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| Translator's Note | |
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| Preface | |
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| Western Europe in the Seventh Century | |
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| The Decline of Byzantine power | |
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| The conversion of England | |
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| Economic renewal | |
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| Gaul under Dagobert | |
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| Episcopal power | |
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| Monasticism | |
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| The papacy | |
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| The Rise of the Carolingians (from the Early Seventh to the Mid-Eighth Century) | |
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| The Beginnings of the Carolingian Dynasty | |
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| Austrasia | |
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| Noble families | |
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| Arnulf and Pippin I | |
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| Rival families | |
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| The policies of Dagobert | |
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| The Obstacles to Power | |
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| The Ambitions of Grimoald | |
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| His position | |
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| Monastic foundations | |
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| Metz | |
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| The Coup d'Etat of Grimoald and Its Failure | |
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| Childebert the Adopted | |
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| The Neustrian reaction | |
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| The Pippinids Await Their Moment | |
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| The reign of Childeric II | |
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| Pippin's victory at Terry | |
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| The Principate of Pippin II (687-714) | |
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| Pippin's Political Program | |
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| The Advance into Germanic Lands | |
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| Monasteries and Palaces | |
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| The "Reign" of Charles Martel | |
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| Difficult Beginnings | |
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| An independent Neustrian mayor | |
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| Charles, victor over the Neustrians | |
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| Odo of Aquitaine | |
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| Charles and His Methods of Action | |
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| The new regime | |
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| Vassalage | |
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| Secularization of church property | |
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| Charles and the Periphery of the Frankish Realm | |
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| Boniface in Germany | |
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| Pirmin in Alemannia | |
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| Charles Martel in Bavaria | |
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| Charles in Aquitaine, Provence, and Burgundy | |
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| Muslim invasion and the victory at Poitiers | |
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| Provence | |
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| Burgundy | |
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| The Call of Rome | |
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| The situation of the papacy | |
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| Pope Gregory III | |
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| The End of the Reign of Charles Martel | |
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| Charles Martel and St. Denis | |
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| The succession | |
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| Pippin and Carloman, Mayors of the Palace (741-751) | |
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| Local Revolts and the Consolidation of Power | |
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| Reestablishment of the Merovingian Dynasty | |
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| The Reform of the Frankish Church | |
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| The crisis of the church | |
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| The reform councils | |
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| Unresolved questions | |
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| The abdication of Carloman | |
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| Pippin III and Charlemagne, Founders of Carolingian Europe (751-814) | |
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| The Reign of Pippin the Great | |
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| The Accession of the Carolingian Dynasty | |
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| The sources of Pippin's power | |
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| The preparations for the coup d'etat | |
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| Royal unction | |
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| The Birth of the Papal State | |
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| The appeal from Stephen II | |
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| Pippin in Italy | |
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| The Conquest of Aquitaine | |
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| The preparations | |
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| The conquest | |
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| Religious Reform | |
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| The death of Boniface | |
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| Chrodegang | |
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| Romanization of the liturgy | |
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| The Rule for Canons | |
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| The Prestige of Pippin III | |
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| Pippin and the west | |
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| The organization of the court | |
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| Pippin and St. Denis | |
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| The Features and Circumstances of Charlemagne's Conquests | |
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| The Reign of Two Brothers | |
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| The Conditions of Charlemagne's Conquests | |
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| Charlemagne's Army | |
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| The Stages of Charlemagne's Conquests | |
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| 768-771 | |
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| 772-778 | |
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| 779-793 | |
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| 793-800 | |
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| 800-814 | |
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| The Conquests of Charlemagne | |
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| Italy | |
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| The conquest | |
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| Charlemagne in Rome | |
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| Charlemagne's successes | |
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| The second journey to Rome | |
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| Southern Italy | |
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| Germany | |
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| The annexation of Bavaria | |
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| The conquest of Saxony | |
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| Central and Eastern Europe | |
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| Suppression of the Avar menace | |
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| Charles and the Slavic world | |
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| Europe Beyond the Frontiers | |
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| The Celts | |
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| The Anglo-Saxons | |
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| Scandinavia | |
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| Spain | |
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| The Emperor Charlemagne | |
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| Prelude to the Coronation | |
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| The "new David" | |
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| Relations with Byzantium | |
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| The accession of Pope Leo III and the "new Constantine" | |
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| The Coronation | |
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| The ceremony | |
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| Interpreting the event | |
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| The Greek reaction | |
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| Charlemagne: Emperor or Chieftain? | |
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| The Political and Administrative Structures of the Empire | |
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| Obstacles to the Unity of the Empire | |
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| Regional diversity | |
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| Linguistic diversity | |
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| Juridical diversity | |
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| The Regionalization of Power | |
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| The subkingdoms | |
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| The marches | |
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| The partition of 806 | |
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| Charlemagne, the Frankish Chief | |
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| Lifelong habits | |
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| The royal domains | |
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| Charlemagne and the Frankish nobility | |
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| The death of Charlemagne | |
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| The Destiny of Carolingian Europe (814-877) | |
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| The Reign of Louis the Pious: The Goal of Imperial Unity and Its Failure (814-840) | |
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| The Beginning of a Promising Reign | |
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| The new emperor | |
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| The first reforms | |
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| The Ordinatio imperii (817) | |
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| The Network of Rival Factions | |
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| Judith | |
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| The reaction of Lothar | |
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| Lothar's supporters | |
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| The queen's strategy | |
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| The Revolt of 830 | |
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| The campaign of innuendo | |
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| The revolt | |
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| The reaction | |
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| A new partition | |
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| The Great Rebellion of 833 and Its Failure | |
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| The new coalition | |
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| The Field of Lies | |
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| The reversal of opinion | |
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| The End of the Reign of Louis the Pious | |
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| The final partition | |
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| Assessing the reign | |
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| External threats | |
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| The Partition of 843 | |
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| Prelude and Circumstances | |
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| Lothar versus Charles | |
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| The alliance of Louis and Charles | |
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| The Strasbourg Oaths (842) | |
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| Lothar submits | |
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| Negotiations (Spring 842-August 843) | |
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| The difficulties | |
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| Charles's marriage | |
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| The Treaty of Verdun and Its Terms | |
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| The rationale of the partition | |
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| The consequences of the partition | |
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| The Empire Disbanded (843-869) | |
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| The Defense of the Notion of Unity | |
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| Brotherly cooperation | |
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| The conference of Yutz (844) | |
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| the colloquies at Meersen | |
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| new partitions | |
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| The defense of unity by the church | |
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| Hincmar of Reims | |
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| agreement between Louis and Charles | |
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| papal intervention | |
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| Pope Nicholas I | |
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| the divorce of Lothar II | |
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| The Kings in Their Kingdoms | |
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| Louis II, the first sovereign of Italy | |
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| the reformer king | |
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| the Italian nobility | |
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| relations with the papacy, southern Italy | |
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| the Muslim threat | |
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| Louis II and Byzantium | |
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| Lotharingia and the Kingdom of Provence | |
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| Lotharingia | |
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| Provence | |
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| The kingdom of Louis the Germany | |
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| Saxony | |
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| other regions | |
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| Moravia | |
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| partitioning the kingdom | |
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| The kingdom of Charles the Bald | |
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| Charles and the nobility | |
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| the emancipation of the nobility | |
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| the complaints of the clergy | |
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| family troubles | |
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| Aquitaine | |
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| Burgundy | |
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| the Northmen | |
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| Brittany | |
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| the rise of the Robertines | |
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| Flanders | |
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| Charles the Bald, the Last Great Carolingian Emperor | |
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| The Ambitions of Charles the Bald | |
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| The king's successes | |
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| Lotharingia | |
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| Marriage to Richildis | |
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| The partition of Meersen | |
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| Charles the Bald, Emperor (876) | |
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| John VIII | |
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| The imperial coronation | |
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| The assembly of Ponthion | |
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| The End of the Reign of Charles the Bald | |
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| Failure in Lotharingia | |
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| The appeal of John VIII | |
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| The Capitulary of Quierzy | |
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| The emperor's demise | |
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| The Collapse of Carolingian Europe and the Emergence of Regional Princedoms | |
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| The End of the Imperial Ideal (877-888) | |
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| Pope John VIII in Search of an Emperor | |
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| Louis the Stammerer | |
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| The pope in Francia | |
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| The succession of Louis the Stammerer | |
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| The rebellion of Boso | |
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| The Viking invasions | |
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| The Reign of Charles the Fat, or Illusions Dispelled | |
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| The imperial coronation | |
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| Charles the Fat in Francia | |
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| The deposition of Charles the Fat | |
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| The Election of Regional Kings | |
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| The New Kingdoms and Princedoms | |
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| The Rulers of the Italian Kingdom | |
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| New princedoms | |
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| Guido II, king of Italy | |
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| Troubles in Rome | |
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| Louis the Blind | |
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| Berengar I, emperor | |
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| The Kingdoms of Middle Gaul | |
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| Provence | |
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| Upper Burgundy | |
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| The German Kingdom | |
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| The regional princedoms | |
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| King Arnulf and Louis the Child | |
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| Conrad I | |
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| The Kingdom of Western Francia | |
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| The regional princedoms | |
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| King Odo | |
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| Territorial Organization in the First Half of the Tenth Century | |
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| The Restoration of the Italian Kingdom: The Reign of Hugh of Provence (924-947) | |
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| King Hugh | |
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| Hugh and Rome | |
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| Hugh and the nobility of northern Italy | |
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| The Restoration of the Monarchy in Germany: Henry of Saxony, Heir to the Carolingians | |
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| The accession of Henry I | |
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| Henry and the regional loaders | |
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| The Danes and the Slavs | |
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| Victori over the Magyars | |
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| Upper Burgundy and Italy | |
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| The close of Henry's reign | |
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| The Carolingian Restoration in Western Francia | |
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| The early reign of Charles the Simple (898-911) | |
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| Two achievements of Charles the Simple | |
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| Charles and the Northmen | |
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| Charles and Lotharingia | |
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| The revolt of the nobility | |
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| Imprisonment | |
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| Ralph of Burgundy (923-936) | |
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| conflict with Herbert II | |
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| elsewhere in the kingdom | |
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| The Carolingian Restoration (936 to the Close of the Tenth Century) | |
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| The Return of the Carolingians and the First Years of Otto I | |
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| Louis IV | |
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| The first years of Otto I | |
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| the coronation | |
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| intervention in upper Burgundy | |
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| Magdeburg | |
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| The Kings, Their Followers, and Their Subjects | |
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| The situation in Germany | |
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| Otto and the dukes | |
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| the German episcopacy | |
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| The situation in "France" | |
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| the king and his vassals | |
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| the resources of the Carolingians | |
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| Louis IV versus Hugh and Herbert | |
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| Louis VI in Normandy | |
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| the synod of Ingelheim | |
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| the power of Hugh the Great | |
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| Aquitaine and Provence | |
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| Burgundy | |
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| The Restoration of the Empire | |
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| Otto's victory over the Slavs and the Magyars | |
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| The conquest of Italy | |
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| the imperial coronation | |
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| the deposition of John XII | |
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| Otto I and Byzantium | |
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| the archbishopric of Magdeburg | |
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| the Poles | |
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| the mission to Hungary | |
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| Lotharingia: A Crossroads of Ottonians and Carolingians | |
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| Louis IV, Otto I, and Lotharingia | |
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| The regency of Bruno of Cologne | |
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| Lotharingian politics and the demise of the Carolingian rulers | |
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| Lothar in Aachen | |
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| Adalbero of Reims | |
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| the election of Hugh Capet | |
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| the Carolingian pretender | |
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| Rulers and Civilization in the New Europe | |
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| The Carolingian Church | |
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| Ecclesiastical Structures | |
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| The secular clergy | |
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| the bishops | |
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| the diocese | |
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| organizing the faithful | |
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| Monasticism | |
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| A Church Subject to Princes | |
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| The king as master of bishops and abbots | |
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| Immunity | |
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| The administration of church property | |
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| The church in the tenth century | |
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| The Papacy | |
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| The popes and the west | |
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| The awakening of the papacy | |
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| Rome's prestige in the tenth century | |
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| Monasteries and papal protection | |
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| The Expansion of Christendom | |
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| Germany | |
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| Scandinavia | |
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| The missions to the Slavs | |
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| The birth of the Hungarian church | |
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| Features of Carolingian Kingship | |
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| The King's Person and Status | |
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| Royal unction | |
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| The "royal ministry" | |
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| Coronary promises | |
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| Royal Justice | |
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| The King as Warrior | |
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| The royal army | |
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| Royal castles | |
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| The Carolingian warrior | |
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| The Carolingians and the Renewal of Western Economy | |
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| The Principles | |
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| Marriage | |
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| Work | |
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| Fair prices | |
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| Usury | |
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| Economic Developments | |
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| The management of royal domains | |
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| Trade and merchants | |
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| markets | |
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| towns and emporiums | |
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| roads | |
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| Monetary policy | |
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| under Pippin the Short | |
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| under Charlemagne | |
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| under Louis the Pious | |
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| under Charles the Bald | |
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| revival of local economies | |
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| The Successors of the Carolingians | |
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| The First Flowering of European Culture | |
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| Educational Policies | |
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| Pippin the Short | |
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| The restoration of schools | |
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| Louis the Pious | |
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| The results | |
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| Carolingian Latin | |
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| Vernacular literature | |
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| The Court as a Center of Learning | |
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| The palace at Aachen | |
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| Cultural endeavors after 843 | |
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| Charles the Bald, the learned king | |
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| Kings and Books | |
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| The Carolingian script | |
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| Royal libraries | |
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| Noble libraries | |
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| Artistic Treasures | |
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| Kings as patrons and collectors | |
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| Art and the nobility | |
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| The Carolingian Kings as Builders | |
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| Royal palaces | |
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| Cathedral complexes | |
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| Monasteries | |
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| Decoration and images | |
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| The Heirs of the Carolingian Kings | |
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| Culture and learning in France | |
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| The Ottonian renaissance | |
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| the learned emperors | |
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| imperial patronage of the arts | |
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| the patronage of bishops and abbots | |
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| Italy and England | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Index | |