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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| About the Authors | |
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| Overview of Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| Introduction to Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| Emergence of Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| Denning Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| Types of EBP Questions | |
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| Evidence-Based Practice Is Not Restricted to Clinical Decisions | |
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| Developing an Evidence-Based Practice Process Outlook | |
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| Easier Said Than Done | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Steps in the EBP Process | |
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| Question Formulation | |
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| Evidence Search | |
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| Critically Appraising Studies and Reviews | |
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| Selecting and Implementing the Intervention | |
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| Monitor Client Progress | |
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| Feasibility Constraints | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Research Hierarchies: Which Types of Research Are Best for Which Questions? | |
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| More Than One Type of Hierarchy for More Than One Type of EBP Question | |
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| Qualitative and Quantitative Studies | |
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| What Types of Research Designs Apply to What Types of EBP Questions? | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Critically Appraising Studies for EBP Questions About Intervention Effectiveness | |
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| Criteria for Inferring Effectiveness: How Do We Know What Works? | |
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| Internal Validity | |
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| Measurement Issues | |
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| Statistical Chance | |
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| External Validity | |
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| Synopses of Research Studies | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Exercise for Critically Appraising Published Articles | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Critically Appraising Experiments | |
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| Classic Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design | |
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| Posttest-Only Control Group Design | |
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| Solomon Four-Group Design | |
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| Alternative Treatment Designs | |
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| Dismantling Designs | |
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| Placebo Control Group Designs | |
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| Experimental Demand and Experimenter Expectancies | |
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| Obtrusive Versus Unobtrusive Observation | |
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| Compensatory Equalization and Compensatory Rivalry | |
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| Resentful Demoralization | |
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| Treatment Diffusion | |
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| Treatment Fidelity | |
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| Practitioner Equivalence | |
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| Differential Attrition | |
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| Synopses of Research Studies | |
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| , Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Exercise for Critically Appraising Published Articles | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Critically Appraising Quasi-Experiments: Nonequivalent Comparison Groups Designs | |
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| Nonequivalent Comparison Groups Designs | |
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| Additional Logical Arrangements to Control for Potential Selectivity Biases | |
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| Statistical Controls for Potential Selectivity Biases | |
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| Propensity Score Matching Using a Policy Example | |
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| Pilot Studies | |
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| Synopses of Research Studies | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Exercise for Critically Appraising Published Articles | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Critically Appraising Quasi-Experiments: Time-Series Designs and Single-Case Designs | |
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| Simple Time-Series Designs | |
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| Multiple Time-Series Designs | |
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| Single-Case Designs | |
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| Synopses of Research Studies | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Exercise for Critically Appraising Published Articles | |
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| Additional Reading | |
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| Critically Appraising Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses | |
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| Advantages of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses | |
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| Risks in Relying Exclusively on Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses | |
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| Where to Start | |
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| What to Look for When Critically Appraising Systematic Reviews | |
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| What Distinguishes a Systematic Review From Other Types of Reviews? | |
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| What to Look for When Critically Appraising Meta- Analyses | |
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| Synopses of Research Studies | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Exercise for Critically Appraising Published Articles | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Critically Appraising Studies for Alternative EBP Questions | |
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| Critically Appraising Nonexperimental Quantitative Studies | |
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| Surveys | |
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| Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Studies | |
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| Case-Control Studies | |
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| Synopses of Research Studies | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Exercise for Critically Appraising Published Articles | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Critically Appraising Qualitative Studies | |
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| Qualitative Observation | |
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| Qualitative Interviewing | |
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| Qualitative Sampling | |
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| Grounded Theory | |
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| Frameworks for Appraising Qualitative Studies | |
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| Mixed Model and Mixed Methods Studies | |
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| Synopses of Research Studies | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Exercise for Critically Appraising Published Articles | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Assessing Clients and Monitoring Their Progress | |
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| Critically Appraising and Selecting Assessment Instruments | |
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| Reliability | |
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| Validity | |
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| Sensitivity | |
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| Feasibility | |
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| Sample Characteristics | |
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| Locating Assessment Instruments | |
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| Synopses of Research Studies | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Exercise for Critically Appraising Published Articles | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Monitoring Client Progress | |
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| A Practitioner-Friendly Design | |
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| Feasible Assessment Techniques | |
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| Summary | |
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| Looking Ahead | |
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| Key Chapter Concepts | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Additional Readings | |
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| Illustrative Answers to Selected Review Exercises | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| Review Exercises | |
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| What You Do and Don't Need to Know About Statistics When Critically Appraising Studies | |
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| Why Do We Need Inferential Statistics? The Bottom Line | |
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| The Benchmark Made Simple | |
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| Is That Really All You Need to Know? | |
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| The Benchmark Is Not Sacred! | |
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| What Else Do You Need to Know? | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Glossary | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |