Pharmacy Practice for Technicians

Name: Pharmacy Practice for Technicians
Availability: OutOfStock
ISBN: 9780763800994

ISBN-10: 0763800996

ISBN-13: 9780763800994

Edition: N/A

Authors: Don A. Ballington

List price: $27.95

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Description:

An introduction to techniques and procedures necessary to prepare and dispense medications according to physician's requests. Coverage includes pharmacy law, ethics for technicians, dosage forms and delivery systems, billing and inventory management, hospital pharmacy practice, and human relations. Appends a number of laboratory exercises for each of the 12 chapters. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Book details

List price: $27.95
Publisher: EMC/Paradigm Publishing
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 377
Size: 8.75" wide x 11.00" long x 0.75" tall
Weight: 1.936
Language: English

Preface	p. vii
The Pharmacy Technician	p. 1
Ancient Origins	p. 1
The Roles of the Pharmacist	p. 2
Evolution of the Pharmacist's Roles	p. 2
Duties of the Pharmacist	p. 4
Education and Licensing Requirements for Pharmacists	p. 4
The Roles of the Pharmacy Technician	p. 5
Work Environments and Conditions	p. 5
Characteristics of the Pharmacy Technician	p. 5
Training, Certification, Pay, and Job Outlook	p. 6
The Pharmacy Workplace	p. 6
Community, or Retail, Pharmacies	p. 6
Hospital Pharmacies	p. 7
Other Pharmacy Workplaces	p. 8
Home Healthcare Systems	p. 8
Long-term Care Facilities	p. 9
Chapter Summary	p. 10
Chapter Review	p. 11
Pharmacy Law, Standards, and Ethics for Technicians	p. 15
The Need for Drug Control	p. 15
A Brief History of Statutory Pharmacy Law	p. 16
Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906	p. 16
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) of 1938	p. 17
Durham-Humphrey Amendment of 1951	p. 18
Kefaufver-Harris Amendment of 1962	p. 18
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970	p. 19
Poison Prevention Act of 1970	p. 19
Drug Listing Act of 1972	p. 20
Orphan Drug Act of 1983	p. 20
Drug Price Competition and Patent-Term Restoration Act of 1984	p. 20
Prescription Drug Marketing Act of 1987	p. 20
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 (OBRA-90)	p. 20
FDA Modernization Act	p. 21
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1994	p. 21
National Oversight Agencies	p. 22
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)	p. 22
Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA)	p. 23
National Association of the Boards of Pharmacy (NABP)	p. 23
State Boards of Pharmacy and Legal Duties of Pharmacy Personnel	p. 25
Violation of Law and Regulation	p. 29
Civil Law	p. 29
Law of Agency and Contracts	p. 29
Torts	p. 30
Codes of Ethics	p. 31
Chapter Summary	p. 33
Chapter Review	p. 34
Pharmaceutical Terminology and Abbreviations	p. 39
Greek and Latin Word Parts	p. 39
Drug Nomenclature	p. 47
Important Terminology	p. 49
The Language of Prescriptions and Medication Orders	p. 52
Chapter Summary	p. 59
Chapter Review	p. 60
Drugs, Dosage Forms, and Delivery Systems	p. 65
Pharmaceuticals	p. 65
Drug References	p. 65
National Drug Code (NDC)	p. 66
Classes of Drugs	p. 66
Sources of Drugs	p. 66
Drugs from Natural Sources	p. 67
Synthetic, Synthesized, and Semisynthetic Drugs	p. 67
Radiopharmacuticals	p. 69
Uses of Drugs	p. 69
Therapeutic Agents	p. 69
Pharmacodynamic Agents	p. 69
Diagnostic Agents	p. 70
Prophylactic Agents	p. 70
Destructive Agents	p. 70
Dosage Forms and Delivery Systems	p. 70
Solid Dosage Forms	p. 71
Capsules	p. 71
Effervescent Salts	p. 73
Implants or Pellets	p. 73
Lozenges, Troches, or Pastilles	p. 73
Pills	p. 73
Plasters	p. 73
Powders and Granules	p. 73
Suppositories	p. 74
Tablets	p. 74
Liquid Dosage Forms	p. 76
Solutions	p. 76
Dispersions	p. 78
Gas, Vapor, and Other Dosage Forms	p. 79
Delivery Systems	p. 80
Inhalation Delivery Systems	p. 80
Syringe, Injection, and Infusion Delivery Systems	p. 80
Intrauterine and Cervical Delivery Systems	p. 82
Transdermal Delivery Systems (TDS)	p. 82
Other Delivery Systems	p. 83
Chapter Summary	p. 84
Chapter Review	p. 85
Routes of Drug Administration	p. 89
Factors Influencing the Route of Administration	p. 89
Compliance	p. 89
Ease of Administration	p. 89
Site of Action	p. 90
Rate of Action	p. 90
Duration of Action	p. 90
Quantity of Drug	p. 90
Susceptibility of Metabolism by the Liver	p. 90
Toxicity	p. 90
Routes of Administration	p. 91
Oral and Peroral	p. 91
Dosage Forms	p. 91
Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 91
Sublingual and Buccal	p. 91
Dosage Forms	p. 92
Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 92
Epicutaneous (Topical) or Transdermal	p. 92
Dosage Forms	p. 92
Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 92
Ocular, Conjunctival, Nasal, and Otic	p. 92
Dosage Forms	p. 93
Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 93
Rectal	p. 93
Dosage Forms	p. 93
Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 93
Vaginal and Urethral	p. 93
Dosage Forms	p. 93
Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 93
Intrarespiratory	p. 93
Dosage Forms	p. 94
Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 94
Parenteral	p. 94
Dosage Forms	p. 94
Advantages and Disadvantages	p. 94
More on Parenteral Administration	p. 94
Characteristics of Parenteral Preparations	p. 94
Methods of Injection	p. 95
Routes of Parenteral Administration	p. 95
Intravenous	p. 95
Intradermal	p. 96
Subcutaneous	p. 96
Intramuscular	p. 96
Chapter Summary	p. 98
Chapter Review	p. 99
Basic Pharmaceutical Measurements and Calculations	p. 103
Systems of Pharmaceutical Measurement	p. 104
The Metric System	p. 104
Common Measure	p. 106
Roman Numerals	p. 106
Basic Mathematics Used in Pharmacy Practice	p. 108
Fractions	p. 108
Adding and Subtracting Fractions	p. 109
Multiplying and Dividing Fractions	p. 110
Decimals	p. 111
Converting Fractions to Decimal Equivalents	p. 112
Converting Decimals to Fractions	p. 112
Adding and Subtracting Decimals	p. 113
Multiplying Decimals	p. 113
Dividing Decimals	p. 113
Rounding Off Decimals	p. 114
Ratios and Proportions	p. 114
Percents	p. 116
Changing a Ratio to a Percent	p. 116
Changing a Percent to a Ratio	p. 117
Changing a Percent to a Decimal	p. 117
Common Calculations in the Pharmacy	p. 117
Converting Measures between the Metric and Apothecary Systems	p. 117
Calculation of Dosages	p. 120
Electrolytes	p. 122
Understanding Millimoles and Millequivalents	p. 122
Determining the Milliequivalents of Compounds	p. 123
Converting between Milligrams and Milliequivalents	p. 123
Measuring Electrolytes	p. 124
Specific Gravity	p. 124
Calculation of IV Rate and Administration	p. 125
Preparation of Solutions	p. 127
Preparing Solutions Using Powders	p. 127
Working with Dilutions	p. 128
Using Alligation to Prepare Solutions	p. 129
Business Math Used in Pharmacy Practice	p. 131
Markup	p. 132
Discount	p. 132
Average Wholesale Price (AWP) Applications	p. 133
Capitation Fee	p. 134
Inventory Management	p. 134
Chapter Summary	p. 136
Chapter Review	p. 137
Dispensing, Billing, and Inventory Management	p. 143
Community Pharmacy Operations	p. 143
Technician Duties Related to Dispensing Over-the-Counter Drugs	p. 143
Technician Duties Related to Dispensing Prescription Drugs	p. 144
Receiving and Reviewing Prescriptions	p. 144
Preparing, Checking, and Updating the Patient Profile	p. 149
Policies and Procedures for Patient Profiles	p. 150
Updating the Patient Profile	p. 150
Managing Computer Systems	p. 150
The Parts of a Computer System	p. 152
How Pharmacy Computer Systems Work	p. 153
Selecting and Preparing Medications	p. 154
Preparing Oral Dosage Forms	p. 154
Extemporaneous Compounding	p. 154
Dispensing of Prepackaged Drugs	p. 155
Choosing Containers	p. 155
Preparing Labels	p. 156
Checking the Prescription	p. 158
Billing and Third-Party Administration	p. 158
Purchasing, Receiving, and Inventory Control	p. 159
Purchasing	p. 160
Receiving	p. 160
Inventory Control	p. 161
Chapter Summary	p. 162
Chapter Review	p. 163
Extemporaneous Compounding	p. 169
The Need for Extemporaneous Compounding	p. 169
Equipment for Weighing, Measuring, and Compounding	p. 170
Balances	p. 170
Forceps and Spatulas	p. 171
Compounding Slab	p. 171
Mortar and Pestle	p. 172
Graduates and Pipettes	p. 172
Master Formula Sheet	p. 172
Technique for Weighing Pharmaceutical Ingredients	p. 173
Technique for Measuring Liquid Volumes	p. 175
Comminution and Blending of Drugs	p. 176
Geometric Dilution Method	p. 176
Some Examples of Compounding	p. 177
Preparation of Solutions	p. 177
Preparation of Suspensions	p. 177
Preparation of Ointments and Creams	p. 178
Preparation of Powders	p. 179
Preparation of Suppositories	p. 179
Preparation and Filling of Capsules	p. 179
Labeling, Record Keeping, and Cleanup	p. 180
Chapter Summary	p. 181
Chapter Review	p. 182
Human Relations and Communications	p. 185
Personal Service in the Contemporary Community Pharmacy	p. 185
Attitude and Appearance	p. 186
Appear Professional	p. 186
Respond to Customers	p. 187
Know Your Pharmacy	p. 187
Respect the Customer's Privacy	p. 188
Smile and Make Eye Contact	p. 188
Use Common Courtesies	p. 188
Be Sensitive to Cultural and Language Differences	p. 189
Follow the Policies and Procedures	p. 189
Do Not Dispense Medical or Pharmaceutical Advice	p. 189
Telephone Courtesies	p. 190
Interprofessional Relations	p. 191
Other Aspects of Professionalism	p. 191
Professional Behavior	p. 191
Verbal and Nonverbal Communication	p. 192
Harassment and Disputes	p. 192
Chapter Summary	p. 193
Chapter Review	p. 194
Hospital and Institutional Pharmacy Practice	p. 197
The Functions of the Hospital or Institutional Pharmacy	p. 197
The Formulary and Information Center	p. 198
Universal Precautions	p. 199
Disease, Sterilization, and Aseptic Technique	p. 200
The Development of the Germ Theory of Disease	p. 200
Microorganisms and Disease	p. 201
Viruses	p. 201
Bacteria	p. 201
Fungi	p. 201
Protozoa	p. 202
Asepsis and Sterilization	p. 202
Heat Sterilization	p. 202
Dry Heat Sterilization	p. 202
Mechanical Sterilization	p. 203
Gas Sterilization	p. 203
Chemical Sterilization	p. 203
Contamination	p. 203
Touch	p. 203
Air	p. 203
Water	p. 203
Aseptic Technique and Equipment	p. 203
Preparing Parenterals	p. 205
Equipment Used in Parenteral Preparation	p. 206
Syringes	p. 206
Filters	p. 206
IV Sets	p. 206
Catheters	p. 210
Pumps and Controllers	p. 211
IV Solutions	p. 212
Parenteral Preparation Guidelines	p. 213
Vials	p. 216
Ampules	p. 217
Preparing a Label for an IV Admixture	p. 218
Medication Orders and Unit Dose Distribution	p. 220
Automation in the Pharmacy	p. 226
Floor Stock	p. 227
Handling and Disposal of Hazardous Agents	p. 227
Receipt and Storage of Hazardous Agents	p. 229
Protective Clothing	p. 229
Technique for Handling Hazardous Agents	p. 229
Hazardous Agent Spills	p. 231
Procedures in Case of Exposure	p. 232
Nonparenteral Hazardous Dosage Forms	p. 232
Chapter Summary	p. 232
Chapter Review	p. 233
Your Future in Pharmacy Practice	p. 237
Increasing Your Employability	p. 237
Certification and the National Certification Examination	p. 238
Recertification	p. 238
Adjusting to the Work Environment	p. 241
The Job Search	p. 243
Clarify Your Career Goals	p. 243
Write a Good Resume	p. 243
Establish a Network	p. 244
Identify and Research Potential Employers	p. 244
Write a Strong Cover Letter	p. 244
Prepare for the Interview	p. 245
Trends in Pharmacy Practice	p. 247
New Medicines and New Drug Development Technologies	p. 248
New Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Mechanisms	p. 248
Robotics	p. 248
Higher Professional Standards	p. 249
Continued Growth in Clinical Applications	p. 249
Increased Emphasis on Home Healthcare	p. 249
Increased Technician Responsibility and Specialization	p. 249
Web Pharmacies	p. 249
Online Reference Works	p. 249
Increase in Geriatric Applications	p. 249
Chapter Summary	p. 250
Chapter Review	p. 251
Common Prescription Abbreviations	p. 255
Common Categories of Drugs	p. 257
Reference Lab Values	p. 261
Resources	p. 263
Guide to Preventing Prescription Errors	p. 273
Index	p. 275
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