Hotel, Restaurant and Travel Law

Name: Hotel, Restaurant and Travel Law
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ISBN: 9780827375369

ISBN-10: 0827375360

ISBN-13: 9780827375369

Edition: 5th 1999

Authors: Norman G. Cournoyer

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Book details

List price: $97.95
Edition: 5th
Copyright year: 1999
Publisher: Delmar Cengage Learning
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 592
Size: 7.48" wide x 9.84" long
Weight: 2.398
Language: English

Table of Cases	p. xv
Preface	p. xix
About the Authors	p. xxi
Legal Fundamentals for the Hospitality Industry	p. 1
Introduction to Contemporary Hospitality Law	p. 3
Introduction	p. 3
What is Law?	p. 4
Principles of Hospitality Law	p. 4
Balancing Rights and Duties	p. 4
History of Hospitality Law	p. 4
Sources of Law	p. 5
Constitutional Law	p. 5
Statutory Law	p. 6
Common Law	p. 6
Administrative Law	p. 8
Attributes of Law	p. 9
The Role of the Judge	p. 9
Civil and Criminal Law	p. 9
Examples of Civil Law	p. 10
Remedies in Civil Cases	p. 10
Examples of Crimes	p. 11
Penalties and Remedies in Criminal Cases	p. 11
How to Read a Case	p. 11
Summary	p. 13
Legal Procedures: Journey of a Case through the Courts	p. 17
Introduction	p. 17
The Parties and Proof	p. 18
Commencing the Lawsuit	p. 18
The Complaint	p. 18
The Summons	p. 22
Service of Process	p. 22
Responses to the Complaint	p. 22
Responses to the Answer	p. 24
Summary Judgment	p. 25
Pretrial Procedure	p. 25
Discovery	p. 25
Pretrial Conference	p. 25
The Trial	p. 26
Types of Trials-Jury and Bench	p. 26
Jury Selection	p. 27
Opening Statements	p. 28
The Case-in-Chief	p. 28
The Plaintiff's Rebuttal Case	p. 28
Summation	p. 28
Charging the Jury	p. 29
Jury Deliberations	p. 29
The Verdict	p. 29
The Judgment	p. 29
Appeal	p. 30
Grounds for Appeal	p. 30
Appellate Courts	p. 30
Alternative Dispute Resolution	p. 31
Interpreting a Case Citation	p. 31
Summary	p. 32
Civil Rights and Hospitality Businesses	p. 37
Introduction	p. 37
The Civil Rights Act of 1964	p. 39
Scope of the Civil Rights Act of 1964	p. 39
Lodging for Transients	p. 40
Dining Facilities	p. 40
Places of Entertainment	p. 41
Jurisdiction through Interstate Commerce	p. 41
Relief	p. 43
Enforcing the Act	p. 43
Establishing Jurisdiction	p. 43
Racial Discrimination	p. 45
Language Discrimination	p. 49
Religious Discrimination	p. 51
Broad Enforcement through the Unitary Rule	p. 51
Exempt Establishments	p. 52
"Mrs. Murphy's Boarding House"	p. 52
Private Clubs	p. 52
Assailing "Private-in Name-Only" Clubs	p. 53
Scrutinizing Admission Policies	p. 55
Extending Civil Rights Protection	p. 59
State Civil Rights Laws	p. 59
The Americans with Disabilities Act	p. 60
Age Discrimination	p. 70
Gender Discrimination	p. 71
Rights of Proprietors	p. 73
Permissible to Remove a Disorderly Person	p. 74
Reasonable Rules of an Establishment	p. 75
Retaliatory Exclusion	p. 77
Ejection of Objectionable Persons and Trespass	p. 77
Summary	p. 78
Contract Law and the Hospitality Industry	p. 83
Introduction	p. 83
The Elements of a Contract	p. 84
Capacity to Contract	p. 84
Mutuality: Offer and Acceptance	p. 85
Legality	p. 87
Consideration	p. 87
Illusory Contracts (Written, Oral)	p. 88
Proper Form	p. 90
Genuine Assent	p. 94
Ambiguous Terms/Trade Usage	p. 97
Conditions	p. 100
Contracts Formed on the Internet	p. 101
Breach of Contract	p. 103
Compensatory Damages	p. 103
Punitive Damages	p. 109
Specific Performance	p. 110
Contracting for a Room	p. 110
Overbooking and Breach of Reservation Contract	p. 110
Damages Allowed for Overbooking	p. 111
Damage to Goodwill	p. 115
Breach by a Guest	p. 119
Intentional Interference with Contractual Relations	p. 125
Catering and Convention Contracts	p. 127
Summary	p. 130
Negligence	p. 137
Principles of Negligence	p. 139
Introduction	p. 139
Negligence	p. 140
Elements of a Negligence Case	p. 140
Reasonable Person Standard	p. 143
Summary of the Elements of Negligence	p. 148
Legal Status of Plaintiff	p. 148
Duty Owed to Invitees	p. 148
Open and Obvious Exception	p. 150
Duty Owed to Licensees	p. 152
Duty Owed to Trespassers	p. 154
Minority Position	p. 155
No Special Duty Owed to Others	p. 156
No Duty Owed on Property Not Owned or Maintained by the Hospitality Facility	p. 157
Negligence Doctrines Generally Favoring the Plaintiff	p. 157
Res Ipsa Loquitur	p. 157
Children and the Reasonable Person Test	p. 161
Attractive Nuisance Doctrine	p. 164
Negligence Per Se Doctrine	p. 165
Obligations beyond Regulation	p. 168
Strict or Absolute Liability	p. 168
Strict Products Liability	p. 169
Respondeat Superior	p. 170
Nondelegable Duties	p. 173
Duty to Aid a Person in Distress	p. 174
Duty of Business Owners to Aid Invitees in Danger	p. 174
Negligence Doctrines Generally Favoring the Defendant	p. 180
Contributory Negligence and Comparative Negligence	p. 180
Assumption of Risk	p. 183
Comparative Negligence and Assumption of Risk	p. 186
Summary	p. 188
Negligence and Hospitality Practices	p. 195
Introduction	p. 195
Duty Owed Guests in Hotel Rooms	p. 196
Cleanliness of Hotel Rooms	p. 196
Beds, Chairs, and Other Seats	p. 196
Windows, Window Fixtures, and Screens	p. 198
Electrical and Heating Hazards	p. 199
Animals and Insects	p. 199
Bathroom Appliances and Hot Shower Water	p. 203
Duty Owed Guests and Others in Public Areas	p. 206
Lobby	p. 207
Elevators	p. 207
Doors	p. 209
Hallways	p. 212
Stairways, Steps, and Their Coverings	p. 213
Duty Owed Guests in Restaurants and Dining Rooms	p. 216
Slippery Floors	p. 216
Foreign Substances on the Floor	p. 217
Constructive Notice	p. 219
Importance of Enforcing a Policy of Frequent Floor Cleaning	p. 221
Hanging Mirrors in Dining Rooms	p. 224
Ceilings	p. 224
Menu Boards on Ledges	p. 225
Hanging Televisions	p. 225
Serving Flambe Foods	p. 225
Serving Hot Liquids	p. 227
Duty Owed Guests Outside	p. 228
Outside Door Service	p. 229
Grounds	p. 229
Outdoor Sporting Facilities	p. 232
Outdoor Lighting Requirements	p. 235
Duties Owed to Guests in Swimming Areas	p. 236
Exercise Reasonable Care	p. 236
Remove Hazards	p. 238
Comply with Statutory Requirements	p. 239
Maintain Safety Equipment	p. 239
Control Boisterous Conduct of Guests	p. 240
Inspect for Glass in Pool Area	p. 240
Oceanfront Properties	p. 241
Restrict Use or Warn of Hazards in the Water	p. 243
Inspect Lake Bottoms for Hazards	p. 243
Special Duties	p. 244
Injuries Caused by Fire	p. 244
Security	p. 247
Medical Care	p. 255
Summary	p. 257
Relationships with Guests and Other Patrons	p. 265
Guests and Other Patrons	p. 267
Introduction	p. 267
Who Qualifies as a Guest?	p. 268
Intent of Parties	p. 269
Registration	p. 269
Delivery of Property	p. 271
Checking Out	p. 274
Guests' Illegal Acts	p. 274
Termination of a Guest-Innkeeper Relationship	p. 275
Landlord-Tenant Relationship	p. 275
Summary	p. 277
Protecting Patrons' Property	p. 281
Introduction	p. 281
Risks to Property in the Hotel	p. 282
Hotel Theft	p. 282
Keycards and Keys	p. 282
Guests' Insurance	p. 283
Absolute Liability for Guests' Goods	p. 283
Exceptions to the Absolute Liability Rule	p. 283
Prima Facie Liability Rule-Minority View	p. 283
Limited Liability-Modern Limitations on the Absolute Liability Rule	p. 284
Providing a Safe	p. 285
Posting Notice of Availability of Safe	p. 261
Posting Notice of Hotel's Limited Liability	p. 290
What Property Belongs in the Safe?	p. 291
Theft during Check-Out	p. 292
Hotel Guest in Hotel Restaurant	p. 292
Door Locks and Window Fastenings	p. 292
Clothes and Other Personal Property	p. 292
Checkrooms	p. 293
Baggage Room	p. 293
Merchandise Samples	p. 293
Property in Transit	p. 295
Property Not Covered by Limiting Liability Statutes	p. 295
Fire	p. 295
Estoppel: Loss of Limited Liability	p. 295
Implying Greater Liability	p. 296
Misrepresenting Risk	p. 296
Hotel's Negligence	p. 298
Comparative Negligence	p. 299
Nevada's Limiting Statute	p. 300
Liability during Check-In and Check-Out	p. 300
Guest Status	p. 300
Liability at Check-in	p. 301
Liability after Check-Out	p. 302
Bailment	p. 304
Effect of Bailment on Liability	p. 305
Bailment for the Sole Benefit of the Bailor	p. 307
Bailment for the Sole Benefit of the Bailee	p. 307
Mutual-Benefit Bailment	p. 307
Proof of Negligence in Bailment Cases	p. 309
Items inside Bailed Property	p. 313
Rules Particular to Bailment of Cars	p. 314
Liability for a Patron's Property in a Restaurant, Bar, or Cloakroom	p. 317
Checkrooms	p. 320
Concessionaires	p. 321
Summary	p. 322
Rights of Innkeepers	p. 327
Introduction	p. 327
Right to Exclude Nonguests	p. 328
Refusing Lodging to a Would-be Guest	p. 330
The Consequences of Wrongful Refusal	p. 331
Age	p. 331
Selecting Accommodations for a Guest	p. 331
Changing a Guest's Accommodations	p. 332
Entering a Guest's Room	p. 333
Evicting a Guest	p. 333
Failure to Pay the Hotel Bill	p. 334
Overstaying	p. 334
Persons of Ill Repute	p. 335
Intoxication and Disorderly Conduct	p. 336
Disorderly Conduct	p. 337
Contagiously Ill Guests	p. 337
Breaking House Rules	p. 338
Persons without Baggage	p. 340
Business Competitors	p. 340
The Process of Eviction	p. 341
Evicting a Hotel Tenant	p. 345
Refusing a Diner	p. 345
Statutory Protection for the Hotelkeeper	p. 348
The Innkeeper's Lien	p. 348
Defrauding the Hotelkeeper or Restaurateur	p. 350
Fraudulent Payment	p. 353
False Arrest	p. 354
Summary	p. 355
Guests' Rights	p. 361
Introduction	p. 361
Right to Occupy Assigned Room	p. 362
Right to Privacy in Guest Room	p. 362
Protection against Illegal Searches	p. 366
Report by Innkeeper of Illegal Activity	p. 366
Search Warrant	p. 367
Warrant Exception-Consent to Search	p. 368
Effect of Termination of Occupancy on Privacy Rights	p. 368
Warrant Exception-Disturbing the Peace	p. 370
Emergency Situation	p. 371
Room Registered to Another	p. 372
Search of Items Mislaid by Guests	p. 372
Unclaimed Lost Property	p. 374
Protection against Insults	p. 374
Protection against False Arrest	p. 376
Protection against Credit Card Fraud	p. 379
Rights Concerning Rates and Fees	p. 379
Right to Advance Notice	p. 379
Right to No Extraneous Fees	p. 380
Telephone Charges	p. 381
Proper Handling of Mail, Packages and Facsimile Correspondence	p. 381
Summary	p. 384
Special Topics	p. 389
Liability and the Sale of Food	p. 391
Introduction	p. 391
Adulterated Food	p. 392
Warranty of Merchantability	p. 392
Merchantable Food	p. 392
Objects in Food	p. 392
Trend toward the Reasonable Expectation Test	p. 396
Raw Shellfish	p. 398
Other Grounds for Breach of Warranty of Merchantability	p. 400
Class Action	p. 400
Hot Beverages	p. 401
Foodborne Illnesses	p. 403
Proof Problems Establishing Causation	p. 404
Privity of Contract	p. 406
Strict Products Liability	p. 407
Statutory Violations	p. 408
Negligence	p. 408
Choice of Action	p. 408
Customers with Allergies	p. 409
False Food Claims	p. 411
Truth-in-Menu Laws	p. 411
Obesity and Accuracy in Advertising	p. 412
Trans Fats	p. 413
Food Labeling	p. 413
Kosher Foods	p. 415
Relationships between Fast-Food Operations and Hotels	p. 415
Smoking Restrictions	p. 416
Safety Concerns Particular to Food Preparation	p. 418
Food Preparation	p. 418
Risks Associated with Donated Foods	p. 418
Summary	p. 419
Liability and the Sale of Alcohol	p. 423
Introduction	p. 423
Alcoholic Beverages and the Hospitality Industry	p. 424
License to Sell Liquor	p. 424
Illegal Sales	p. 424
Sales to Underage Patrons	p. 425
Sales to People Who Are Visibly Intoxicated	p. 426
Proving Visible Intoxication	p. 427
Sales to Known Habitual Drunkards	p. 428
Alcohol Vendors' Liability under Common Law	p. 428
Alcohol Vendors' Liability Greatly Increases under Dram Shop Acts	p. 429
Alcohol Vendor's Liability to the Patron	p. 430
Alcohol Vendor's Liability to Third Parties	p. 432
Alcohol Vendor's Liability to Passengers in Patron's Car	p. 434
Two Licensees Serving One Patron	p. 436
Apportionment of Liability among Defendants	p. 436
Apportionment of Liability Where Plaintiff Is Negligent	p. 436
States without Dram Shop Acts	p. 437
Liquor Liability Insurance	p. 437
Dram Shop Liability on Some Employers for Office Parties	p. 437
Strategies to Avoid Liability	p. 438
Alcohol Sales in Hotel Guest Rooms	p. 440
Miscellaneous Liquor Regulations	p. 440
Age of Alcohol Servers	p. 440
Restrictions on Alcohol Sales on Sunday	p. 440
Warnings to Pregnant Women	p. 440
Prohibition of Illegal Gambling	p. 440
Prohibition of Disorderly Conduct	p. 441
Maintenance of Prescribed Records	p. 441
Restrictions on the Type of Alcohol Sold	p. 441
Limitations on Sales Promotions	p. 441
Prohibition on Celebrity Endorsements	p. 442
Proximity to School or Church	p. 442
Alcohol-Free Teen Events	p. 442
Sexually Explicit Entertainment	p. 442
Summary	p. 443
Travel Agents and Airlines-Rights and Liabilities	p. 449
Introduction	p. 449
The Makeup of the Travel Industry	p. 450
Agency Law	p. 450
Tariffs	p. 453
Remedies for Small Damages	p. 454
Small Claims Court	p. 454
Class Action Suits	p. 454
The Rights of the Traveler	p. 455
Baggage Claims-Domestic and International	p. 455
Airplane Security	p. 464
Regulation Forbids Interference with Screening Process	p. 466
Traveling with Animals	p. 467
Personal Injury On-Board International Flights	p. 468
Refunds on Tickets	p. 468
E-Tickets	p. 469
Rights of Travelers with Disabilities	p. 470
Travel Insurance	p. 474
Special Rights of Airlines	p. 474
Right of Airlines to Cancel Scheduled Flights	p. 474
Rights of Airline Captains	p. 476
Overbooking	p. 481
Rights of Would-be Passengers	p. 481
Priority Rules for Seating	p. 482
Punitive Damages for Overbooking	p. 484
Overbooking on International Flights	p. 485
Proposed Air Traveller's Bill of Rights	p. 486
Punitive Damages on International Flights	p. 486
Additional Legal Issues Involving Airlines	p. 486
Lack of Documentation for International Travel	p. 487
Liability for Negligence	p. 488
Liabilities of Travel Agents and Charter Tour Companies	p. 489
Liability for Own Actions	p. 489
Duty to Investigate Third-Party Suppliers	p. 491
Recommending Travel Insurance	p. 494
Liability for Breach of Contract by Third-Party Service Suppliers	p. 497
No Liability for Third-Party Suppliers' Negligence	p. 500
Disclaimers by the Travel Agent	p. 502
Errors and Omissions Insurance for Travel Agents	p. 502
Credit Card Fraud	p. 503
Rental Cars	p. 503
Overbooking	p. 503
Accidents in Rental Cars	p. 504
Rental of a Car Known to Be Defective	p. 506
Unauthorized Drivers	p. 506
Age Discrimination with Car Rentals	p. 509
Summary	p. 509
Employment	p. 515
Introduction	p. 515
Fair Labor Standards Act	p. 516
Minimum Wage	p. 516
Overtime Pay	p. 518
Time Worked	p. 520
Split and Partial Shifts	p. 520
Equal Pay for Equal Work	p. 520
Retaliatory Discharge	p. 521
Restrictions on Child Labor - Hours	p. 521
Restrictions on Child Labor - Tasks	p. 522
Enforcement of the FLSA	p. 522
Family and Medical Leave Act	p. 522
At-Will Employment	p. 523
Illegal Job Discrimination	p. 524
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964	p. 524
Filing a Complaint	p. 525
Remedies	p. 526
Defense of Bona Fide Occupational Qualification	p. 528
Defense of Business Necessity	p. 528
Prohibited and Permitted Interview Questions	p. 529
Race	p. 531
Reverse Discrimination	p. 536
National Origin	p. 538
National Origin and Accent Discrimination	p. 541
Religion	p. 542
Reasonable Accommodations	p. 542
Hostile Work Environment	p. 546
Gender	p. 546
Gender-Differentiated Grooming Standards	p. 548
Sexual Harassment	p. 551
Pregnancy	p. 561
Age	p. 563
Retaliatory Discharge	p. 566
Mixed Types of Discrimination	p. 567
Americans with Disabilities Act	p. 571
Essential Functions	p. 571
Reasonable Accommodation	p. 572
Undue Hardship	p. 573
Preference Not Required	p. 573
ADA Impacts on Application Process	p. 574
Drugs and Illnesses	p. 574
Past Disabilities and Caregivers	p. 575
Pursuing an ADA Case	p. 575
Inability to Perform Essential Elements	p. 576
Mandatory Verification of Employment Status	p. 577
Immigration Reform and Control Act	p. 577
Resume Fraud	p. 580
Occupational Safety and Health Administration	p. 581
Unions	p. 581
National Labor Relations Act	p. 582
National Labor Relations Board	p. 582
Emerging Issues in Employment Law	p. 582
Negligent Hiring	p. 582
Employee Blogging	p. 583
Handling Employee Personal Data	p. 583
Summary	p. 583
Regulation and Licensing	p. 591
Introduction	p. 591
Regulation of the Marketplace	p. 592
Trademarks and Service Marks	p. 592
Copyrights Basics	p. 603
Illegal Satellite Reception	p. 604
Music Performances	p. 606
Artwork	p. 610
Antitrust Problems	p. 611
Franchising	p. 617
Nature of the Franchise Relationship	p. 618
Benefits to the Franchisee	p. 619
Benefits to the Franchisor	p. 619
Fraud and Breach of Contract by the Franchisor	p. 620
Tying Arrangements in Franchises as an Antitrust Issue	p. 621
Termination of a Franchise	p. 624
Regulation of Hotel and Restaurant Internal Affairs	p. 625
Guest Register	p. 625
Rates	p. 626
Mandatory Recycling	p. 628
Licensing and Zoning	p. 628
Licensing	p. 628
Principles for Granting Licenses and Permits	p. 629
License Fees	p. 634
Consequences of Operating without a License	p. 635
Revocation or Suspension of a License	p. 635
Zoning	p. 639
Variance	p. 641
Summary	p. 643
Specialized Destinations-Casinos, Theme Parks, Spas, and Condominium Hotels	p. 649
Introduction	p. 649
A Short History of Gambling	p. 650
Gambling Today	p. 651
Gaming Issues	p. 651
Resolution of Gaming Issues	p. 652
Casino Owes No Duty to Inform Patrons of Laws Relevant to Gambling	p. 652
Exclusion of Card Counters Permissible	p. 652
Slot Machines	p. 653
Contracts and Gambling Debts	p. 654
Compulsive/Problem Gamblers	p. 656
Torts Involving Casinos	p. 657
Negligence	p. 657
Strict Liability	p. 661
Criminal Activity at Casinos	p. 661
False Imprisonment	p. 663
Trademark Infringement	p. 664
Copyright Infringement	p. 665
Casinos and Dram Shop Act	p. 665
Riverboat Casinos and the Jones Act	p. 667
The Jones Act	p. 667
Casinos on Native American Reservations	p. 669
Sovereign Authority	p. 669
Lawsuits against Native American Tribes	p. 669
Lawsuits against Casino Employees	p. 671
Indian Gaming Regulatory Act	p. 673
Internet Gambling	p. 674
Theme Parks	p. 674
Introduction	p. 674
Crowd Control	p. 674
Amusement Rides	p. 675
Other Attractions	p. 677
Admission Discounts	p. 678
Season Passes	p. 678
Hotel Spas	p. 679
Licensing	p. 679
Sanitation and Nails	p. 679
Wet and Slippery Floors	p. 680
Effect of Liability Waivers	p. 680
Property Stolen from Lockers	p. 681
Massages	p. 682
Tanning Booths	p. 682
Condominium Hotels	p. 682
Common Areas	p. 682
Amenities	p. 683
Unit Rentals	p. 683
Advantages	p. 683
Contracts	p. 683
Future	p. 684
Summary	p. 684
Limiting Liability Statutes	p. 691
Guidelines on Discrimination Based on Gender	p. 693
The Americans with Disabilities Act	p. 695
Immigration Reform and Control Act	p. 705
Family and Medical Leave Act	p. 708
Minimum Wage Law in the United States	p. 710
The Cardiac Arrest Survival Act 42 U.S.C 238p&q	p. 713
Foods Containing Artificial Trans Fat	p. 716
Glossary	p. 719
Index	p. 731
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