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Mission Statement | |
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Introduction | |
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Ethical Standards and Practices | |
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Good and Evil | |
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Values | |
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The Foundation of Ethics | |
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Ethical Leadership | |
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Ethics for Law Enforcement Professionals | |
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Professional Integrity | |
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BOX: A Sample Code of Ethics for Law Enforcement Professionals | |
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Principles of Practice | |
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BOX: Canons of Ethics of the California Peace Officers' Association | |
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Ethical and Unethical Interviewing | |
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Review Questions | |
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Human Needs and Deception in the Interview | |
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Human Needs | |
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Universal Human Needs | |
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Self-Image and Esteem | |
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Satisfaction of Needs | |
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Refusal to Cooperate | |
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Fear of Self-Disclosure | |
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Fear of Harming Others | |
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The Interviewer's Task | |
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Responding to Anger | |
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The Interviewer's Needs | |
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Deception | |
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Warning Signs of Deception | |
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Verbal Signs | |
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Nonverbal Signs | |
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Physiological Signs | |
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Psychological Motives for Deception | |
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The Pathological Liar | |
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The Psychopathic Personality | |
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Defense Mechanisms | |
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Concluding There's Deception | |
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Review Questions | |
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Preparing for the Interview | |
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Attitude | |
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The Components of a Positive Attitude | |
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Attitude Change | |
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Flexibility | |
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Curiosity | |
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Imagination | |
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Intuition | |
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The Intuition of Interviewees | |
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Review Questions | |
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Evidence | |
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Real, Documentary, and Testimonial Evidence | |
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Voluntary Confessions | |
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The Miranda Warnings | |
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When the Miranda Warnings Are Required | |
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Legal Tactics When Seeking a Confession | |
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Evidence Collection and Preservation | |
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Report Writing | |
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Characteristics of a Well-Written Report | |
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Testimony in a Court of Law | |
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Review Questions | |
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Public and Private Interviewing | |
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BOX: Part I and Part II Offenses of the Uniform Crime Report | |
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Investigations in the Public and Private Spheres | |
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The Collection of Evidence | |
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Testimonial Evidence | |
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BOX: Report on Scott County Investigations | |
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Review Questions | |
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Rapport and Active Listening | |
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Building Rapport | |
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Active Listening | |
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Attentiveness and Concentration | |
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Acceptance | |
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Detachment | |
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Patience | |
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Signaling Active Listening | |
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Body Language | |
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Body Posture and Movement | |
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Gestures, Facial Expression, and Tone of Voice | |
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Eye Contact | |
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Touch | |
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Positive Silence | |
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Review Questions | |
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Authority and Neutrality in the Investigative Interview | |
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Authority and Power | |
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The Misuse of Authority | |
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The Positive Application of Authority | |
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BOX: The Value of Restrained Authority | |
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Neutrality | |
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BOX: The Value of Keeping an Open Mind | |
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Signaling Your Neutrality | |
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Making an Accusation | |
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Review Questions | |
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The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy | |
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The Four Elements of the Self-Fulfilling Prophecy | |
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Climate | |
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Feedback | |
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Input | |
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Output | |
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Applying the Self-Fulfilling Prophecy | |
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Presenting Expectations Subtly | |
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Applying the Galatea Effect | |
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Review Questions | |
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Overview of the Interview Process | |
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The Historical Phase | |
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The Personal Preparation Phase | |
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The Initial Phase | |
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Precontact | |
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The Floating-Point Strategy | |
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The Preliminary Inquiry | |
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Strategic Planning | |
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Evaluating Potential Interviewees | |
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Creating an Interview Strategy | |
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Preparing Psychologically for the Interview | |
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Contact | |
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Box: The Hidden Persuaders | |
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First Impressions | |
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The Interviewee's Evaluation Process | |
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Elements of Contact | |
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Contact at the Crime Scene | |
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The Primary Phase | |
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"Bones" | |
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The Narration Question | |
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The "You" Question | |
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The "Who" Question | |
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The "Suspicion" Question | |
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The "Trust" Question | |
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The "Verification" Question | |
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The "Approach" Question | |
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The "Thoughts" Question | |
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The "Instruction" Question | |
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The "Willingness" Question | |
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The "Consequences" Questions | |
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The "Kind to Do It" Question | |
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The "Why It Happened" Question | |
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The "They Say You Did It" Question | |
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The "They Say They Saw You" Question | |
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The "What Would You Say" Question | |
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The "Expanding Inquiry" Question | |
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The Terminal Phase | |
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The Follow-Up Phase | |
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Review Questions | |
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Setting, Location, Intensity, and Approach in the Interview | |
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Environmental Setting | |
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Location of Participants | |
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Personal Space | |
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Conversation, Moderate, and Intimate Locations | |
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The Conversation Location | |
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The Moderate Location | |
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The Intimate Locations | |
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Review and Encouragement Intensities | |
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Review | |
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Encouragement | |
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Intensity Levels | |
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Approaches | |
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The Structured Approach | |
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The Semistructured Approach | |
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The Nonstructured Approach | |
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Putting It All Together | |
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Review Questions | |
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Questions and Questioning | |
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Question Formulation | |
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Question Presentation | |
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Types of Questions | |
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Closed Questions | |
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Open Questions | |
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Reflective Questions | |
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Directive Questions | |
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Pointed Questions | |
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Indirect Questions | |
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Self-Appraisal Questions | |
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Diversion Questions | |
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Leading Questions | |
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Techniques for Effective Questioning | |
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Having the Gall to Ask | |
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Encouraging Cooperation | |
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Mentally Assuming an Affirmative Answer | |
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Persuing Unanswered Questions | |
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Identifying and Challenging Deception | |
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Handling Trial Balloons | |
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Terminating the Interview | |
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Review Questions | |
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Three Case Studies | |
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The Case of the Impatient Guardian | |
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The Initial Phase: Precontact | |
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The Initial Phase: Strategic Planning | |
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Evaluating Potential Interviewees | |
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Creating an Interview Strategy | |
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Preparing Psychologically for the Interview | |
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The Initial Phase: Contact | |
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Introduction and Greeting | |
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Seating | |
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Announcing My Objective | |
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Setting the Tone | |
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Using the Structured Approach | |
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The Primary Phase--Day 1 | |
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Violet (10:31 A.M.-10:50 A.M.) | |
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Sherrie (10:59 A.M.-11:36 A.M.) | |
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Bill (11:44 A.M.-1:01 P.M.) | |
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The Primary Phase--Day 2 | |
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Al (8:29 A.M.-9:05 A.M.) | |
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Jan (9:14 A.M.-10:19 A.M.) | |
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Sam (10:31 A.M.-11:24 A.M.) | |
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Gary (12:27 P.M.-1:19 P.M.) | |
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Pete (2:13 P.M.-3:24 P.M.) | |
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The Terminal Phase | |
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The Follow-Up Phase | |
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Review Questions | |
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The Case of the False Allegation | |
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Background | |
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The Gentle Interrogation | |
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Review Questions | |
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The Case of the Evasive Embezzler | |
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Background | |
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The Interrogation | |
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Review Questions | |
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Conclusion | |
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Bibliography | |
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Index | |