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Introduction | |
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Life Course Criminology | |
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Life Course Criminology | |
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Origins of Life Course Criminology | |
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The Criminal Career Approach | |
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What Is Life Course Criminology? | |
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Concepts and Issues in Life Course Criminology | |
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Life Course Theories of Criminal Behavior | |
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Theories of Stability and Change | |
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Developmental Trajectories and Typologies of Offenders | |
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Life Course Criminality | |
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The Stability of Criminal and Analogous Behavior | |
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What Do We Mean by the Stability of Criminal Behavior? | |
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How Is the Stability of Criminal Behavior Measured? | |
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Issues Related to the Measurement of Stability | |
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Empirical Findings on Stability | |
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Review of the Stability of Problem Behavior | |
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Conclusion | |
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Continuity in Antisocial Potential | |
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Continuity | |
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Heterotypic, Homotypic, and Cumulative Continuity | |
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State Dependence and Population Heterogeneity | |
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Sources of Continuity | |
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Genetic Continuity | |
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Person-Environment Interactions | |
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Conclusion | |
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Genetics and Crime | |
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Early Biological Explanations | |
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Biological Rejection | |
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The New Study of Biology and Behavior | |
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The Behavioral Genetic Study of Criminality | |
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Conclusion | |
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Introduction to Brain Structure and Basic Functions: Part I: The Hindbrain, Midbrain, and Limbic Structures in the Development of Criminality | |
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Brain Development and Structure | |
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Conclusion | |
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Introduction to Brain Structure and Basic Functions: Part II: Forebrain Formation, Trauma, and Criminal Behavior | |
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Forebrain: Cortical Region | |
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Conclusion | |
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Concepts and Issues in Neuropsychological Functioning | |
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Basic Structure and Functioning of Our Nervous System | |
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Nervous System Functioning and Criminality | |
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Hormones and Their Effect on Physiology and Behavior | |
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Integrating Concepts of Physiology and Environment | |
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Conclusion | |
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Gender Differences in Brain Processes and Laterality | |
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Gender Differences in Hemispheric Lateralization | |
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The Influence of Androgens (Male Hormones) | |
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A Developmental Theory for Gender Differences in Criminality | |
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Conclusion | |
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Individuals and Their Social World | |
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There Is Variation Left Unexplained by Genetic Influences | |
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Brain Plasticity Is Environmentally Influenced | |
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The Correlation and Interaction Between Genes and the Environment | |
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Developmental Risk Factors | |
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Effects of Alchohol and Drugs on Fetal Development | |
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Prenatal Exposure to Nicotine | |
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Biosocial Issues in Development | |
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Activity of Nervous System: Sensation Seeking | |
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Deficits in Neuropsychological Functioning | |
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Inidividuals in Their Environment | |
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Prepubescence: Infancy and Childhood | |
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What Do We Mean by Problem Behavior in Infancy and Childhood? | |
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The Prevalence and Frequency of Problem Behavior in Infancy and Childhood | |
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Continuity in Problem Behaviors Over Time | |
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Postpubescence: Adolescence and Adulthood | |
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What Is Adolescence, and Why Did We Include Adulthood? | |
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Sexual Maturation and Human Development | |
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The Effects of Sexual Maturation | |
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Adolescent Development | |
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Adult Criminals | |
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Policy Recommendations | |
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Contextual Factors | |
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Prior to Birth | |
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At Birth | |
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After Birth | |
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Child Development | |
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Adolescence | |
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Adulthood | |
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Caveats | |
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Closing Thoughts | |
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Index | |
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About the Authors | |