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Preface | |
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Note Bene | |
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Contributors | |
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Abbreviations | |
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Health Appraisal, Risk Assessment, and Safety of Exercise | |
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Benefits and Risks Associated With Exercise | |
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Public Health Perspective | |
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Benefits of Regular Physical Activity and/or Exercise | |
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Risks Associated With Exercise Testing | |
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Risks Associated With Vigorous Exercise | |
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Incidence of Cardiovascular Complications | |
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Issues Regarding Preliminary Screening | |
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Recommendations to Reduce the Incidence and Severity of Complications During Exercise | |
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Health Screening and Risk Stratification | |
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Preparticipation Health Screening | |
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ACSM Risk Stratification | |
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Risk Stratification for Cardiac Patients | |
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Modifying Coronary Risk Status | |
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Exercise Testing | |
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Pretest Clinical Evaluation | |
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Medical History, Physical Examination, and Laboratory Tests | |
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Alternative Stress Tests | |
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Blood Pressure | |
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Cholesterol and Lipoproteins | |
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Blood Profile Analyses | |
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Pulmonary Function | |
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Contraindications to Exercise Testing | |
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Informed Consent | |
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Patient Instructions | |
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Physical Fitness Testing and Interpretation | |
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Purposes of Fitness Testing | |
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Basic Principles and Guidelines | |
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Test Order | |
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Test Environment | |
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Body Composition | |
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Densitometry | |
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Anthropometric Methods | |
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Other Techniques | |
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Cardiorespiratory Fitness | |
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The Concept of Maximal Oxygen Uptake | |
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Maximal versus Submaximal Exercise Testing | |
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Modes of Testing | |
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Cardiorespiratory Test Sequence and Measures | |
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Test Termination Criteria | |
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Muscular Fitness | |
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Flexibility | |
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Clinical Exercise Testing | |
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Indications and Applications | |
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Diagnostic Exercise Testing | |
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Exercise Testing for Disease Severity and Prognosis | |
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Exercise Testing After Myocardial Infarction | |
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Functional Exercise Testing | |
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Exercise Test Modalities | |
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Exercise Protocols | |
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Upper Body Exercise Testing | |
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Testing for Return to Work | |
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Weight Carrying Test | |
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Repetitive Lifting Test | |
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Measurements | |
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Heart Rate and Blood Pressure | |
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Expired Gases | |
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Electrocardiographic Monitoring | |
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Subjective Ratings | |
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Postexercise Period | |
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Indications for Exercise Test Termination | |
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Exercise Testing With Imaging Modalities | |
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Exercise Echocardiography | |
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Exercise Nuclear Imaging | |
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Pharmacologic Stress Testing | |
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Considerations for Pulmonary Patients | |
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Lung Function | |
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Exercise Testing of Pulmonary Patients | |
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Supervision of Exercise Stress Testing | |
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Considerations Regarding Medical Supervision | |
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Current Guidelines and Practices | |
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Competency Considerations | |
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Implications for Cost-Effectiveness | |
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Interpretation of Clinical Test Data | |
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Exercise Testing as a Screening Tool for Coronary Artery Disease | |
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Interpretation of Responses to Graded Exercise Testing | |
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Maximal Oxygen Uptake | |
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Heart Rate Response | |
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Blood Pressure Response | |
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ECG Waveforms | |
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Symptoms | |
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Diagnostic Value of Exercise Testing | |
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Sensitivity | |
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Specificity | |
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Predictive Value | |
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Comparison With Imaging Stress Tests | |
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Prognostic Applications of the Exercise Test | |
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Interpretation of Exercise Tests in Pulmonary Patients | |
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Specific Respiratory Diseases | |
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Exercise Prescription | |
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General Principles of Exercise Prescription | |
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Principles of Training | |
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Overview of the Exercise Prescription | |
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The Art of Exercise Prescription | |
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Components of the Training Session | |
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Warm-up | |
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Endurance Phase | |
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Recreational Activities | |
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Cool-down | |
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Cardiorespiratory Fitness | |
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Mode of Exercise | |
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Exercise Intensity | |
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Exercise Duration | |
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Exercise Frequency | |
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Energy Expenditure Goals | |
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Rate of Progression | |
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Initial Conditioning Stage | |
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Improvement Stage | |
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Maintenance Stage | |
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Training Specificity | |
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Musculoskeletal Flexibility | |
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Muscular Fitness | |
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Maintenance of the Training Effect | |
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Program Supervision | |
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Exercise Prescription for Cardiac Patients | |
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Inpatient Programs | |
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Outpatient Programs | |
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Intensity | |
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Frequency | |
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Duration | |
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Outpatient Rate of Progression | |
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Types of Outpatient Programs | |
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Exercise Prescription Without a Preliminary Exercise Test | |
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Resistance Training | |
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Eligibility and Exclusion Criteria | |
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Time Course to Resistance Training | |
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Prescriptive Guidelines | |
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Arm Exercise Prescription | |
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Arm Exercise Training Heart Rate | |
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Work Rates for Arm Training | |
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Arm Exercise Equipment and Training Modalities | |
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Exercise Training for Return to Work | |
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Optimal Exercise Dosage? Pathophysiologic Considerations | |
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Special Patient Populations | |
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Angina or Silent Ischemia | |
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Congestive Heart Failure | |
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Pacemaker and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators | |
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Cardiac Transplant | |
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Exercise: An Integral Component of a Comprehensive Treatment Approach | |
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Exercise Prescription for Pulmonary Patients | |
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Exercise Prescription | |
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Mode of Exercise | |
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Frequency | |
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Intensity | |
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Duration | |
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Special Considerations | |
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Pursed-Lips Breathing | |
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Supplemental Oxygen | |
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Alternative Modes of Exercise Training | |
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Continuous Positive Airway Pressure | |
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Upper Body Resistance Training | |
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Ventilatory Muscle Training | |
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Program Design and Supervision | |
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Monitoring Exercise Training Intensity | |
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Other Clinical Conditions Influencing Exercise Prescription | |
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Hypertension | |
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Lower-Extremity Peripheral Vascular Disease | |
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Diabetes Mellitus | |
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Obesity | |
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Programs for Reducing Body Fatness | |
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Exercise Testing and Prescription for Children, the Elderly, and Pregnant Women | |
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Children | |
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Fitness Testing | |
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Clinical Exercise Testing | |
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Exercise Prescription | |
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The Elderly | |
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Exercise Testing | |
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Exercise Prescription | |
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Pregnant Women | |
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Special Considerations | |
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Methods for Changing Exercising Behaviors | |
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Exercise Compliance | |
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Adult Learning | |
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Psychological Components of Successful Behavior Change | |
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Strategies to Improve Behavioral Change Outcomes | |
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Practical Recommendations to Enhance Exercise Adherence | |
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Population-Specific Barriers to Physical Activity | |
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Program Models: Group versus Home-Based Exercise Therapy | |
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Other Targets for Health Behavior Change | |
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Smoking Cessation | |
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Weight Management | |
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Dietary Modification | |
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Stress Management | |
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Legal Issues | |
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Contracts, Informed Consent, and Torts | |
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Contract Law | |
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Informed Consent | |
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Torts | |
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Negligence and/or Malpractice | |
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Defenses to Negligence and/or Malpractice Actions | |
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Liability Insurance | |
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Standards of Care | |
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Policies, Protocols, Forms, and Fulfillment | |
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Legal Concerns and the Roles of Licensed and Nonlicensed Exercise Professionals | |
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Summary | |
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Appendices | |
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Common Medications | |
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Emergency Management | |
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Electrocardiogram (ECG) Interpretation | |
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Metabolic Calculations | |
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Environmental Considerations | |
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American College of Sports Medicine Certifications | |
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Index | |