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List of Figures | |
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Notes on Editors | |
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Personal Acknowledgments | |
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Text Acknowledgments | |
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Introduction | |
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Unit 1 The Ancient and Medieval Periods | |
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Atoms and Empty Space | |
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Letter to Herodotus | |
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The Paradoxes of Motion | |
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Plato�s Cosmology | |
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The Structure and Motion of the Heavenly Spheres | |
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Change, Natures, and Causes | |
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Scientific Inference and the Knowledge of Essential Natures | |
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The Cosmos and the Shape and Size of the Earth | |
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The Divisions of Nature and the Divisions of Knowledge | |
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On Methods of Inference | |
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The Explanatory Power of Atomism | |
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The Earth: Its Size, Shape, and Immobility | |
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The Weaknesses of Hypotheses | |
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Projectile Motion | |
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Free Fall | |
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Against the Reality of Epicycles and Eccentrics | |
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Impetus and its Applications | |
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The Possibility of a Rotating Earth | |
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Unit 2 The Scientific Revolution | |
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The Nature and Grounds of the Copernican System | |
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The Unsigned Letter | |
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The Motion of the Earth | |
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The New Star | |
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A Man Ahead of His Time | |
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On Arguments about a Moving Earth | |
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Eight Minutes of Arc | |
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Tradition and Experience | |
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A Moving Earth Is More Probable Than the Alternative | |
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The Ship and the Tower | |
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The Copernican View Vindicated | |
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The "Corpuscular" Philosophy | |
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Successful Hypotheses and High Probability | |
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Inductive Methodology | |
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Space, Time, and the Elements of Physics | |
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Four Rules of Reasoning | |
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General Scholium | |
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The System of the World | |
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Unit 3 The Modern Period | |
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The Inductive Method | |
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Rules for the Discovery of Scientific Truth | |
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Rationalism and Scientific Method | |
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Human Knowledge: Its Scope and Limits | |
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The Principle of Least Action | |
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Space, Time, and Symmetry | |
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The Problem of Induction | |
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The Nature of Cause and Effect | |
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The Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science | |
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Unit 4 Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century | |
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The Nature of Scientific Explanation | |
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Determinism, Ignorance, and Probability | |
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Hypotheses, Data, and Crucial Experiments | |
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An Empiricist Account of Scientific Discovery | |
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Against Pure Empiricism | |
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The Causes Behind the Phenomena | |
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Catastrophist Geology | |
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Uniformitarian Geology | |
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The Explanatory Scope of the Evolutionary Hypothesis | |
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Induction as a Self-Correcting Process | |
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The Nature of Abduction | |
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The Role of Hypotheses in Physical Theory | |
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Against Crucial Experiments | |
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On the Method of Theoretical Physics | |
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Introduction | |
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Unit 5 Positivism and the Received View | |
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Theory and Observation | |
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Scientific Explanation | |
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Empiricism, Semantics, and Ontology | |
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The Pragmatic Vindication of Induction | |
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Dissolving the Problem of Induction | |
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Unit 6 After the Received View: Confirmation and Observation | |
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Empiricist Criteria of Cognitive Significance: Problems and Changes | |
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The Raven Paradox | |
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Two Dogmas of Empiricism | |
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The New Riddle of Induction | |
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What Theories Are Not | |
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On Observation | |
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The Ontological Status of Theoretical Entities | |
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Unit 7 After the Received View | |
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Science: Conjectures and Refutations | |
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The Structure of Scientific Revolutions | |
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Science and Pseudoscience | |
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Unit 8 After the Received View: Explanation | |
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Counterexamples to the D-N and I-S Models of Explanation | |
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The Statistical Relevance Model of Explanation | |
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Why Ask, "Why"? | |
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Explanatory Unification | |
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Unit 9 After the Received View: The Realism Debate | |
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The Current Status of Scientific Realism | |
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A Confutation of Convergent Realism | |
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Constructive Empiricism | |
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The Natural Ontological Attitude | |
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