| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Understanding Sexual Offending: Incidence, Prevalence, and Causes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sexual Offenses and Offenders | |
| |
| |
| What Is a Sexual Offense? | |
| |
| |
| Prevalence of Sexual Offending and Victimization | |
| |
| |
| Official Data on Sexual Victimization | |
| |
| |
| Research Estimates | |
| |
| |
| Reporting Sexual Abuse | |
| |
| |
| Telescoping | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Historical Perspectives on Sexual Behavior | |
| |
| |
| Historical, Religious, and Cultural Perspectives of Sexual Behavior | |
| |
| |
| Changing Perceptions of Deviant Sexual Behavior: The 20th Century | |
| |
| |
| 1885-1935: The First Wave of Panic | |
| |
| |
| 1936-1976: The Rise of the Sexual Psychopath | |
| |
| |
| 1976-Present: The Emergence of a Sexually Violent Predator | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Etiology of Sexually Deviant Behavior | |
| |
| |
| Paraphilias and Other Sexual Disorders | |
| |
| |
| Noncontact and Minimal Contact Paraphilias | |
| |
| |
| High-Contact Paraphilias | |
| |
| |
| Psychodynamic Theories | |
| |
| |
| Biological Theories | |
| |
| |
| Feminist Theories | |
| |
| |
| Attachment Theories | |
| |
| |
| Behavioral and Cognitive-Behavioral Theories | |
| |
| |
| Psychosocial Theories | |
| |
| |
| Routine Activities Theory | |
| |
| |
| Integrated Theories and Empirical Research | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cycle of Sexual Offending | |
| |
| |
| The Offense Cycle | |
| |
| |
| Grooming and Planning | |
| |
| |
| Persistence of Offending Behavior | |
| |
| |
| Cognitive Distortions | |
| |
| |
| Victim Empathy | |
| |
| |
| The Role of Fantasies | |
| |
| |
| Behavioral Triggers | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Offender Typologies, Special Groups of Offenders, and Victims | |
| |
| |
| |
| Types and Typologies of Sexual Offenders | |
| |
| |
| Specialization and Generalization of Offending Behavior | |
| |
| |
| Typologies of Rapists | |
| |
| |
| Sexually Motivated Offenses | |
| |
| |
| Nonsexually Motivated Offenses | |
| |
| |
| Typologies of Child Sexual Abusers | |
| |
| |
| Intrafamilial and Extrafamilial Abusers | |
| |
| |
| The Fixated-Regressed Typologies | |
| |
| |
| The FBI Typologies | |
| |
| |
| The MTC: CM3 Typologies | |
| |
| |
| Other Typologies | |
| |
| |
| Typologies of Female Sex Offenders | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Juvenile Offenders | |
| |
| |
| Who Are Juvenile Sexual Offenders? | |
| |
| |
| Prevalence, Recidivism, and Characteristics | |
| |
| |
| History of Abuse | |
| |
| |
| Female Juvenile Sex Offenders | |
| |
| |
| Juvenile Sex Offenders and Non-Sex Offenders: A Comparison | |
| |
| |
| Why Juveniles Sexually Offend | |
| |
| |
| Experimental or Criminal Behavior? | |
| |
| |
| Theories and Antecedents of Offending Behavior | |
| |
| |
| Typologies of Juvenile Sex Offenders | |
| |
| |
| Assessment and Treatment of Juvenile Offenders | |
| |
| |
| The Assessment Process | |
| |
| |
| The Treatment Process | |
| |
| |
| Management of Juvenile Offenders | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Offenders and the Internet | |
| |
| |
| Accessing Child Pornography | |
| |
| |
| Scope of the Problem | |
| |
| |
| Characteristics and Typologies of Cyber Sex Offenders | |
| |
| |
| Victims of Child Pornography | |
| |
| |
| Crossover between Child Pornography and Child Sexual Abuse | |
| |
| |
| Regulating and Policing Child Pornography | |
| |
| |
| Sexting and Self-Produced Pornography | |
| |
| |
| Juvenile Prostitution | |
| |
| |
| Human Trafficking | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sexual Offending in Institutional Settings | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Abuse within Child and Adolescent-Oriented Institutions | |
| |
| |
| Schools | |
| |
| |
| Child Care Settings | |
| |
| |
| Boy Scouts of America | |
| |
| |
| Big Brothers Big Sisters | |
| |
| |
| Athletic Organizations | |
| |
| |
| Professional and Legal Remedies | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Abuse in Religious Institutions | |
| |
| |
| Child Sexual Abuse within Non-Catholic Religious Organizations | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Abuse within the Catholic Church | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Abuse within Prisons | |
| |
| |
| Prevalence and Reporting | |
| |
| |
| Effects of Victimization | |
| |
| |
| Characteristics of Sexual Assaulters and Victims in Prison | |
| |
| |
| Prison Rape Elimination Act | |
| |
| |
| Preventing Sexual Assault in Prison | |
| |
| |
| Sexual Abuse within the Military | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Victims | |
| |
| |
| Overview of Research on Sexual Victimization | |
| |
| |
| Effects of Victimization | |
| |
| |
| Physical Harm | |
| |
| |
| Psychological Reactions | |
| |
| |
| Rape Trauma Syndrome and the Stages of Victimization | |
| |
| |
| Secondary Victims | |
| |
| |
| Responding to Reports of Sexual Abuse: The Medical and Criminal Justice Processes | |
| |
| |
| The Hospital | |
| |
| |
| The Police | |
| |
| |
| The Adversarial Process | |
| |
| |
| Victim Treatment and Counseling | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Responses to Sexual Offenders: Treatment, Punishment and Community Regulations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Management and Supervision of Sex Offenders in the Community | |
| |
| |
| Overview of Sex Offender Laws | |
| |
| |
| Jacob Wetterling Crimes against Children and Sexually Violent Offender Registration Act (1994) | |
| |
| |
| Megan's Law (1996) | |
| |
| |
| Pam Lychner Sex Offender Tracking and Identification Act (1996) | |
| |
| |
| Protection of Children from Sexual Predators Act (1998) | |
| |
| |
| Campus Sex Crimes Prevention Act (2000) | |
| |
| |
| Prosecutorial Remedies and Other Tools to End the Exploitation of Children Today (PROTECT) Act (2003) | |
| |
| |
| Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act (2006) | |
| |
| |
| Registration and Community Notification Laws | |
| |
| |
| RCNL Regulations and Guidelines | |
| |
| |
| Legal Challenges to RCNL | |
| |
| |
| Risk Assessment | |
| |
| |
| The Adam Walsh Act: Uniformity and Controversy | |
| |
| |
| Efficacy of RCNL | |
| |
| |
| Residence Restrictions | |
| |
| |
| GPS Monitoring | |
| |
| |
| The Containment Approach: Collaborating for Effective Management | |
| |
| |
| Reentry and Reintegration | |
| |
| |
| Housing | |
| |
| |
| Employment and School | |
| |
| |
| Recreation and Social Relationships | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Assessment and Treatment of Sexual Offenders | |
| |
| |
| History of Treatment | |
| |
| |
| "Nothing Works" | |
| |
| |
| Professionalization of Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Assessment for Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Background Information | |
| |
| |
| Physiological Testing | |
| |
| |
| Psychometric and Actuarial Testing | |
| |
| |
| Types of Treatments | |
| |
| |
| Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Medical Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Community versus Prison Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Variables and Controversies with Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Ethics of Sex Offender Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Treatment Staff | |
| |
| |
| Assessment for Treatment Participation: Exclusion Criteria | |
| |
| |
| Measuring Treatment Effectiveness | |
| |
| |
| Methodological Considerations | |
| |
| |
| Study Findings | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Incapacitating Sex Offenders | |
| |
| |
| SVP Legislation | |
| |
| |
| Definition of an SVP | |
| |
| |
| The Commitment Process | |
| |
| |
| State Variation in SVP Statutes | |
| |
| |
| The Role of Mental Health in SVP Legislation | |
| |
| |
| Assessing "Dangerousness" | |
| |
| |
| Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Release | |
| |
| |
| Legal Arguments about SVP Legislation | |
| |
| |
| Understanding the Goals and Efficacy of SVP Legislation | |
| |
| |
| Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
| Discussion Questions | |
| |
| |
| Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Index | |