Preface | p. xi |
Acknowledgments | p. xvii |
Making a Difference in Children's Lives | p. 1 |
Children in the Social World | p. 2 |
Children's Social Knowledge and Skills | p. 2 |
Social Competence | p. 2 |
Development and Social Competence | p. 6 |
Learning and Social Competence | p. 9 |
Contextual Perspectives and Social Competence | p. 11 |
Contextual Thinking concerning Children | p. 16 |
Your Role in Fostering Children's Social Competence | p. 17 |
Developmentally Appropriate Practices and Social Competence | p. 21 |
Chapter Structure | p. 24 |
Summary | p. 25 |
Key Terms | p. 25 |
Initiating Social Relationships in Infancy | p. 26 |
Infant Characteristics as Factors in Social Relationships | p. 27 |
Individuation and Socialization | p. 35 |
Emergence of Communicative Competence | p. 39 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 57 |
Summary | p. 58 |
Key Terms | p. 58 |
Discussion Questions | p. 58 |
Field Assignments | p. 59 |
Building Positive Relationships Through Nonverbal Communication | p. 60 |
Functions of Nonverbal Communication | |
Channels of Nonverbal Communication | p. 62 |
Adult Abuses of Nonverbal Behavior | p. 69 |
Communicating About the Relationship | p. 70 |
The Impact of Mixed Messages | p. 73 |
Children's Acquisition of Nonverbal Communication Skills | p. 74 |
Guiding Children with Adult Nonverbal Behavior | p. 75 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 80 |
Summary | p. 81 |
Key Terms | p. 82 |
Discussion Questions | p. 82 |
Field Assignments | p. 82 |
Promoting Children's Self-Awareness and Self-Esteem Through Verbal Communication | p. 83 |
The Child's Evolving Sense of Self | p. 84 |
How Adult Practices Relate to Self-Esteem | p. 89 |
The Verbal Environment | p. 90 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 113 |
Summary | p. 116 |
Key Terms | p. 117 |
Discussion Questions | p. 117 |
Field Assignments | p. 117 |
Responding to Children's Emotions | p. 118 |
Children's Emotional Development | p. 120 |
Problems Children Encounter when Dealing with Emotions | p. 130 |
Appropriate Ways of Responding to Children's Emotions | p. 133 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 143 |
Summary | p. 144 |
Key Terms | p. 144 |
Discussion Questions | p. 144 |
Field Assignments | p. 145 |
Supporting Children in Stressful Situations | p. 146 |
The Nature of Stress | p. 147 |
Sources of Children's Stress | p. 148 |
Natural Disasters, War, Terrorism, and Violence | p. 163 |
Children's Reactions to Stress | p. 164 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 177 |
Summary | p. 179 |
Key Terms | p. 180 |
Discussion Questions | p. 180 |
Field Assignments | p. 181 |
Enhancing Children's Play | p. 182 |
The Nature of Play | p. 183 |
Types of Play | p. 190 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 217 |
Summary | p. 219 |
Key Terms | p. 219 |
Discussion Questions | p. 219 |
Field Assignments | p. 220 |
Supporting Children's Friendships | p. 221 |
Not All Relationships Are Created Equal | p. 222 |
What Happens When Children Cannot Find a Friend? | p. 224 |
Children's Changing Ideas about Friendship | p. 225 |
The Emergence of Friendship | p. 225 |
The Friendship Framework | p. 225 |
Likeness | p. 228 |
Difficulty with Friendships | p. 231 |
The Friendship Process | p. 231 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 246 |
Summary | p. 247 |
Key Terms | p. 248 |
Discussion Questions | p. 248 |
Field Assignments | p. 248 |
Influencing Children's Social Development by Structuring the Physical Environment | p. 249 |
Fundamentals of Structuring | p. 250 |
Structuring Space and Materials | p. 255 |
Structuring Time | p. 267 |
Coaching Children in Decision Making, Planning, Implementing and Evaluating | p. 269 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 285 |
Summary | p. 287 |
Key Terms | p. 287 |
Discussion Questions | p. 287 |
Field Assignments | p. 288 |
Fostering Self-Discipline in Children: Experssing Appropriate Expectations for Their Behavior | p. 289 |
What is Self-Discipline? | p. 290 |
Developmental Processes That Influence Self-Discipline | p. 294 |
How Experience Influences Self-Discipline | p. 299 |
How Adult Behavior Affects Children's Behavior | p. 302 |
Stating Behavioral Expectations | p. 307 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 322 |
Summary | p. 323 |
Key Terms | p. 324 |
Discussion Questions | p. 324 |
Field Assignments | p. 325 |
Fostering Self-Discipline in Children: Implementing Consequences | p. 326 |
Using Consequences to Promote Social Competence | p. 327 |
Behavior Problems and Their Solutions | p. 327 |
Consequences | p. 330 |
Combining the Warning and Follow-Through with the Personal Message | p. 337 |
Time-Out: The Ultimate Consequence | p. 340 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 351 |
Summary | p. 353 |
Key Terms | p. 354 |
Discussion Questions | p. 354 |
Field Assignments | p. 355 |
Handling Children's Aggressive Behavior | p. 356 |
What Aggression Is | p. 357 |
Why Children Are Aggressive | p. 359 |
The Emergence of Aggression | p. 361 |
Ineffective Strategies Adults Try to Reduce Children's Aggressive Behavior | p. 363 |
Effective Strategies Adults Use to Reduce Children's Aggressive Behavior | p. 367 |
A Model for Conflict Mediation | p. 372 |
When Aggression Becomes Hostile | p. 377 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 386 |
Summary | p. 388 |
Key Terms | p. 388 |
Discussion Questions | p. 388 |
Field Assignments | p. 389 |
Promoting Prosocial Behavior | p. 390 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 410 |
Summary | p. 411 |
Key Terms | p. 412 |
Discussion Questions | p. 412 |
Field Assignments | p. 413 |
Supporting Children's Development: Sexuality, Ethnicity, and Special Needs | p. 414 |
Children's Psychosexual Development | p. 415 |
Ethnic Identity, Preferences, and Attitudes in Children | p. 421 |
Inclusion of Children with Special Needs | p. 424 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 442 |
Summary | p. 444 |
Key Terms | p. 445 |
Discussion Questions | p. 445 |
Field Assignments | p. 446 |
Making Judgments | p. 447 |
Variables That Affect Judgment | p. 450 |
Judgments about Ethical Behavior | p. 453 |
Judgments about Children's Extreme Behavior | p. 456 |
Judgments Regarding Child Abuse and Neglect | p. 460 |
Pitfalls to Avoid | p. 476 |
Summary | p. 477 |
Key Terms | p. 478 |
Discussion Questions | p. 478 |
Field Assignments | p. 479 |
The National Association for the Education of Young Children Code of Ethical Conduct | p. 481 |
Organizations That Address Child Abuse and Related National Helplines | p. 487 |
Personal Safety Terms, Facts, and Principles | p. 489 |
Glossary | p. 491 |
References | p. 499 |
Index | p. 529 |
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