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Preface and Acknowledgments | |
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Introduction | |
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Foundations Of Political Science Research | |
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Research Fundamentals | |
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Purposes for Political Science Research | |
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The "Big Issues" in Political Science | |
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Categories of Political Science Research | |
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From Thematic Focus to Research Topics | |
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Different Answers for Similar Problems | |
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Defining Research | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Research Approaches and Methods | |
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The Positivist Research Approach | |
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The Postpositivist Revolution | |
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A New Beginning for Research | |
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Research Methods in-Political Science | |
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Three Common Positivist Research Approaches | |
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Postpositivist Research Approaches | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Understanding the Research Process | |
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Steps in the Research Process | |
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Identifying the Research Problem | |
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Establishing Research Objectives | |
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Deciding on a Research Strategy | |
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Prepare a Research Plan | |
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Gather the Data | |
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Analyze and Interpret the Data | |
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Prepare and Present the Findings | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Selecting a Research Design and Choosing a Research Topic | |
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Quantitative Designs | |
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Qualitative Designs | |
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Combined Research Designs | |
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Choosing a Research Topic | |
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Tasks in Problem Definition | |
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Choosing a Research Theme or Position | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Preparing a Research Proposal | |
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Contents of a Typical Research Proposal | |
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The Finished Product | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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The Legal and Ethical Environment of Research | |
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The Meaning of Ethics | |
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How Can You Know Which Is the Right Decision? | |
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Five Important Research Problem Areas | |
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Research Ethics | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Quantitative Research Approaches and Methods | |
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Introduction to Quantitative Research and Sampling | |
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Fundamentals of Measurement | |
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Issues of Reliability and Validity | |
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Defining Statistics | |
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Categories of Statistics | |
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Parameters vs. Statistics | |
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Descriptive Statistics and Inferential Statistics | |
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Statistics in Political Science Research | |
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Introduction to Sampling | |
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Some Sampling Methods | |
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Dealing with Error and Bias in Sampling | |
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Nonresponse Error | |
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The Meaning of Sample Distributions | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Exploratory Research: The Probing Approach | |
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Purposes for Exploratory Research | |
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Methods in Exploratory Data Collection | |
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Analyzing Exploratory Data | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Descriptive Research: The Survey Approach | |
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Advantages of Using Questionnaires | |
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Some Characteristics of Questionnaires | |
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How to Prepare Your Own Questionnaire | |
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Developing and Wording Questions | |
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Projective Techniques | |
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Developing and Using Scales | |
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Other Types of Scales | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Causal Research: The Experimental Approach | |
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Key Concepts in Experimental Design | |
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Approaches to Experimental Design | |
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Testing Differences with Student's t-Test | |
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Different Approaches for the t-Test | |
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Comparing Scores of More Than Two Groups | |
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Three Versions of ANOVA | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Interpreting Exploratory and Descriptive Statistics | |
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Measures of Central Tendency | |
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Measures of Variability | |
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Measures of Relative Position | |
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Measures of Correlation | |
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Calculating Descriptive Statistics with Excel | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Testing Research Hypotheses | |
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Fundamentals of Hypothesis Testing | |
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Classes of Hypothesis Tests | |
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Probability and Hypothesis Testing | |
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The Concept of Error in Hypothesis Testing | |
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One-Sample Hypothesis Tests | |
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The Excel Confidence Test | |
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Normal Distribution Tests | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Introduction to Nonparametric Statistics | |
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Nonparametric Analogs of Parametric Tests | |
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Nonparametric Tests for Location | |
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One-Sample Nonparametric Tests | |
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The K-S One-Sample Test for Ordinal Data | |
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Nonparametric Tests for Differences | |
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Two Related-Sample Tests | |
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Three or More Independent Sample Tests | |
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Three or More Independent Sample Tests | |
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Nonparametric Relationship Tests | |
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Tests for Nominal Level Data | |
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Ordinal Data Association Tests | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Correlation and Regression Analysis | |
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Relationship Test Applications | |
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Correlation Analysis | |
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Correlation Statistics | |
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Simple Regression Analysis | |
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A Simple Regression Example | |
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Multiple Regression Analysis | |
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Multiple Regression with Dummy Variables | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Exploring Multivariate Statistics | |
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Multiple Regression Analysis | |
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Multiple Regression with Dummy Variables | |
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Predicting with Discriminant Analysis | |
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Group-Classification Applications | |
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Factor and Cluster Analysis Methods | |
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Factor Analysis | |
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Conducting a Factor Analysis with SPSS | |
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Cluster Analysis | |
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Multiple Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Qualitative Research Approaches and Methods | |
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Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods | |
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Qualitative Research Strategies | |
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The Explanatory Approach: Case and Historical Methods | |
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Case Method Research | |
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What Is a Case Study? | |
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Three Types of Case Studies | |
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When to Use the Case Study Approach | |
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The Single-Case Study | |
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The Multi-Case Method | |
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Steps in the Case Study Method | |
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Important Guidelines for Case Study Reports | |
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Historical Research in Political Science | |
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Capturing the Nature of Political History | |
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Conducting Historical Research | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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The Interpretive Approach I: Grounded Theory Methods | |
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Early Goals for Grounded Theory | |
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Importance of Grouping and Coding | |
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Two Approaches to Grounded Theory | |
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Steps in the Grounded Theory Process | |
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A Seven-Stage Model for Grounded Theory Research | |
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The Final Stage: Development of a Theory | |
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A Brief Caveat about the Method | |
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Grounded Theory Research in Practice | |
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Grounded Theory and Public Policy | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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The Interpretive Approach II: Ethnographic Research Methods | |
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Industrialization and the Social Sciences | |
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Ethnography, Ethology, or Ethnology? | |
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Ethnography in Political Science Research | |
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Urbanism Research | |
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Ethnography and Organizational Culture | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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The Critical Approach: Feminist and Empowerment Research | |
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The Feminist Research Model | |
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Empowerment Research | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Analysis Methods for Qualitative Data | |
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What Are Qualitative Data? | |
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Components of Qualitative Data Analysis | |
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Bringing Order to Raw Qualitative Data | |
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A Nine-Step Analysis Process | |
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The Jones Qualitative Data Analysis Process | |
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Analysis of Ethnographic Study Data | |
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Computer Analysis of Qualitative Data | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Analyzing Texts, Documents, and Artifacts | |
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Analysis of Texts as Data | |
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Reviewing the Relevant Literature | |
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Document Research Using Archival Data | |
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Performing a Meta-analysis of Existing Research | |
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Hermeneutic Analysis of Text and Nontext Material | |
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Semiotics: The Analysis of Signs and Symbols | |
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Content, Narrative, and Discourse Analysis | |
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Examining Material Culture (Artifact Analysis) | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Preparing and Presenting Research Findings | |
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Organizing Information in Tables, Charts and Graphs | |
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Making Sense out of Raw Data | |
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Preparing a Stem-and-Leaf Diagram | |
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Communicating with Charts and Graphs | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Organizing and Writing a Research Report | |
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How to Structure a Research Report | |
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Sections in a Research Report | |
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Style: First Person or Third person? | |
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Conclusions and/or Recommendations Section | |
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Style in Research Report Writing | |
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Style in the Bibliography (References) Section | |
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Some Standard Style Requirements | |
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Other Style Manuals | |
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Special Requirements for Political Science Research papers | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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Introduction to Statistical Software | |
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How Do I Start Using SPSS? | |
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The SPSS Opening Screen | |
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Entering Variable Labels | |
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Working with the Data Editor Toolbar | |
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Processing Numerical Data with SPSS | |
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Variable Labels | |
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Value Labels | |
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Missing Values | |
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Data Types | |
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Entering Data | |
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Putting SPSS to Work | |
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Using the Frequencies Dialogue Box | |
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Univariate Descriptive Statistics for Continuous Measurements | |
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Bivariate | |
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Descriptive Statistics | |
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Measures of Association | |
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Summary | |
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Discussion Questions | |
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Additional Reading | |
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References | |
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Author Index | |
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Subject Index | |
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About the Author | |