Acknowledgments | |
Preface | |
Introduction | |
Human factors defined | p. 1 |
Definitions of human factors and flight physiology | p. 3 |
Incapacitation | p. 4 |
Flight surgeons and aviation medical examiners (AMEs) | p. 6 |
Basic human anatomy | p. 7 |
The nervous system | p. 8 |
The musculoskeletal system | p. 10 |
The gastrointestinal (GI) system | p. 12 |
The metabolic system | p. 13 |
The circulatory system | p. 15 |
Respiration | p. 19 |
Health maintenance program | p. 23 |
Nutrition and diet | p. 24 |
Exercise | p. 27 |
The medical examination | p. 28 |
FAA and company flight physicals | p. 37 |
The atmosphere | p. 38 |
Composition of the atmosphere | p. 39 |
Physical characteristics of the atmosphere | p. 41 |
Gas laws | p. 43 |
Divisions of the atmosphere | p. 45 |
Physiological divisions of the atmosphere | p. 47 |
General effects on the human body | p. 48 |
Altitude physiology | p. 49 |
The physiology of oxygen in the body | p. 50 |
Carbon monoxide and ozone | p. 62 |
Decompression of cabin altitude | p. 63 |
Trapped gases | p. 65 |
Evolved gas disorders (DCS) | p. 70 |
Vision | p. 78 |
The light spectrum | p. 79 |
Anatomy of the eye | p. 80 |
Optics and physics of light | p. 83 |
Correction of acuity | p. 84 |
Night vision | p. 86 |
Factors affecting visual acuity | p. 92 |
Visual illusions and misperceptions | p. 92 |
Sunglasses | p. 94 |
Hearing and vibration | p. 96 |
Anatomy and physiology of the ear | p. 97 |
Definition of sound | p. 99 |
Definition of noise | p. 101 |
Perception of sound | p. 102 |
Measurement of hearing | p. 103 |
Noise and hearing loss | p. 103 |
Other types of hearing loss | p. 107 |
Hearing conservation | p. 107 |
Vibration | p. 109 |
Orientation | p. 110 |
Definition of disorientation | p. 111 |
Types of disorientation | p. 112 |
Visual illusions | p. 125 |
Tolerance to disorientation and illusions | p. 129 |
Flicker vertigo | p. 130 |
Motion sickness | p. 130 |
Self-imposed medical stress | p. 132 |
Self diagnosis | p. 133 |
Over-the-counter medications | p. 136 |
Caffeine | p. 142 |
Miscellaneous abuses | p. 145 |
Alcohol and drugs | p. 147 |
Environmental stresses | p. 159 |
Basic physics of heat | p. 160 |
The body's temperature control system | p. 162 |
Coping with heat extremes | p. 164 |
Coping with cold extremes | p. 168 |
Dehydration | p. 172 |
Radiation | p. 173 |
Toxic chemicals and fumes | p. 175 |
Sleep, jet lag, and fatigue | p. 177 |
Sleep | p. 178 |
Circadian rhythms | p. 184 |
Fatigue | p. 188 |
Acceleration | p. 195 |
Types of acceleration | p. 195 |
Common situations in civilian flying | p. 197 |
Symptoms of G forces | p. 198 |
Tolerance to G forces | p. 199 |
Negative G forces | p. 199 |
Cockpit resource management (CRM) | p. 200 |
Definitions in CRM | p. 201 |
Skills learned in CRM | p. 202 |
Training in CRM | p. 204 |
Deterrents to good CRM | p. 205 |
Stress management | p. 206 |
Inflight medical emergencies | p. 208 |
First aid | p. 209 |
On board medical kits | p. 211 |
Transporting ill passengers | p. 211 |
Basic survival techniques | p. 212 |
Medical standards and regulations | p. 214 |
Definitions | p. 215 |
Typical certification scenario | p. 219 |
Preferred certification scenario | p. 223 |
Denial | p. 224 |
Recertification and special issuance | p. 224 |
Index | p. 228 |
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