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| Preface | |
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| Basic Concepts | |
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| Science, Politics, and Ethics | |
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| Discussion: Global Climate Change | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction: Why Philosophy? | |
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| Science and Ethics | |
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| Philosophy, Politics, and Ethical Relativism | |
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| Environmental Ethics: An Overview | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Ethical Theories and the Environment | |
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| Discussion: Why Protect Endangered Species? | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Philosophial Ethics: Getting Comfortable with the Topic | |
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| The Natural Law Tradition-Teleology and Virtues | |
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| Contemporary Perspectives on Teleology | |
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| The Utilitarian Tradition | |
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| Contemporary Perspectives on Utilitarianism | |
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| Deontology: An Ethics of Duty and Rights | |
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| Contemporary Perspectives on Deontological Ethics | |
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| Environmental Ethics and Religious Principles | |
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| The Good of God's Creation | |
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| Finding the Divine in Nature | |
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| The Ultimate Respect for and Value of Life | |
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| Social Justice Ministries | |
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| Stewardship | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Environmental Ethics as Applied Ethics | |
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| Ethics and Economics: Managing Public Lands | |
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| Discussion: BP's Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Conservation or Preservation? | |
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| Managing the National Forests | |
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| Pollution and Economics | |
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| Ethical Issues in Economic Analysis | |
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| Cost-Benefit Analysis | |
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| Ethical Analysis and Environmental Economics | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Sustainability and Responsibilities to the Future | |
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| Discussion: Sustainability: Fad or Future? | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Do We Have Responsibilities to Future Generations? | |
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| What do We Owe Future Generations? | |
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| Consumption and Sustainable Development | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Responsibilities to the Natural World: From Anthropocentric to Nonanthropocentric Ethics | |
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| Discussion: Industrial Farming: Mass Producing Animals as Food | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Moral Standing in the Western Tradition | |
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| Early Environmental Ethics | |
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| Moral Standing | |
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| Do Trees Have Standing? | |
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| Peter Singer and the Animal Liberation Movement | |
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| Tom Regan and Animal Rights | |
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| Ethical Implications of Animal Welfare | |
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| Critical Challenges | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Theories of Environmental Ethics | |
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| Biocentric Ethics and the Inherent Value of Life | |
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| Discussion: Synthetic Biology and the Value of Life | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Instrumental Value and Intrinsic Value | |
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| Biocentric Ethics and the Reverence for Life | |
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| Ethics and Character | |
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| Taylor's Biocentric Ethics | |
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| Practical Implications | |
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| Challenges and Developments | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Wilderness, Ecology, and Ethics | |
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| Discussion: Wilderness Management: Fighting Fires in Yellowstone | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Wilderness Ideal | |
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| The Wilderness "Myth": The Contemporary Debate | |
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| From Ecology to Philosophy | |
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| From Ecology to Ethics | |
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| Varieties of Holism | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| The Land Ethic | |
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| Discussion: Hunting, Ethics, and the Environment | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Land Ethic | |
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| Leopold's Holism | |
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| Criticisms of the Land Ethic: Facts and Values | |
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| Criticisms of the Land Ethic: Holistic Ethics | |
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| Callicott's Revisions | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Radical Environmental Philosophy: Deep Ecology and Ecofeminism | |
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| Discussion: Environmental Activism or Ecoterrorism? | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Deep Ecology | |
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| The Deep Ecology Platform | |
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| Metaphysical Ecology | |
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| From Metaphysics to Ethics | |
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| Self-Realization And Biocentric Equality | |
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| Criticisms of Deep Ecology | |
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| Ecofeminism: Making Connections | |
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| Ecofeminism: Recent Developments | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Environmental Justice and Social Ecology | |
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| Discussion: Environmental Refugees | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Property Rights and Libertarian Justice | |
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| Justice as Fairness | |
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| Environmental Justice and Environmental Racism | |
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| Murray Bookchin's Social Ecology | |
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| Critical Reflections | |
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| Summary and Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Pluralism, Pragmatism, and Sustainability | |
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| Discussion: Carbon Mitigation and Stabilization Wedges | |
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| Discussion Topics | |
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| Introduction: Agreement and Disagreement in Environmental Ethics | |
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| Moral Pluralism and Moral Monism | |
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| Environmental Pragmatism | |
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| Conclusion: Sustainability Revisited | |
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| Notes | |
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| Global Environmental Ethics Watch | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |