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| Preface | |
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| In the Beginning | |
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| The Reformulation of the Concept of Narcissism | |
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| Freud's Concept of Narcissism | |
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| Kohut's Approach to Narcissism | |
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| Kohut's Objections to Freud's Conception of Narcissism | |
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| New Wine in Old Bottles | |
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| Viewing Narcissism as a Continuum | |
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| The Developmental Line of Narcissism | |
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| The Reformulation of the Relationship between Narcissism and Object Love | |
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| The Narcissistic Developmental Line of the Idealized Parental Imago | |
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| The Developmental Line of the Grandiose-Exhibitionistic Self | |
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| The Maturation of Narcissism | |
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| The Emphasis on Shame in Self Psychology | |
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| Sources of Shame | |
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| Comparing Self Psychology's Understanding of Shame with That of Classical Analysis | |
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| The Developmental Perspective on Shame | |
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| The Self and Selfobject Concepts | |
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| The Relationship between the Self and Selfobject Concepts | |
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| The Selfobject Concept as Foundational for Self Psychology | |
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| The Evolution of Kohut's Selfobject Concept | |
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| Kohut's Definition of the Self | |
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| The Constituents of the Self | |
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| How Kohut Conceived of the Development of the Self | |
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| How Kohut Envisioned the Healthy Self | |
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| The Concept of Selfobject Needs | |
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| Our Enduring Need for Selfobject Responsiveness | |
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| The Development of the Experience of Selfobject Need | |
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| What Do Therapists Have to Do to Enable Patients to Have Selfobject Experience? | |
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| How Do We Know If a Patient Is Experiencing a Selfobject Connection with His Therapist? | |
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| Important Theoretical Features of the Selfobject Concept | |
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| The Selfobject Concept and the Concept of Regulation | |
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| Different Types of Selfobject Needs | |
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| The Mirroring Selfobject Need | |
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| The Consequences of a Lack of Mirroring Experience | |
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| The Developmental Progression of the Mirroring Selfobject Need: The Concept of the Grandiose or Expansive Self | |
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| The Constituents of a Mirroring Experience | |
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| The Concept of the Vertical Split | |
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| Kohut's Concept of the Horizontal Split | |
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| The Idealizing Selfobject Need | |
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| The Functions Encompassed by the Idealizing Selfobject Need | |
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| The Developmental Progression of the Idealizing Selfobject Need | |
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| The Developmental Consequences of Early and/or Massive Disappointment by the Idealized Parent | |
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| Kohut's Concept of the Bipolar Self | |
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| The Need for Alter Ego or Twinship Selfobject Experience | |
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| The Developmental Progression of Twinship Selfobject Experience | |
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| Contributions to the Alter Ego/Twinship Concept after Kohut | |
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| Is Selfobject Experience Usually Singular or Mixed? | |
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| The Evolution of the Selfobject Concept | |
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| Suggested Revisions of the Selfobject Concept after Kohut | |
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| The Concept of Selfobject Relatedness | |
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| The Relational Specificity of Selfobject Experience | |
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| The Concept of Self-Cohesion | |
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| Empathy | |
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| The Emphasis Placed on the Concept of Empathy in Self Psychology | |
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| Common Misunderstandings of the Self Psychological View of Empathy | |
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| How Empathy Is Conceptualized in Self Psychology | |
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| Kohut's View of Empathy as an Observational Stance | |
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| Kohut's View of Empathy as Responsiveness | |
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| Kohut's Understanding of the Developmental Origins of Empathy | |
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| Narrative Empathy: A Later Contribution to Our Understanding of the Role of Empathy in the Therapeutic Process | |
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| Understanding the Empathic Process | |
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| Evan: Case Illustration of the Empathic Process | |
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| Implications and Consequences of Viewing Empathy as an Ideal for Therapists' Behavior | |
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| Recent Conceptualizations of Empathy | |
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| How Self Psychology Conceives of Psychological Growth and Therapeutic Action | |
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| The Strengthening of the Self | |
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| The Concept of Structuralization | |
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| Kohut's Theory of Structuralization: Optimal Frustration of Selfobject Needs Leading to Transmuting Internalization | |
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| An Illustration of the Process of Optimal Frustration Leading to Growth-Producing Structuralization | |
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| The Main Constituents of the Process of Transmuting Internalization in Treatment | |
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| Criticisms of Kohut's Concept of Structure Formation from within Self Psychology and Alternate Conceptualizations of Structure Building | |
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| Terman's Concept of Structure Building | |
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| Stolorow, Atwood, and Brandschaft's Concept of Structure Building | |
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| Beebe and Lachmann's Theory of Structuralization | |
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| Factors That Contribute to Structuralization or Representation | |
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| The Corrective Emotional Experience or Corrective Selfobject Experience | |
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| The Concept of Compensatory Structure | |
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| The Concept of Self-Liberation as Part of the Curative Process | |
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| Psychopathology: Disturbance and Disorders of Self-Experience | |
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| The Self Psychological View of Psychopathology | |
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| The Theory of the Etiology of Self-Disturbance | |
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| Why Does the Repetitive Frustration of Selfobject Needs Occur? | |
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| The General Dynamic Sequence That Results in Psychopathology | |
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| Case Vignette | |
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| How Self Psychology Views the Core of Pathology | |
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| Factors That Cause a Vulnerable Self Structure | |
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| The Signs of a Vulnerable Self Structure | |
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| The Related Concepts of Fragmentation and Disintegration Anxiety | |
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| Disintegration Anxiety | |
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| Kohut's Reconceptualization of Oedipal Pathology | |
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| The Causes of Oedipal Pathology | |
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| How Kohut's Theory of Oedipal Pathology Compares to That of Classical Analytic Theory | |
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| Castration Anxiety Reconsidered | |
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| How Symptomatology Is Understood in Self Psychology | |
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| The Self Psychological Understanding of Trauma | |
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| The Deficit Concept in Self Psychology | |
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| The Concept of Problematic Organizing Principles and Processes | |
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| How Sexualization and Perversion Are Understood by Self Psychology | |
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| Kohut's Understanding of Substance Abuse and Addiction | |
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| Later Self Psychological Views of Addiction | |
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| Clinical Process | |
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| The Treatment Rationale of Self Psychology | |
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| How the Patient Is Viewed on Entering Treatment | |
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| How Self Psychology Views Empathy as Central to the Therapeutic Process | |
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| Empathy Is Not Considered the Only Useful Listening Position in Self Psychology | |
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| How Self Psychologists Understand and Work with Resistance/Defensive Functioning | |
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| Yvonne: Case Illustration of Defense and Resistance | |
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| The Danger of Viewing Disguised Selfobject Longings as Resistance | |
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| The Importance and Inevitability of Rupture and Repair | |
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| The Therapeutic Benefits of Analyzing Ruptures and Disruptions | |
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| Guidelines for Analyzing Ruptures and Disruptions | |
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| The Rationale for Placing Special Emphasis on Ruptures in the Selfobject Bond | |
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| Other Elements Theorized to Be Involved in the Therapeutic Benefits of Analyzing Ruptures in the Selfobject Bond | |
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| Two Case Illustrations of Rupture and Repair | |
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| The Self Psychological Conceptualization of Transference | |
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| The Selfobject Dimension of the Transference | |
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| Clinical Guidelines and Implications | |
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| The Idealizing Selfobject Dimension of the Transference | |
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| Tom: Case Illustration of Transference | |
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| The Mirroring Selfobject Dimension of the Transference | |
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| Miss F.: Case Illustration of the Mirroring Selfobject Dimension | |
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| How Self Psychology Views the Interpretive Process | |
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| The Concept of the Leading and Trailing Edges of an Interpretation | |
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| Yvonne: Case Illustration of Interpretation | |
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| What Stolorow Added to Self Psychology's View of the Interpretive Process | |
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| The Concept of Optimal Responsiveness | |
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| Countertransference | |
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| How Kohut Conceptualized Countertransference | |
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| How Kohut Conceptualized Specific Countertransferences | |
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| How Self Psychology Views the Analyst's Selfobject Needs as Influencing the Countertransference | |
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| How Fosshage's Concept of Listening Positions Has Added to the Self Psychological View of Countertransference | |
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| Yvonne: Case Illustration of Listening Positions | |
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| The Concept of Self-State Dreams | |
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| How Theorists after Kohut Have Elaborated the Concept of the Self-State Dream | |
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| How the Paradigm Shift from a Positivist to a Constructivist Model Has Affected Self Psychology's Clinical Practice | |
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| How the Paradigm Shift from a Drive Reduction to a Relational Model Has Been Reflected in Self Psychology's Clinical Practice | |
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| The Comparison with Classical Analysis | |
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| The Main Guidelines for Clinical Practice According to Self Psychology | |
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| Intellectual and Sociocultural Influences on Kohut | |
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| How Kohut Was Influenced by the Glorification of Personal Subjectivity | |
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| How Kohut Was Influenced by the Shift from the Logical-Positivist Empiricist Model to the Postempiricist, Postmodern Model of Scientific Inquiry | |
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| How Kohut Was Influenced by Modern Physics | |
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| How Kohut Was Influenced by His Cultural Interests | |
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| Kohut's Background in Psychoanalysis | |
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| Kohut's Objections to Ego Psychology | |
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| Kohut's Thesis in "Introspection, Empathy, and Psychoanalysis" | |
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| The Historical Background of the Controversy about Psychoanalytic Epistemology | |
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| Intersubjectivity | |
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| How Intersubjectivity Theory Evolved | |
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| The Basic Concepts of Intersubjectivity Theory | |
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| Principles That Guide the Conduct of Psychoanalytic Treatment According to Intersubjectivity Theory | |
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| Intersubjectivity Theory Is Not a Traditional Psychoanalytic Theory | |
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| How Intersubjectivity Theory Views | |
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| Pathological Development | |
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| Intersubjectivists Consider Parental Affective Misattunement a Frequent Source of Psychopathology | |
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| Zack: Case Illustration of Parental Misattunement | |
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| How Intersubjectivists Have Reconceptualized the Unconscious | |
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| Therapeutic Factors That Facilitate Treatment According to Intersubjectivity Theory | |
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| How Transference and Countertransference Are Viewed in Intersubjectivity Theory | |
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| How the Transference and Countertransference Are Influenced by Intersubjective Conjunction and Disjunction | |
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| Evan: Case Illustration of Disjunction | |
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| The Two Dimensions of the Transference According to Intersubjectivity Theory | |
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| How Intersubjectivity Theory Views Therapeutic Action | |
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| How Intersubjectivity Theory Compares to Self Psychology | |
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| Motivational Systems Theory | |
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| The Motivational System Based on the Psychic Regulation of Physiological Requirements | |
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| The Attachment Motivational System | |
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| The Exploratory-Assertive Motivational System | |
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| The Aversive Motivational System | |
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| The Sensual-Sexual Motivational System | |
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| Case Vignette | |
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| Self Psychology's View of Aggression | |
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| The Relationship between the Self Psychological Views of Narcissism and Aggression | |
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| Kohut's Concept of Narcissistic Rage | |
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| What Stimulates Narcissistic Rage? | |
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| How Kohut Compared Narcissistic Rage with Healthy Aggression | |
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| How Narcissistic Rage Is Manifested | |
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| Kohut's Guidelines for the Treatment of Narcissistic Rage | |
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| How Kohut Viewed Narcissistic Rage as Informing Our Understanding of Aggression | |
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| Contributions to Self Psychology's View of Aggression after Kohut | |
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| The Vision of Self Psychology | |
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| How Self Psychology Is Developmental and Relational | |
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| How the Relational and Developmental Vision of Self Psychology Shapes Its Clinical Sensibility | |
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| How the Self Psychological View of Human Interdependence Shapes Its Clinical Sensibility | |
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| How Self Psychology's Relational Emphasis Compares with Other Psychoanalytic Theories | |
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| How Self Psychology's Focus on Subjectivity Shapes Its Clinical Sensibility | |
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| How Therapeutic Optimism Is a Feature of Self Psychology's Sensibility | |
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| Self Psychology's Contributions to the Evolution of Psychoanalytic Theory and Practice | |
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| Theorists Who Anticipated Self Psychology | |
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| The Influences of Previous Theorists on Kohut | |
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| How Ferenczi Anticipated Self Psychology | |
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| How Balint Anticipated Self Psychology | |
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| How Fairbairn Anticipated Self Psychology | |
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| How Winnicott Anticipated Self Psychology | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |