Environmental Xenobiotics

Name: Environmental Xenobiotics
Price: 47.19 USD
Availability: InStock
ISBN: 9780748403998

ISBN-10: 074840399X

ISBN-13: 9780748403998

Edition: 1996

Authors: Mervyn Richardson

List price: $229.95

30 day, 100% satisfaction guarantee!

Marketplace

1 new & used from $47.19

what's this?

Rush Rewards U
Members Receive:

You have reached 400 XP and carrot coins. That is the daily max!

Description:

The effects of man-made substances (xenobiotics) on the natural environment are described in this volume. It explains why these effects need to be understood, monitored and curtailed, especially in developing countries.

Book details

List price: $229.95
Copyright year: 1996
Publisher: C R C Press LLC
Binding: Paper over Boards
Pages: 480
Size: 6.50" wide x 9.75" long x 1.50" tall
Weight: 1.980
Language: English



Preface



List of contributors


Abbreviations and acronyms


Acknowledgements


Definitions



Prolog



Prolog




Introduction



Chemical analysis



Training



Mal-use of chemicals



A way forward



References



Introductory Chapters



Factors Altering the Severity of Adverse Effects Induced in Animals and People by Environmental Xenobiotics




Introduction



Definitions of interactions



Mechanistic basis for interactions



Effects of exposure scenario



Conclusions



Acknowledgements



References



Xenobiotic Mechanisms of Pesticides and Fertilizers in Soil--A Review




Introduction



Fate of pesticides in soil



Biochemical pathways for pesticide degradation



Effects of pesticides on non-target soil organisms and soil biological processes



Fertilizers and heavy metals



Conclusions



References



Environmental Xenobiotics: Pesticides




Introduction



Regulations in the use of pesticides



Xenobiotic transformation



What is not known about pesticide residues



What is required to be known



Pesticides residues in food ... Is There a real problem?



Monitoring programs



Mode of action: herbicides



Advantages and disadvantages in natural xenobiotic pesticides



Conclusions



References



Xenobiotics in the Third World Agricultural Environment




Introduction



Xenobiotics in abiotic agroenvironment



Xenobiotics in biotic agroenvironment



Toxicology of major xenobiotics



Agroxenobiotics and regulation



Alternatives to agrochemicals



Conclusions



References



Environmental Transformation in Bioenergy Production Using Anaerobic Digestion




Introduction



Benefits of biogas



Principles of anaerobic bioconversion



Sources of waste materials for bioconversion



Anaerobic digestion



Environmental factors affecting anaerobic operation



Safety and utilization of biogas



Costs of bioenergy



Conclusions



Acknowledgements



References



Biomonitoring



Integrative Approach to Aquatic Environment Biomonitoring




Introduction



Transport, bioavailability and uptake



Biochemical and molecular markers in biomonitoring



Criteria for selection of biomarkers of environmental pollution



Integrative approach in monitoring



References



Cytochrome P-450 in Pollution Monitoring. Use of Cytochrome P-450 1A (CYP1A) as a Biomarker of Organic Pollution in Aquatic and other Organisms




Introduction



General features and use of biomarkers



Induction of cytochrome P-450 1A (CYP1A) in animals as a specific biomarker of organic pollution



CYP1A-Catalyzed metabolisms and links with higher order deleterious effects



Concluding remarks



Acknowledgements



References



Immunoassays for Rapid, Inexpensive Monitoring of Agricultural Chemicals




Introduction



Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs)



Case studies



Potential applications; limitations



References



The Role of Algae in Ecotoxicological Tests




Introduction



Test algae



Test methodologies



Test endpoints



Vulnerability of algae to toxic contaminants



Conclusions and future of algal ecotoxicological tests



References



Use of Micro-Scale Aquatic Toxicity Tests in Ecolabelling Guidelines for General Purpose Cleaners




Introduction



Materials and methods



Results and discussion



Conclusions



Acknowledgments



References



Radiation Sources and Experimental Conditions for Testing the Photodegradability of Xenobiotics in Surface Waters: Actual Status and New Developments




Introduction



Experimental



Results



Conclusions



Acknowledgements



References



Biodegradability



Biological Degradability Testing




Introduction



Methods of biodegradability assays



Biodegradability limits



Acknowledgements



References



Chlorinated Acetanilides: Biodegradation and Toxicity in Gram-Negative Cells




Introduction



Application and chemical properties of acetanilides and related derivatives



Metabolism and biodegradation of chlorinated acetanilides



Toxicity of chlorinated acetanilides and related derivatives



Conclusions



Acknowledgements



References



Novel Environmental Concepts



Organic Explosives as Dangerous Environmental Xenobiotics--QSAR Studies




Introduction



Elements of structure-property analysis



Methods and examples



Results and discussion



Concluding remarks



References



Environmental Dynamics and Ecotoxicology of Human and Veterinary Drugs




Introduction



Pharmaceutical agents and their effects on ecosystems



Persistence and fate



Antibiotic manufacture



Effects and usage



Regulatory aspects



References



Carcinogenic Xenobiotics in Ecosystems and Human Health




Introduction



Carcinogens in the phytosphere



Influence of carcinogens on plants



How carcinogens influence the natural ecosystems



Carcinogens in aquatic ecosystems



Implications of carcinogenic contamination of biosensors for human health



Conclusions



References



Environmental Aspects of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Originating Mainly From Coal-Fired Combustion Systems and Their Monitoring Requirements




Introduction



Sources of PAH and their occurrence in the environment



Combustion system monitoring with respect to PAHs



Results



References



Distribution of Mercury, Lead and Cadmium in Zagreb City Soil




Introduction



Some notes on anthropogenic pollution sources of mercury, lead and cadmium



Sampling in Zagreb city



Results, geochemical maps



Discussion



Conclusion



Acknowledgements



References



Remains of World War 1 Geochemical Pollution in the Landscape




Introduction



Background



Materials and methods



Results and discussion



Conclusions



Acknowledgements



References



Management and Regulatory Aspects



Management of Environmental Xenobiotics




Introduction



Environmental toxicology



Environmental risk assessment of new and existing substances



Integrated pollution control (IPC)



Conclusions



References



Environmental Regulatory Control of Biocides, Pesticides, and Human and Veterinary Medicines




Introduction



Control of agricultural pesticides in the European Union



Control of biocides in the European Union



The US Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act



Environmental risk assessment of human and veterinary pharmaceutical products in the EU



Environmental assessment of pharmaceutical products in the USA



Conclusions



References



Epilog



Epilog




Rationale



Mechanisms of interactions



Mixtures



Transformation



Monitoring



Novel concepts



Regulatory aspects



Some environmental problems



Conclusion



References


Index