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| List of Tables and Figures | |
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| List of Examples | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Initiating Ethnographic Research: Models, Methods, and Measurement | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Ethnography Is Both Inductive and Deductive | |
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| Ethnography Is Both Qualitative and Quantitative | |
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| Ethnography Operates at the Micro and Macro Level | |
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| Ethnography Examines Reported and Observed Behavior | |
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| Ethnography Involve Discovery and Representativeness | |
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| Ethnography Is Both Theory and Description | |
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| Objectivity and Subjectivity | |
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| Basic and Applied Research | |
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| Summary | |
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| Selecting a Research Site and Focus | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Researcher Personal Interest and History | |
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| Researcher Identity | |
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| Researcher Positionality | |
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| Requirements of Institutional Affiliation and Funding Sources | |
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| Perspectives, Needs, and Priorities of the Study Population | |
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| Summary | |
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| Preparing for Challenges in the Field | |
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| The Research Game Plan or Proposal | |
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| Formal Permissions and Approvals; IRBs and Other Review Bodies | |
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| Logistics: Support, Housing, and Other Needs | |
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| Sponsoring Institutions in the Research Site | |
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| Time and Timeline | |
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| Personnel: Hiring and Supervision | |
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| Preparing for the Collection, Transcription, and Management of Data | |
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| Planning for Writing Up Preliminary Results in the Field | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Ethnographer as Theorist: An Introduction to Modeling Midrange Theory | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Ethnographer as Theorist | |
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| Selecting a Paradigm | |
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| Defining Research Questions and Building a Formative or Local Theory | |
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| Summary | |
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| Constructing Formative Research Models | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Developing a Formative Model: Top Down/Bottom Up Construction | |
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| Dependent and Independent Domains | |
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| Diagramming and Modeling the Formative Research Model | |
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| A Note on Generating Hypotheses | |
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| Summary | |
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| Operationalization and Measurement | |
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| Operationalization | |
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| Using the Research Model to Frame Research Goals, Objectives, and Hypotheses | |
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| Linking Stages in Research Design with Stages in Data Collection | |
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| Summary | |
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| Mixed Methods Models, Measures, and Case Examples | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Definitions of Mixed Methods Research | |
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| When Should Qualitative and Quantitative Methods Be Used? | |
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| Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods | |
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| Relating or Sequencing of Multiple Methodologies: Models, Methods, Measures, and Case Examples | |
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| The Role of Secondary Data in Mixed Methods Ethnography | |
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| Summary | |
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| Modeling Ethnographic Intervention Approaches | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Definitions of Intervention | |
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| Ethnographic Intervention Designs | |
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| Guidelines for Modeling Interventions | |
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| Steps in Designing Interventions: A Systems Analytic Approach to Using Modeling Techniques | |
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| Linking Resources for Change to the Independent Variables: Systems Analysis as a "2 � 2 Table" | |
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| Operationalizing the Intervention Model | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |
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| About the Authors and Artists | |