetism and Electromagnetism | |
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Background Information | |
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Fundamental Laws, Rules, and Terms to Describe Magnetism | |
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Elemental Electromagnetism | |
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Important Magnetic Units, Terms, Symbols, and Formulas | |
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Practical Considerations about Core Materials | |
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The B-H Curve | |
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The Hysteresis Loop | |
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Induction and Related Effects | |
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Faraday's Law | |
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Lenz's Law and Reciprocal Effects of Motors and Generators | |
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Some Practical Applications of Magnetism | |
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Other Topics Related to Magnetism | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Measuring Instruments | |
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Digital Multimeters (DMMs) | |
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Analog Multimeters (VOMs) | |
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Voltmeter Loading Effects | |
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Special Purpose Measuring Devices | |
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Troubleshooting Hints and Useful Measuring Techniques | |
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Closing Comments about Measuring Instruments | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Basic AC Quantities | |
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Background Information | |
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Generating an AC Voltage | |
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Rate of Change | |
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Introductory Information Summary Regarding AC Sine-Wave Signals | |
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Some Basic Sine-Wave Waveform Descriptors | |
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Period and Frequency | |
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Phase Relationships | |
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Important AC Sine-Wave Current and Voltage Values | |
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The Purely Resistive AC Circuit | |
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Other Periodic Waveforms | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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The Oscilloscope | |
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Background Information | |
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Key Sections of the Scope | |
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Combining Horizontal and Vertical Signals to View a Waveform | |
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Measuring Voltage and Determining Current with the Scope | |
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Using the Scope for Phase Comparisons | |
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Determining Frequency with the Scope | |
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A Test Device Often Used with Circuits and Scopes | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 7 | |
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Reactive Components | |
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Inductance | |
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Background Information | |
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Review of Faraday's and Lenz's Laws | |
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Self-Inductance | |
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Factors That Determine Inductance Value of Inductors | |
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Inductors in Series and Parallel | |
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Energy Stored in the Inductor's Magnetic Field | |
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The L/R Time Constant | |
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Using Epsilon ([epsilon]) to Help Calculate Circuit Parameters | |
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Summary Comments about Inductors | |
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Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Inductive Reactance in AC | |
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V and I Relationships in a Purely Resistive AC Circuit | |
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V and I Relationships in a Purely Inductive AC Circuit | |
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Concept of Inductive Reactance | |
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Relationship of X[subscript L] to Inductance Value | |
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Relationship of X[subscript L] to Frequency of AC | |
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Methods to Calculate X[subscript L] | |
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Inductive Reactances in Series and Parallel | |
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Summarizing Comments about Inductors Related to Inductive Reactance | |
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Inductor Q Factor | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 8 | |
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RL Circuits in AC | |
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Review of Simple R and L Circuits | |
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Using Vectors to Describe and Determine Magnitude and Direction | |
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Introduction to Basic AC Circuit Analysis Techniques | |
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Fundamental Analysis of Series RL Circuits | |
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Fundamental Analysis of Parallel RL Circuits | |
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Examples of Practical Applications for Inductors and RL Circuits | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 9 | |
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Basic Transformer Characteristics | |
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Background Information | |
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Coefficient of Coupling | |
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Mutual Inductance and Transformer Action | |
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Mutual Inductance between Coils Other Than Transformers | |
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Important Transformer Ratios | |
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Transformer Losses | |
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Characteristics of Selected Transformers | |
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Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Capacitance | |
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Definition and Description of a Capacitor | |
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The Electrostatic Field | |
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Charging and Discharging Action | |
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The Unit of Capacitance | |
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Energy Stored in Capacitor's Electrostatic Field | |
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Factors Affecting Capacitance Value | |
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Capacitance Formulas | |
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Total Capacitance in Series and Parallel | |
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Finding Voltage When Three or More Capacitors Are in Series | |
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The RC Time Constant | |
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Types of Capacitors | |
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Typical Color Codes | |
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Typical Problems and Troubleshooting Techniques | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 10 | |
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Capacitive Reactance in AC | |
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V and I Relationships in a Purely Resistive AC Circuit | |
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V and I Relationships in a Purely Capacitive AC Circuit | |
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Concept of Capacitive Reactance | |
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Relationship of X[subscript c] to Capacitance Value | |
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Relationship of X[subscript c] to Frequency of AC | |
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Methods to Calculate X[subscript c] | |
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Capacitive Reactances in Series and Parallel | |
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Voltages, Currents, and Capacitive Reactances | |
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Final Comments about Capacitors and Capacitive Reactance | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 11 | |
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RC Circuits in AC | |
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Review of Simple R and C Circuits | |
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Series RC Circuit Analysis | |
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Phase-Shift Applications of Series RC Networks | |
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Parallel RC Circuit Analysis | |
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Similarities and Differences between RC and RL Circuits | |
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Linear Waveshaping and Nonsinusoidal Waveforms | |
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Other Applications of RC Circuits | |
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Troubleshooting Hints and Considerations for RC Circuits | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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RLC Circuit Analysis | |
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Basic RLC Circuit Analysis | |
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The Series RLC Circuit | |
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The Parallel RLC Circuit | |
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Power in AC Circuits | |
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Rectangular and Polar Vector Analysis | |
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Algebraic Operations | |
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Application of Rectangular and Polar Analysis | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 12 | |
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Series and Parallel Resonance | |
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X[subscript L], X[subscript C], and Frequency | |
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Series Resonance Characteristics | |
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The Resonant Frequency Formula | |
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Some Resonance Curves | |
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Q and Resonant Rise of Voltage | |
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Parallel Resonance Characteristics | |
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Parallel Resonance Formulas | |
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Effect of a Coupled Load on the Tuned Circuit | |
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Q and the Resonant Rise of Impedance | |
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Selectivity, Bandwidth, and Bandpass | |
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Measurements Related to Resonant Circuits | |
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Special Notations about Single Components | |
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Filter Applications of Nonresonant and Resonant RLC Circuits | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 13 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 14 | |
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Introductory Devices and Circuits | |
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Semiconductor Materials and P-N Junctions | |
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Semiconductor Materials | |
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The P-N Junction | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Diodes and Diode Circuits | |
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Diodes | |
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Diode Models | |
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Rectifier Diodes | |
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Switching Diodes | |
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Sinusoidal Inputs | |
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Zener Diodes | |
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Other Types of Diodes | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 15 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 16 | |
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Power Supply Circuits | |
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Elements of Power Supply Circuits | |
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Rectifier Circuits | |
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Basic Power Supply Filters | |
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Simple Power Supply Regulators | |
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Basic Voltage Multiplier Circuits | |
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Advanced Power Supply Topics | |
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Troubleshooting Power Supplies | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 17 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 18 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 19 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 20 | |
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Bipolar Junction Transistors | |
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Basic Types of Transistors | |
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BJT Bias Voltages and Currents | |
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BJT Operation | |
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BJT Characteristic Curves | |
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An NPN Transistor Circuit Model | |
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Basic Uses of the BJT | |
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Other BJT Ratings | |
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Information for the Technician | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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BJT Amplifier Circuits | |
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Basic Concepts of Amplifiers | |
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Transistor Biasing Circuits | |
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Amplifier Circuit Configurations | |
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Classification by Signal Levels | |
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Classification by Class of Operation | |
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Analysis of BJT Amplifiers | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 21 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 22 | |
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Field-Effect Transistors and Circuits | |
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Junction Field-Effect Transistors | |
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MOS Field-Effect Transistors | |
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FET Handling Precautions | |
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Power FETs | |
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PET Summary | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Operational Amplifiers | |
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Background Information | |
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An Inverting Amplifier | |
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A Noninverting Amplifier | |
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Op-amp Input Modes | |
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Math Using Op-amp Circuits | |
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Special-Purpose Op-amp Circuits | |
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Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) Circuits | |
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Active Filter Circuits | |
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Digital Interface Circuits | |
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Future Trends in Electronics | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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MultiSIM Exercise | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 23 | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge: Challenge Circuit 24 | |
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Oscillators and Multivibrators | |
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Introduction to Oscillators | |
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LC Sine-Wave Oscillators | |
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Crystal Oscillators | |
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RC Sine-Wave Oscillators | |
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Multivibrators | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Thyristors | |
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Silicon-Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) | |
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Diacs | |
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Triacs | |
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Troubleshooting Thyristors | |
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Summary | |
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Review Questions | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Performance Projects Correlation Chart | |
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Optoelectronics | |
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Optical Sources (Photoemitters) | |
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Photo-Reactive Devices (Photodetectors) | |
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Opto-Isolators | |
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Fiber-Optic Cable Systems | |
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Optoelectronic Application Circuits | |
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Summary | |
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Formulas and Sample Calculator Sequences | |
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Using Excel | |
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Review Questions | |
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Problems | |
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Analysis Questions | |
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Color Codes | |
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Answers | |
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Troubleshooting Challenge Test Results | |
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Using the Excel Formulas Templates Files | |
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Copper-Wire Table | |
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Useful Conversion Factors | |
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Schematic Symbols | |
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Glossary | |
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Index | |