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Preface | |
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To the Student | |
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Foundation DC Concepts | |
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Introduction | |
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Introduction | |
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The SI System of Units | |
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Converting Units | |
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Power of Ten Notation | |
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Prefixes | |
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Circuit Diagrams | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Voltage and Current | |
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Atomic Theory Review | |
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The Unit of Electrical Charge: The Coulomb | |
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Voltage | |
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Current | |
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Practical DC Voltage Sources | |
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Measuring Voltage and Current | |
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Switches, Fuses, and Circuit Breakers | |
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Problems | |
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Resistance | |
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Resistance of Conductors | |
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Electrical Wire Tables | |
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Resistance of Wires--Circular Mils | |
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Temperature Effects | |
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Types of Resistors | |
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Color Coding of Resistors | |
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Measuring Resistance--The Ohmmeter | |
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Thermistors | |
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Photoconductive Cells | |
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Nonlinear Resistance | |
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Conductance | |
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Superconductors | |
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Problems | |
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Ohm's Law, Power, and Energy | |
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Ohm's Law | |
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Voltage Polarity and Current Direction | |
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Power | |
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Power Direction Convention | |
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Energy | |
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Efficiency | |
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Nonlinear and Dynamic Resistances | |
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Computer-Aided Circuit Analysis | |
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Problems | |
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Basic DC Analysis | |
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Series Circuits | |
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Series Circuits | |
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Kirchhoff's Voltage Law | |
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Resistors in Series | |
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Voltage Sources in Series | |
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Interchanging Series Components | |
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The Voltage Divider Rule | |
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Circuit Ground | |
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Voltage Subscripts | |
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Internal Resistance of Voltage Sources | |
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Ammeter Loading Effects | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Parallel Circuits | |
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Parallel Circuits | |
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Kirchhoff's Current Law | |
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Resistors in Parallel | |
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Voltage Sources in Parallel | |
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Current Divider Rule | |
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Analysis of Parallel Circuits | |
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Voltmeter Loading Effects | |
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Computer Analysis | |
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Problems | |
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Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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The Series-Parallel Network | |
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Analysis of Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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Applications of Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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Potentiometers | |
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Loading Effects of Instruments | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Methods of Analysis | |
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Constant-Current Sources | |
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Source Conversions | |
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Current Sources in Parallel and Series | |
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Branch-Current Analysis | |
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Mesh (Loop) Analysis | |
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Nodal Analysis | |
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Delta-Wye (Pi-Tee) Conversion | |
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Bridge Networks | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Network Theorems | |
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Superposition Theorem | |
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Thevenin's Theorem | |
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Norton's Theorem | |
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Maximum Power Transfer Theorem | |
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Substitution Theorem | |
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Millman's Theorem | |
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Reciprocity Theorem | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Capacitance and Inductance | |
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Capacitors and Capacitance | |
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Capacitance | |
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Factors Affecting Capacitance | |
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Electric Fields | |
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Dielectrics | |
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Nonideal Effects | |
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Types of Capacitors | |
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Capacitors in Parallel and Series | |
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Capacitor Current and Voltage | |
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Energy Stored by a Capacitor | |
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Capacitor Failures and Troubleshooting | |
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Problems | |
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Capacitor Charging, Discharging, and Simple Waveshaping Circuits | |
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Introduction | |
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Capacitor Charging Equations | |
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Capacitor with an Initial Voltage | |
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Capacitor Discharging Equations | |
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More Complex Circuits | |
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An RC Timing Application | |
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Pulse Response of RC Circuits | |
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Transient Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Magnetism and Magnetic Circuits | |
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The Nature of a Magnetic Field | |
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Electromagnetism | |
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Flux and Flux Density | |
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Magnetic Circuits | |
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Air Gaps, Fringing, and Laminated Cores | |
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Series Elements and Parallel Elements | |
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Magnetic Circuits with DC Excitation | |
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Magnetic Field Intensity and Magnetization Curves | |
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Ampere's Circuital Law | |
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Series Magnetic Circuits: Given [Phi], Find NI | |
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Series-Parallel Magnetic Circuits | |
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Series Magnetic Circuits: Given NI, Find [Phi] | |
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Force Due to an Electromagnet | |
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Properties of Magnetic Materials | |
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Measuring Magnetic Fields | |
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Problems | |
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Inductance and Inductors | |
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Electromagnetic Induction | |
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Induced Voltage and Induction | |
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Self-Inductance | |
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Computing Induced Voltage | |
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Inductances in Series and Parallel | |
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Practical Considerations | |
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Inductance and Steady State DC | |
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Energy Stored by an Inductance | |
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Inductor Troubleshooting Hints | |
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Problems | |
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Inductive Transients | |
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Introduction | |
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Current Buildup Transients | |
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Interrupting Current in an Inductive Circuit | |
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De-energizing Transients | |
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More Complex Circuits | |
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RL Transients Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Foundation AC Concepts | |
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AC Fundamentals | |
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Introduction | |
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Generating AC Voltages | |
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Voltage and Current Conventions for AC | |
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Frequency, Period, Amplitude, and Peak Value | |
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Angular and Graphic Relationships for Sine Waves | |
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Voltage and Currents as Functions of Time | |
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Introduction to Phasors | |
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AC Waveforms and Average Value | |
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Effective (RMS) Values | |
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Rate of Change of a Sine Wave (Derivative) | |
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AC Voltage and Current Measurement | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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R, L, and C Elements and the Impedance Concept | |
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Complex Number Review | |
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Complex Numbers in AC Analysis | |
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R, L, and C Circuits with Sinusoidal Excitation | |
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Resistance and Sinusoidal AC | |
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Inductance and Sinusoidal AC | |
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Capacitance and Sinusoidal AC | |
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The Impedance Concept | |
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Computer Analysis of AC Circuits | |
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Problems | |
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Power in AC Circuits | |
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Introduction | |
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Power to a Resistive Load | |
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Power to an Inductive Load | |
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Power to a Capacitive Load | |
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Power in More Complex Circuits | |
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Apparent Power | |
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The Relationship Between P, Q, and S | |
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Power Factor | |
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AC Power Measurement | |
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Effective Resistance | |
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Energy Relationships for AC | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Impedance Networks | |
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AC Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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Ohm's Law for AC Circuits | |
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AC Series Circuits | |
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Kirchhoff's Voltage Law and the Voltage Divider Rule | |
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AC Parallel Circuits | |
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Kirchhoff's Current Law and the Current Divider Rule | |
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Series-Parallel Circuits | |
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Frequency Effects | |
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Applications | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Methods of AC Analysis | |
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Dependent Sources | |
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Source Conversion | |
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Mesh (Loop) Analysis | |
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Nodal Analysis | |
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Delta-to-Wye and Wye-to-Delta Conversions | |
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Bridge Networks | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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AC Network Theorems | |
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Superposition Theorem--Independent Sources | |
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Superposition Theorem--Dependent Sources | |
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Thevenin's Theorem--Independent Sources | |
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Norton's Theorem--Independent Sources | |
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Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems for Dependent Sources | |
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Maximum Power Transfer Theorem | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Resonance | |
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Series Resonance | |
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Quality Factor, Q | |
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Impedance of a Series Resonant Circuit | |
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Power, Bandwidth, and Selectivity of a Series Resonant Circuit | |
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Series-to-Parallel RL and RC Conversion | |
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Parallel Resonance | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Filters and the Bode Plot | |
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The Decibel | |
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Multistage Systems | |
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Simple RC and RL Transfer Functions | |
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The Low-Pass Filter | |
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The High-Pass Filter | |
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The Band-Pass Filter | |
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The Band-Reject Filter | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Transformers and Coupled Circuits | |
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Introduction | |
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Iron-Core Transformers: The Ideal Model | |
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Reflected Impedance | |
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Transformer Ratings | |
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Transformer Applications | |
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Practical Iron-Core Transformers | |
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Transformer Tests | |
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Voltage and Frequency Effects | |
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Loosely Coupled Circuits | |
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Magnetically Coupled Circuits with Sinusoidal Excitation | |
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Coupled Impedance | |
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Circuit Analysis Using Computers | |
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Problems | |
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Foundation Electronic Concepts | |
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Introduction to Semiconductors | |
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Semiconductor Basics | |
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Conduction in Semiconductors | |
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Doping | |
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The p-n Junction | |
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The Biased p-n Junction | |
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Other Considerations | |
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Problems | |
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Diode Theory and Application | |
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Diode Models | |
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Diode Characteristic Curve | |
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Diode Data Sheets | |
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Temperature Considerations and Other Effects | |
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The Zener Diode | |
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The Varactor Diode | |
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Half-Wave and Full-Wave Rectifier Circuits | |
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Power Supply Filtering | |
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Computer Analysis | |
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Problems | |
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Basic Transistor Theory | |
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Transistor Construction | |
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Transistor Operation | |
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Transistor Specifications | |
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Collector Characteristic Curves | |
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dc Load Line | |
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Transistor Biasing | |
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The Transistor Switch | |
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Testing a Transistor with a Multimeter | |
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Junction Field Effect Transistor Construction and Operation | |
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JFET Biasing | |
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MOSFETs | |
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Troubleshooting a Transistor Circuit | |
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Computer Analysis of Transistor Circuits | |
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Problems | |
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Transistor Amplifiers | |
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The Use of Capacitors in Amplifier Circuits | |
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BJT Small-Signal Models | |
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Calculating A[subscript v], z[subscript in], z[subscript out], and A[subscript i] of a Transistor Amplifier | |
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The Common-Emitter Amplifier | |
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The ac Load Line | |
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The Common-Collector Amplifier | |
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The FET Small-Signal Model | |
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The Common-Source Amplifier | |
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The Common-Drain (Source Follower) Amplifier | |
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Troubleshooting a Transistor Amplifier Circuit | |
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Computer Analysis of Transistor Amplifier Circuits | |
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Problems | |
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Operational Amplifiers | |
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Introduction to the Operational Amplifier | |
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The Differential Amplifier and Common-Mode Signals | |
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Negative Feedback | |
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The Inverting Amplifier | |
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The Non-Inverting Amplifier | |
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Op-Amp Specifications | |
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Troubleshooting an Op-Amp Circuit | |
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Computer Analysis of Op-Amp Circuits | |
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Problems | |
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Applications of Op-Amps | |
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Comparators | |
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Voltage Summing Amplifier | |
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Integrators and Differentiators | |
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Instrumentation Amplifiers | |
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Active Filters | |
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Voltage Regulation | |
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Computer Analysis | |
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Problems | |
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Oscillators | |
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Basics of Feedback | |
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The Relaxation Oscillator | |
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The Wien Bridge Oscillator | |
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The Phase-Shift Oscillator | |
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LC Oscillators | |
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Crystal Oscillators | |
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The 555 Timer | |
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The Voltage Controlled Oscillator--VCO | |
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Computer Analysis | |
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Problems | |
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Thyristors and Optical Devices | |
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Introduction to Thyristors | |
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Triggering Devices | |
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Silicon-Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) | |
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Triacs | |
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Power Control Fundamentals | |
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Introduction to Optical Devices | |
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Photodetectors | |
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Optocouplers | |
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Semiconductor LASERs | |
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Computer Analysis | |
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Problems | |
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PSpice and MultiSIM | |
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Solution of Simultaneous Linear Equations | |
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Maximum Power Transfer Theorem | |
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Answers to Odd-Numbered Problems | |
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Glossary | |
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Index | |