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List of Strategies to Consider | |
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About the Author | |
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Preface to the Second Edition | |
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Acknowledgements | |
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Introduction | |
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Who Are Special Needs Students? | |
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Can Brain Research Help? | |
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What Is in This Book? | |
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A Word of Caution | |
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The Brain and Learning | |
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Some Exterior Parts of the Brain | |
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Lobes of the Brain | |
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Motor Cortex and Somatosensory Cortex | |
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Cerebellum | |
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Some Interior Parts of the Brain | |
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Brainstem | |
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Limbic Area | |
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Cerebrum | |
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Brain Cells | |
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Learning and Retention | |
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Implications for Students With Learning Disabilities | |
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Rehearsal | |
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Learning Motor Skills | |
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How Different Are the Brains of Today's Students? | |
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The Search for Novelty | |
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Have Schools Changed to Deal With This Different Brain? | |
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When Learning Difficulties Arise | |
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Research Examines Learning Disabilities | |
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Possible Causes of Learning Disabilities | |
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Gender Differences | |
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What Forms of Instruction Are Most Effective? | |
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Misconceptions About Learning Disabilities | |
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Gifted Children With Learning Disabilities | |
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Responsiveness to Intervention | |
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Key Elements of Responsiveness to Intervention | |
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Helping Students Become Strategic Learners | |
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What Is Learning? | |
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Learning Difficulties of Students With Learning Disabilities | |
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What Are Learning Strategies? | |
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How Important Is Self-Esteem? | |
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Attention Disorders | |
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Research Findings | |
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What Is Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)? | |
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What Causes ADHD? | |
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Is ADHD Inherited? | |
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IS ADHD on the Increase? | |
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Is it Possible to Have ADHD-Like Behavior and Not Have ADHD? | |
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The Future of ADHD Research and Treatment | |
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What Educators Need to Consider | |
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Speech Disabilities | |
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Learning Spoken Language | |
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Is Language Prewired in the Brain? | |
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Speech and Language Patterns by Age | |
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Putting the Language Components Together | |
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Problems in Learning Spoken Language | |
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Language Problems With Children and Adolescents | |
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Language Deficits and Learning a Second Language | |
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The Future of Speech-Language Disorders Research | |
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What Educators Need to Consider | |
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Reading Disabilities | |
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Learning to Read | |
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Is Reading a Natural Ability? | |
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Spoken Language and Reading | |
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Decoding and Comprehension | |
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Difficulties in Learning to Read | |
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Social and Cultural Causes of Reading Problems | |
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Physical Causes of Reading Problems | |
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Is Dyslexia Present in Readers of Other Languages? | |
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Brain Imaging Studies and Dyslexia | |
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Detecting Reading Problems | |
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Spoken Language Difficulties | |
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Early Indicators of Reading Problems | |
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What Educators Need to Consider | |
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What Teachers Should Know About Teaching Reading | |
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What Beginning Readers Need to Learn | |
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Some Effective Reading Intervention Programs | |
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Writing Disabilities | |
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Learning to Write | |
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Difficulties in Writing | |
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Environmental Causes | |
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Neurological Causes | |
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Dysgraphia | |
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What Educators Need to Consider | |
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Characterisitics of Good Writing | |
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Helping Students With Dysgraphia | |
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Mathematical Disabilities | |
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Learning to Calculate | |
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Numerical Reasoning Independent of Language | |
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Gender Differences in Mathematics | |
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Difficulties in Mathematics | |
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Dyscalculia | |
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The Future of Research in Mathematics Disorders | |
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What Educators Need to Consider | |
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Determining the Source of the Problem | |
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Diagnostic Tools for Assessing Learning Difficulties in Mathematics | |
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Other Considerations | |
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Emotional and Behavioral Disorders | |
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Emotions, Behavior, and Learning | |
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Pathways of Emotional Signals | |
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Different Brain Areas for Different Emotions | |
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First Survival and Emotions, Then the Textbook | |
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Emotional and Behavioral Disorders | |
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Anxiety Disorders | |
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Depressive Disorders | |
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Other Emotional and Behavioral Disorders | |
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Impact of Childhood Abuse | |
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The Future of Research in Emotional and Behavioral Disorders | |
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What Educators Need to Consider | |
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Autism Spectrum Disorders | |
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Pervasive Developmental Disorders | |
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Autism Spectrum Disorders | |
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The Future of Research on Autism Spectrum Disorders | |
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What Educators Need to Consider | |
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Putting It All Together | |
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Helping Students With Learning Difficulties | |
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Identifying Students With Learning Difficulties | |
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Accommodating Students With Learning Difficulties | |
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Motivating Students With Learning Difficulties | |
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Communicating With Parents | |
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Glossary | |
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References | |
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Resources | |
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Index | |