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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Series Editor's Preface | |
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| Preface | |
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| List of Figures | |
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| List of Tables | |
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| Sociolinguistics as Language Variation and Change | |
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| Sociolinguistics | |
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| The Linguistic Variable | |
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| Linguistic Change | |
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| The Principle of Accountability | |
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| Circumscribing the Variable Context | |
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| Evolution of the Linguistic Variable | |
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| The Importance of Accountability | |
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| Language Variation and Change and Linguistic Theory | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Social Patterns | |
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| Social Class | |
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| Sex (or Gender) | |
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| Style and Register | |
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| Mobility in Space and Mobility in Class | |
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| Social Network, Communities of Practice | |
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| Ethnicity and Culture | |
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| The Mass Media | |
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| Age | |
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| Types of Change | |
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| Principles of Linguistic Change | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Linguistic Patterns | |
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| Sound Change | |
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| Morphological Change | |
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| Syntactic Change | |
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| Semantic Change | |
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| Grammaticalization | |
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| Lexical Effects | |
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| Exemplar Theory | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Data and Method | |
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| The Speech Community | |
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| Corpus Building | |
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| Creating Sociolinguistic Corpora | |
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| The Individual and the Group | |
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| Constructing an LVC Study | |
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| Research Ethics | |
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| The Gold - Your Data | |
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| The Real World | |
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| Quantitative Analysis | |
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| The Quantitative Paradigm | |
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| Distributional Analysis | |
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| Statistical Modeling | |
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| The Three Lines of Evidence | |
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| The Case Study -Variable (that) | |
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| Goldvarb Logistic Regression | |
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| Challenging the Variable Rule Program | |
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| Drawbacks to the Variable Rule Program | |
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| New Toolkits for Variationist Sociolinguistics | |
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| Summary | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Comparative Sociolinguistics | |
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| Comparison | |
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| The Comparative Method | |
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| Comparison in Origins | |
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| Comparison in Language Contact | |
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| Standards for Comparison | |
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| Variable (did) | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Phonological Variables | |
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| Variable (t,d) | |
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| Variable (ing) | |
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| Tips for Studying Phonological Variables | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Morpho-Syntactic Variables | |
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| Verbal (s) | |
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| Adverb (ly) | |
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| Modal (have to) | |
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| Studying Morpho-Syntactic Variables | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Discourse/Pragmatic Features | |
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| General Extenders | |
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| Studying the Discourse/Pragmatic Variable | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Tense/Aspect Variables | |
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| Grammaticalization and Tense/Aspect Variables | |
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| Future (going to) | |
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| Perfect (have) | |
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| Studying Tense/Aspect Variables | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Other Variables | |
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| Variable (come) | |
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| Variable (Intensifiers) | |
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| Language and the Internet | |
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| Studying Unusual Variables | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Sociolinguistic Explanations | |
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| What Are the Constraints on Change? | |
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| How Does Language Change? | |
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| How Is a Change Embedded in Social and Linguistic Systems? | |
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| Evaluation of a Change | |
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| Statistical Modeling | |
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| Traditional Explanations | |
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| The Principle of Interaction | |
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| Corpora Cited | |
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| Time Periods in the History of English | |
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| References | |
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| Subject Index | |
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| Index of Linguistic Variables | |