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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| General Phonetics | |
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| Phonetic Description | |
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| Introduction: The Speech Chain | |
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| Basics of Acoustics | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| The Organs of Speech | |
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| The Vocal Tract | |
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| The Respiratory System | |
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| The Laryngeal System | |
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| The Supralaryngeal System | |
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| Monitoring Speech | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Initiation of an Airstream | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Aerodynamics of Airstream Initiation | |
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| Pulmonic Airstreams | |
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| Glottalic Airstreams | |
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| Velaric Airstreams | |
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| Esophageal and Other Airstreams | |
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| Transcription | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Phonation and Voice Quality | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Phonation | |
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| Supralaryngeal Aspects of Voice Quality | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| The Description of Vowels | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Articulatory, Acoustic, and Perceptual Descriptions of Vowels | |
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| Describing Vowels by Articulation | |
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| Describing Vowels by Perception | |
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| Describing Vowels by Acoustics | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Articulation: Consonant Manner Types | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Stops: Plosives and Nasals | |
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| Nasal Stops | |
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| Fricatives and Affricates | |
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| Approximants | |
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| Trills and Taps | |
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| Obstruents and Sonorants | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Articulation: Consonant Place Types | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Labial | |
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| Anterior Lingual | |
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| Dorsal | |
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| Posterior | |
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| Articulatory Description of Consonants | |
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| Acoustic Description of Consonants | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| More on Consonants | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Modifications to Oral Stops | |
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| Multiple Articulations | |
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| Acoustic Characteristics | |
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| The IPA Chart | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Suprasegmental Phonetics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Stress | |
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| Length | |
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| Pitch | |
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| Boundary Effects | |
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| Other Prosodic Features | |
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| Acoustic Analysis of Suprasegmentals | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| English Phonetics | |
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| Phonetic and Phonological Description | |
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| The Difference Between Phonetics and Phonology | |
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| Phonological System and Structure | |
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| Clinical Phonology | |
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| The System and Structure of English | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Monophthongs of English | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The High Front Vowels | |
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| The Lower Back Vowels | |
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| The High Back Vowels | |
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| Transcription | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| English Central Vowels and Diphthongs | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Nonrhotic Central Vowels | |
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| The Rhotic Central Vowels, (GA) | |
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| The Mid-Closing Diphthongs | |
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| The Low-Closing Diphthongs | |
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| The Fronting-Closing Diphthong | |
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| The Centering Diphthongs (RP) | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| English Plosives and Affricates | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Bilabial Plosives | |
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| The Alveolar Plosives | |
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| The Velar Plosives | |
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| The Postalveolar Affricates | |
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| The Glottal Stop | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| English Fricatives | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Labiodental Fricatives | |
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| The Dental Fricatives | |
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| The Alveolar Fricatives | |
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| The Postalveolar Fricatives | |
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| The Glottal Fricative | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| English Sonorant Consonants | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Nasal Stops | |
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| The Liquid Approximants | |
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| The Semivowel Approximants | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Words and Connected Speech | |
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| Introduction | |
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| English Word Stress | |
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| Stress in Connected Speech | |
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| Assimilation | |
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| Elision and Liaison | |
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| Juncture | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Intonation of English | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Nuclear Tones and Postnuclear Patterns | |
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| Prenuclear Patterns | |
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| Intonation Tunes | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Varieties of English | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Ways in Which Accents Can Differ | |
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| National Varieties of English | |
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| Regional Differences in American English | |
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| Spanish-Influenced English | |
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| Phonological Problems of Learners of English | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Disordered Speech | |
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| Phonological and Phonetic Disorders | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Terms Phonetics and Phonology in the Description of Disordered Speech | |
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| Broad and Narrow Transcription | |
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| Some Typical Phonetic-level Disorders | |
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| Some Typical Phonological-level Disorders | |
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| Disturbances to Prosody | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Transcribing Atypical and Disordered Speech | |
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| Aspects of Atypical and Disordered Speech | |
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| Atypical Places of Articulation | |
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| Atypical Manners of Articulation | |
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| Voicing | |
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| Resolving Uncertainty in Transcription | |
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| Connected Speech | |
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| Example | |
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| Background Reading | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Appendix 1 | |
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| The International Phonetic Alphabet (Revised to 1993) | |
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| extIPA Symbols for Disordered Speech (Revised to 2002) | |
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| VoQS: Voice Quality Symbols | |
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| Appendix 2 | |
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| Distinctive Features | |
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| Phonological Primes for English | |
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| Natural Phonological Processes | |
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| Answers to Transcription Exercises | |
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| Answers to Audio CD Transcription Exercises | |
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| References | |