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| Introduction and Background | |
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| Classification of Biochemical Operations | |
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| The Role of Biochemical Operations | |
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| Criteria for Classification | |
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| Common Named Biochemical Operations | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Fundamentals of Biochemical Operations | |
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| Overview of Biochemical Operations | |
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| Major Types of Microorganisms and Their Roles | |
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| Microbial Ecosystems in Biochemical Operations | |
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| Important Processes in Biochemical Operations | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Stoichiometry and Kinetics of Aerobic/Anoxic Biochemical Operations | |
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| Stoichiometry and Generalized Reaction Rate | |
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| Biomass Growth and Substrate Utilization | |
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| Soluble Microbial Product Formation | |
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| Solubilization of Particulate and High Molecular Weight Organic Matter | |
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| Ammonification and Ammonia Utilization | |
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| Phosphorus Uptake and Release | |
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| Simplified Stoichiometry and Its Use | |
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| Effects of Temperature | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Theory: Modeling of Ideal Suspended Growth Reactors | |
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| Modeling Suspended Growth Systems | |
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| Modeling Microbial Systems | |
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| Mass Balance Equation | |
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| Reactor Types | |
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| Modeling Nonideal Reactors | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Aerobic Growth of Heterotrophs in a Single Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Receiving Soluble Substrate | |
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| Basic Model for a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor | |
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| Extensions of the Basic Model | |
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| Effects of Kinetic Parameters | |
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| Biomass Wastage and Recycle | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Multiple Microbial Activities in a Single Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor | |
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| International Water Association Activated Sludge Models | |
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| Effect of Particulate Substrate | |
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| Nitrification and Its Impacts | |
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| Denitrification and Its Impacts | |
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| Multiple Events | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Multiple Microbial Activities in Complex Systems | |
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| Modeling Complex Systems | |
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| Conventional and High Purity Oxygen Activated Sludge | |
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| Step Feed Activated Sludge | |
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| Contact Stabilization Activated Sludge | |
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| Modified Ludzack-Ettinger Process | |
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| Four-Stage Bardenpho Process | |
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| Biological Phosphorus Removal Process | |
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| Sequencing Batch Reactor | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Stoichiometry, Kinetics, and Simulations of Anaerobic Biochemical Operations | |
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| Stoichiometry of Anaerobic Biochemical Operations | |
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| Kinetics of Anaerobic Biochemical Operations | |
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| Anaerobic Digestion Model No. 1 | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Techniques for Evaluating Kinetic and Stoichiometric Parameters | |
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| Treatability Studies | |
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| Simple Soluble Substrate Model with Traditional Decay as Presented in Chapter 5 | |
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| Simple Soluble Substrate Model with Traditional Decay in the Absence of Data on the Active Fraction | |
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| Use of Batch Reactors to Determine Monod Kinetic Parameters for Single Substrates | |
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| Complex Substrate Model with Lysis:Regrowth Approach to Decay as Presented in Chapter 6 (International Water Association Activated Sludge Model No. 1) | |
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| Using Traditional Measurements to Approximate Wastewater Characteristics for Modeling | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Applications: Suspended Growth Reactors | |
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| Design and Evaluation of Suspended Growth Processes | |
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| Guiding Principles | |
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| Iterative Nature of Process Design and Evaluation | |
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| Basic Decisions during Design and Evaluation | |
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| Levels of Design and Evaluation | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Activated Sludge | |
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| Process Description | |
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| Factors Affecting Performance | |
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| Process Design | |
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| Process Operation | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Biological Nutrient Removal | |
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| Process Description | |
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| Process Design | |
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| Process Operation | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Aerobic Digestion | |
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| Process Description | |
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| Factors Affecting Performance | |
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| Process Design | |
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| Process Operation | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Anaerobic Processes | |
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| Process Description | |
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| Factors Affecting Performance | |
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| Process Design | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Lagoons | |
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| Process Description | |
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| Factors Affecting Performance | |
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| Process Design | |
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| Process Operation | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Theory: Modeling of Ideal Attached Growth Reactors | |
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| Biofilm Modeling | |
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| Effects of Transport Limitations | |
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| Effects of Multiple Limiting Nutrients | |
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| Multispecies Biofilms | |
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| Multidimensional Mathematical Models of Biofilms | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Biofilm Reactors | |
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| Packed Towers | |
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| Rotating Disc Reactors | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Fluidized Bed Biological Reactors | |
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| Description of Fluidized Bed Biological Reactor | |
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| Fluidization | |
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| Modeling Fluidized Bed Biological Reactors | |
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| Theoretical Performance of Fluidized Bed Biological Reactors | |
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| Sizing a Fluidized Bed Biological Reactor | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Applications: Attached Growth Reactors | |
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| Trickling Filter | |
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| Process Description | |
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| Factors Affecting Performance | |
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| Process Design | |
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| Process Operation | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Rotating Biological Contactor | |
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| Process Description | |
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| Factors Affecting Performance | |
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| Process Design | |
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| Process Operation | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Submerged Attached Growth Bioreactors | |
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| Process Description | |
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| Factors Affecting Performance | |
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| Process Design | |
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| Process Operation | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Future Challenges | |
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| Fate and Effects of Xenobiotic Organic Chemicals | |
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| Biodegradation | |
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| Abiotic Removal Mechanisms | |
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| Relative Importance of Biotic and Abiotic Removal | |
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| Effects of Xenobiotic Organic Chemicals | |
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| Experience with Xenobiotic Organic Chemicals | |
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| Key Points | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Designing Systems for Sustainability | |
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| Defining Sustainability | |
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| Technologies to Achieve Greater Water Resource Availability | |
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| Technologies to Achieve Lower Energy and Chemical Consumption | |
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| Technologies to Achieve Resource Recovery | |
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| Closing Comments | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| References | |
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| Acronyms | |
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| Symbols | |
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| Unit Conversions | |
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| Index | |