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| Foreword to the 1988 Edition | |
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| Prologue to the 1988 Edition | |
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| Linguistic Conventions | |
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| Preface | |
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| Note to the 2005 Edition by James W. Heisig | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Beginnings and Roots in India | |
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| Sakyamuni, the Enlightened One | |
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| The Figure of the Buddha The Great Experience | |
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| The Transmission of Enlightenment | |
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| The Zen Buddhist View of Sakyamuni | |
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| The Yogic Element in Buddhism | |
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| Essential Characteristics of Yoga | |
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| The Practice of Meditation in Indian Buddhism | |
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| Nirvana: The Final Goal of the Buddhist Way | |
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| The Roots of Zen in Yoga | |
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| The Essentials of Mahayana | |
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| The Beginnings of Mahayana | |
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| The Bodhisattva Ideal | |
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| Buddhology The History of Mahayana Buddhism | |
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| The Mahayana Sutras and Zen | |
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| The Spiritual and Intellectual Context of Zen | |
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| The Sutras of Perfect Wisdom-Prajnaparamita | |
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| The Doctrine of Totality-Avatamsaka (Hua-yen) | |
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| The Response of Silence-Vimalakirti | |
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| Psychological Perspectives-The Lankavatara Sutra | |
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| Origins and Blossoming in China | |
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| Preparations in Chinese Buddhism | |
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| The Historical Understanding of Zen | |
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| The Reception of Buddhism in China | |
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| Kumarajiva and the School of the "Middle Way" | |
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| Seng-chao Tao-sheng | |
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| The Early Period Bodhidharma-History and Legend | |
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| The Image of Bodhidharma in Zen History | |
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| Hui-k'o and Seng-ts'an Tao-hsin and Hung-jen | |
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| The Split between the Northern and Southern Schools | |
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| The "Suddenness" of the South and "Gradualness" of the North | |
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| The Northern School | |
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| The Claim of the Southern School | |
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| The Ox-Head School | |
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| The Sutra of the Sixth Patriarch | |
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| The Tun-huang Text and its Sources | |
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| The Biography of Hui-neng | |
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| Sudden Enlightenment as Seeing into One's Nature | |
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| The Mahayana Doctrines of No-Mind and the Buddha Nature | |
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| The Zen Movement after Hui-neng | |
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| The Beginnings of the "Zen of the Patriarchs" | |
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| Schools and Currents | |
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| The Two Main Lines of Chinese Zen | |
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| Strange Words and Extraordinary Actions | |
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| Monastic Life | |
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| Lin-chi | |
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| The Generational Line From the Life of Lin-chi | |
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| Themes from the Rinzairoku | |
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| Lin-chi and His School | |
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| Characteristics of the Five Houses | |
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| The Persecution of Buddhism | |
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| The "Five Houses" | |
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| Kuei-yang: Experience in Action | |
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| Lin-chi: Threefold and Fourfold Formulas | |
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| Ts'ao-tung: "The Five Ranks" | |
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| Yiin-men: "The One-Word Barriers" | |
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| Fa-yen: The Interpenetration of Attributes | |
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| The Sung Period: A Time of Maturation | |
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| Zen and the Spirit of the Age | |
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| Koan Practice and Koan Collections | |
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| Aspects of the Koan Method | |
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| The Two Mainstreams of Zen | |
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| Developments in Culture and Society | |
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| The "Five Mountains" and "Ten Temples" | |
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| Zen Buddhism and the Neo-Confucians | |
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| Zen Art Syncretistic Tendencies and Decline | |
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| Epilogue | |
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| Supplement: The Northern School of Chinese Zen | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| Chronological Table | |
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| Chinese Characters | |
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| Genealogical Tables | |
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| Index of Names and Titles | |
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| Index of Terms and Subjects | |