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| About the Author | |
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| Preface | |
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| The Interaction Between Ethics and The Criminal Justice System | |
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| The Importance of Ethics in Criminal Justice | |
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| The Meaning of Ethics | |
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| The Value of Ethics | |
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| Police Brutality in New Orleans | |
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| Police Brutality During Katrina | |
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| Normative Ethics | |
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| Ethical Relativism | |
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| Death Row Inmate Set Free | |
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| Cultural Relativism | |
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| Ethical Absolutism | |
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| Ethical Pluralism | |
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| Religion and Ethical Standards | |
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| Conduct Is Right Because God Commands It | |
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| God Commands Right Conduct Because It Is Right | |
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| Ethics and Natural Law | |
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| Ethics and Law | |
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| Ethical Dilemmas | |
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| Ethical Issues in Criminal Justice | |
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| Ethical Problems in the Use of Authority | |
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| Ethical Problems in the Relationship Between Personal and Professional Interests | |
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| Ethical Problems in Personal and Professional Commitments to Clients | |
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| Ethical Issues in Criminal Justice and Public Policy | |
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| Ethical Issues Resulting From Policing Policies | |
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| Ethical Problems in Information Sharing | |
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| Ethical Problems Dealing With Human Rights Issues in the Criminal Justice System | |
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| Ethical Issues in the Media Reporting of Crime | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Case | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Ethics and the Police | |
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| Ethics and Policing | |
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| The Nature of Policing | |
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| Police as an Institution | |
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| Police Culture | |
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| Police Discretion | |
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| Ethics and Codes of Ethics | |
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| Police Use of Force | |
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| Cop Gets 15 Years in Torture Case | |
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| Blowing the Whistle on Police Violence | |
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| Dirty Harry/Dirty Hands | |
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| Police Officer Shown Hitting Man With Baton on Video | |
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| Police Corruption | |
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| Conditions Contributing to Police Corruption | |
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| Combating Corruption | |
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| Whistle-Blowing | |
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| Punished for Whistle-Blowing? | |
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| Discrimination as Corruption | |
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| "Looking Mexican" | |
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| Racial Profiling: When Color Signals Dangerousness | |
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| Ethical Issues in Investigation, Interrogation, and Custody | |
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| Rights of Suspects | |
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| Privacy | |
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| Entrapment | |
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| Deception | |
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| Lying | |
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| Explanations for Police Corruption | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System | |
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| Ethical Background | |
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| Historical Context | |
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| Is There Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System? | |
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| Police Encounters With Citizens and Police Arrest | |
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| Bail | |
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| Jury Selection | |
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| In Dallas, Dismissal of Buck Jurors Leads to Appeal by Death Row Inmate | |
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| Conviction and Sentencing | |
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| Imprisonment Disparities | |
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| Death Penalty Disparities | |
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| Hate Crimes | |
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| Explanations for Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System | |
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| How Do We Explain the Existence of Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System? | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Lawyers and Ethics | |
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| Legal Ethics: Historical Context | |
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| The Nature of Professional Ethics | |
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| The Principle of Partisanship | |
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| The Principle of Neutrality | |
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| The Lawyer- Client Relationship | |
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| Confidentiality | |
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| Client Perjury | |
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| Client Crime | |
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| Buried Bodies Case | |
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| Defense Lawyers | |
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| The Prosecutor | |
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| The Duty to Ensure Justice Is Done | |
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| Prosecutor Misconduct | |
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| Discretion to Bring Charges | |
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| Prosecution Disclosure of Evidence to the Defense | |
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| Plea Bargaining | |
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| Prosecutorial Misconduct | |
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| Wrongful Conviction Payment | |
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| Convict's DNA Sways Labs, Not a Determined Prosecutor | |
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| Prosecutor Withholds Evidence | |
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| Release After 14 Years | |
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| Judicial Ethics | |
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| Ethical Rules Governing Judges | |
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| Prosecutor Says Tape Shows Brooklyn Judge Took a Bribe | |
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| Judge Receives 28-Year Sentence for Taking Bribes | |
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| Judicial Misfeasance | |
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| Federal Judges and Financial Interest Conflicts | |
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| Appearance of Partiality | |
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| Judicial Bribery | |
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| Gross Abuse of Power | |
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| Texas Judge Reprimanded | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| The Purpose of Criminal Punishment | |
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| What Is Punishment? | |
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| Theoretical Approaches to Punishment | |
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| Why Punish? The Philosophical Approach | |
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| The Nature of the Punishment: Corporal Punishment | |
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| Deterrence | |
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| Retribution | |
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| Just Deserts | |
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| Reconciling Utilitarian and Retributive Theories | |
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| Rehabilitation | |
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| Incapacitation | |
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| Restorative Justice | |
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| Why Punish? The Sociological Approach | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Ethics in Corrections | |
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| The Prison Explosion | |
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| Maximum Security | |
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| Women's Incarceration | |
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| Medium Security | |
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| Minimum Security | |
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| Stateville Prison: The Changing State of Corrections | |
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| Guarding Ethically | |
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| Male Prison Rape and "Deliberate Indifference" | |
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| The Experience of Guarding | |
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| Corruption of Authority | |
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| Power and Authority in Prison: Controlling the Inmates | |
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| The Battle for Compliance | |
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| Evaluating Guards | |
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| Rewards and Punishments | |
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| Enforcing Rule Violations | |
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| Informal Controls | |
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| Guarding With Discretion | |
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| The Gray Wall of Silence: Prison Guard Subculture | |
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| Subculture and Socialization | |
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| Guard Types | |
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| Use of Force | |
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| Sex Offenders and Use of Force | |
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| The Court's View of Correctional Officer Use of Force | |
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| Correctional Policy on the Use of Force | |
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| Prisoner "Power" | |
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| Unethical Situations | |
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| Rape in Prison | |
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| Rape in Prison | |
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| Transgender Experiences of Prison Rape | |
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| Guard Forces Transgender Inmate to Have Sex With Him | |
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| Transgender Prisoners | |
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| Corruption | |
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| Jail Guards Charged With Smuggling | |
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| Fixing a Drink in Prison | |
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| Ex-S.C. Correctional Officer Sentenced | |
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| Whistle-Blowing in Corrections 178 Ethical Considerations in Probation and Parole | |
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| Arming Probation Officers | |
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| Treatment or Control? | |
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| Parole | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| The Ethics of Criminal Justice Policy Making | |
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| The Ethics of Policy Making | |
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| An Example of Unethical Policy Making? | |
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| Morality Policy | |
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| Public Opinion About Punishment | |
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| Mandatory Minimum Sentencing | |
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| The War on Drugs | |
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| Truth in Sentencing | |
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| Predators and Superpredators | |
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| Sexual Predators | |
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| Superpredators | |
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| Capital Punishment | |
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| Public Opinion on Capital Punishment | |
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| Private Prisons | |
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| Private Prisons-A Good Policy Choice? | |
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| Disenfranchising Inmates of Their Voting Rights | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Ethics and the "War on Terrorism" | |
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| Defining Terrorism | |
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| Warfare or Crime Control? | |
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| What Are the Morally Justifiable Constraints and Restrictions That a Government Should Be Permitted to Impose on Its Citizens in a War on Terrorism? | |
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| What Moral Restrictions Apply to the Conduct of Counter-terrorist Operations? | |
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| Is Torture Morally Permissible as a Counterterrorist Strategy? | |
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| The Morality of Targeted Killing | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Media Ethics and Criminal Justice | |
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| Reporting the Truth | |
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| Avoiding Bias | |
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| Avoiding Harm | |
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| Serving the Public | |
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| Maintaining Trust | |
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| Manipulation | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Application of Ethical Theories to the Criminal Justice System | |
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| Duty and Principle | |
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| Hypothetical and Categorical Imperatives | |
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| The Principle of Universality | |
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| Respect for All Persons | |
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| Kingdom of Ends | |
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| Conflicting Duties | |
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| Applying Deontological Theory | |
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| Rough Justice in a Juvenile Institution | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Case | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Considering the Consequences | |
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| Pleasure and Happiness | |
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| Act Consequentialism | |
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| Rule Consequentialism | |
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| Public Policy and Utilitarianism | |
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| Arguments Criticizing Utilitarianism | |
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| Applying Utilitarian Theory | |
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| Good Friends Are Hard to Find | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Case | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| The Importance of Character | |
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| Virtues | |
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| Aristotle and Happiness | |
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| The Golden Mean | |
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| Practical Wisdom | |
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| What's Wrong With Virtue | |
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| Applying Virtue Theory | |
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| Profiling in the Neighborhood | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Case | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Egoism, Pleasure, and Indifference | |
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| Stoicism | |
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| Hedonism | |
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| Ethical Egoism | |
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| Psychological Egoism | |
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| Ethical Egoism | |
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| Applying the Theory of Ethical Egoism | |
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| Giving Your Own Punishment | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| A Sense of Justice | |
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| Application of the Principles | |
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| Justice as Fairness | |
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| Moral Development | |
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| Applying Rawlsian Theory | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Caring for Others | |
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| Kohlberg and Gilligan | |
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| A Theory of Moral Development | |
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| "In a Different Voice": Carol Gilligan | |
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| Gender and the Ethic of Care | |
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| An Ethic of Care | |
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| Developing the Ethic of Care | |
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| The Ethic of Care and Justice | |
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| Peacemaking | |
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| Applying the Ethic of Care | |
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| Tough Love | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discussion Case | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |