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| List of Maps and Figures | |
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| List of Tables | |
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| Preface | |
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| Note on Transcription and Other Conventions | |
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| Qing Reign Periods | |
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| Introduction. The Problem with the Manchus | |
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| Ethnic Sovereignty and Pax Manjurica | |
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| The "Manchu Way," | |
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| Manchu or Bannerman? | |
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| Thinking Again About Ethnicity in Late Imperial China | |
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| "Barbarians" and "Chinese": Competing Views of the Manchus in History | |
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| Sinicization and the Manchus | |
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| New Narratives | |
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| Structures of Eight Banner Society | |
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| The Eight Banners and the Origins of the Manchus | |
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| What Was the Eight Banners? | |
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| Myths of Manchu Origins | |
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| Who Were the Jurchens? | |
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| The Jianzhou Ascendancy | |
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| Roots of Power: The Formation of the Eight Banners | |
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| Roots of Identity: The Banners and the Manchu Nation Under Hong Taiji | |
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| The Mongol and Chinese Banners | |
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| Hierarchies of Ethnicity and Status in the Banners | |
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| Manchu Cities: Tigers on the Mountain | |
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| Garrisons Before the Conquest | |
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| Outline of the Qing Occupation | |
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| Manchu Apartheid and the Division of Beijing | |
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| Manchu Cities in the Provinces | |
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| Close Quarters | |
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| The Idea of Occupation | |
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| Garrison Dyarchy | |
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| The Emperor's Men | |
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| The Nature of the Banner Bureaucracy | |
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| The Garrison General | |
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| The Garrison Lieutenant General and Other Staff | |
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| Relations with the Civil Bureaucracy | |
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| Bannermen to the Rescue | |
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| Rage and Praise: Letters to the Emperor | |
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| Banner Administration and the Manchu Nation | |
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| Patterns of Banner Life | |
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| The Iron Rice Bowl of Banner Privilege | |
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| At the Training Ground | |
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| From Chase to Campaign | |
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| Eating the Emperor's Rice | |
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| A Privileged People | |
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| Among the Nikan | |
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| The Manchu-Han "Family" | |
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| Family Quarrels | |
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| Ethnic Transactions | |
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| Mediating Between Manchu and Han | |
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| Master and Slave | |
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| Ethnic Tension and Coexistence | |
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| Resident Aliens | |
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| Manchu Shamanism | |
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| Manchu Names and Naming Practices | |
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| The Place of Manchu Women | |
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| Dimensions of the Manchu Diaspora | |
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| No Place Like Home | |
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| Matters of Life and Death | |
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| Resident Aliens | |
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| The Crises of the Eighteenth Century | |
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| Whither the Manchu Way? | |
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| Acculturation and the Manchu Way | |
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| Living the Good Life | |
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| The "National" Language | |
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| Slip of the Tongue | |
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| Language and Identity | |
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| Saving the Banner System | |
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| The Costs of the Banner System | |
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| The Ways of Poverty | |
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| Secondary Status in the Banners | |
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| Genealogy and the Reforms of Banner Household Registration | |
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| Mutable Identities | |
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| Poor Relations: The Eight Banner Chinese | |
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| Sacrificing the Chinese Bannermen | |
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| Bannerman and Manchu | |
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| Conclusion. Manchu Identity and Manchu Rule in China | |
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| How Did They Do It? | |
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| What Did It Matter? | |
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| Note on the Size of the Eight Banner Population | |
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| Ranks in the Eight Banners | |
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| Foundation and Expansion of Provincial Garrisons | |
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| Notes | |
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| Chinese Character Glossary | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |