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A Guide to Writing About Literature | |
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Reading and Writing about Literature | |
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Reading Literature | |
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Previewing | |
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Highlighting | |
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CHECKLIST: Using Highlighting Symbols | |
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MAYA ANGELOU, “My Arkansas“ | |
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Annotating | |
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Writing about Literature | |
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Planning an Essay | |
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Drafting an Essay | |
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Revising and Editing an Essay | |
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CHECKLIST: Using Sources | |
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CHECKLIST: Conventions of Writing about Literature | |
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Three Model Student Papers | |
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Student Paper: “The Secret Lion“: Everything Changes | |
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Student Paper: Digging for Memories | |
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Student Paper: Desperate Measures: Acts of Defiance in “Trifles“ | |
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Writing Literary Arguments | |
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Planning a Literary Argument | |
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Choosing a Topic | |
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Developing an Argumentative Thesis | |
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CHECKLIST: Developing an Argumentative Thesis | |
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Defining Your Terms | |
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Considering Your Audience | |
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Refuting Opposing Arguments | |
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Using Evidence Effectively | |
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Supporting Your Literary Argument | |
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Establishing Credibility | |
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Being Fair | |
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CHECKLIST: Being Fair | |
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Using Visuals as Evidence | |
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Organizing a Literary Argument | |
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Writing a Literary Argument | |
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Student Paper: The Politics of “Everyday Use“ | |
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Student Paper: The Literary Merit of Video Games | |
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Documenting Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism | |
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Avoiding Plagiarism | |
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Document All Material That Requires Documentation | |
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Enclose Borrowed Words in Quotation Marks | |
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Do Not Imitate a Source's Syntax and Phrasing | |
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Differentiate Your Words from Those of Your Source | |
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CHECKLIST: Avoiding Unintentional Plagiarism | |
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Documenting Sources | |
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Parenthetical References in the Text | |
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CHECKLIST: Guidelines for Punctuating Parenthetical References | |
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The Works-Cited List | |
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Content Notes | |
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Fiction | |
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Understanding Fiction | |
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Origins of Modern Fiction | |
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The History of the Novel | |
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The History of the Short Story | |
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Defining the Short Story | |
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ERNEST HEMINGWAY, “Hills Like White Elephants“ | |
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The Boundaries of Fiction | |
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Fiction Sampler: The Short-Short Story | |
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JULIA ALVAREZ, “Snow“ | |
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*BONNIE JO CAMPBELL, “Sleep-over“ | |
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*SANDRA CISNEROS, “Pil�n“ | |
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AMANDA HOLZER, “Love and Other Catastrophes: A Mix Tape“ | |
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JAMAICA KINCAID, “Girl“ | |
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*AUGUSTO MONTERROSO, “The Eclipse“ | |
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Writing Suggestions: The Short-Short Story | |
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Fiction Sampler: Graphic Fiction | |
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*LYND WARD, “The Girl“ | |
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*ART SPIEGELMAN, from “Maus“ | |
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MARJANE SATRAPI, from “Persepolis“ | |
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LYNDA BARRY, “Two Questions“ | |
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Writing Suggestions: Graphic Fiction | |
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Plot | |
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Conflict | |
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Stages of Plot | |
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Order and Sequence | |
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CHECKLIST: Writing about Plot | |
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KATE CHOPIN, “The Story of an Hour“ | |
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*NEIL GAIMAN, “How to Talk to Girls at Parties“ | |
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WILLIAM FAULKNER, “A Rose for Emily“ | |
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Writing Suggestions: Plot | |
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Dick Pothier and Thomas J | |
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GIBBONS JR, “A Woman's Wintry Death Leads to a Long-Dead Friend“ | |
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Character | |
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Round and Flat Characters | |
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Dynamic and Static Characters | |
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Motivation | |
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CHECKLIST: Writing about Character | |
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John Updike, “A&P“ | |
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KATHERINE MANSFIELD, “Miss Brill“ | |
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CHARLES BAXTER, “Gryphon“ | |
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*LAN SAMANTHA CHANG, “Hangzhou 1925“ | |
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Writing Suggestions: Character | |
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Setting | |
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Historical Setting | |
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Geographical Setting | |
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Physical Setting | |
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CHECKLIST: Writing about Setting | |
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KATE CHOPIN, “The Storm“ | |
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SHERMAN J | |
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ALEXIE, “This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona“ | |
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TILLIE OLSEN, “I Stand Here Ironing“ | |
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Writing Suggestions: Setting | |
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Point of View | |
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First-Person Narrators | |
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Unreliable Narrators | |
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Third-Person Narrators | |
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Omniscient Narrators | |
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Limited Omniscient Narrators | |
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Objective Narrators | |
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Selecting an Appropriate Point of View | |
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CHECKLIST: Selecting an Appropriate Point of View: Review | |
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CHECKLIST: Writing about Point of View | |
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RICHARD WRIGHT, “Big Black Good Man“ | |
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EDGAR ALLAN POE, “The Cask of Amontillado“ | |
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WILLIAM FAULKNER, “Barn Burning“ | |
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EDWIDGE DANTICAT, “New York Day Women“ | |
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Writing Suggestions: Point of View | |
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Style, Tone, and Language | |
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Style and Tone | |
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The Uses of Language | |
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Formal and Informal Diction | |
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Imagery | |
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Figures of Speech | |
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CHECKLIST: Writing about Style, Tone, and Language | |
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JAMES JOYCE, “Araby“ | |
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(MARY) FLANNERY O'CONNOR, “A Good Man Is Hard to Find“ | |
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TIM O'BRIEN, “The Things They Carried“ | |
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Writing Suggestions: Style, Tone, and Lang | |