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| Preface | |
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| Introduction: The Itch to Civilize | |
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| Civilizations and Civilization | |
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| The Civilizing Ingredient | |
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| The Glutinous Environment | |
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| The Mask and Apollo: Recent Definitions and Approaches | |
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| Reaching Between Civilizations--and Reaching for the Unity of Civilization | |
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| Process and Progress | |
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| The Checklist of Civilization | |
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| Back to Nature: Array by Environment | |
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| Two Cheers for Civilization | |
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| The Waste Land: Desert, Tundra, Ice | |
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| The Helm of Ice: Ice Worlds and Tundra as Human Habitats | |
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| The Ice Age in Europe--Northern Scandinavia--Asiatic Tundra--Arctic America--Greenland | |
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| Beyond the Gates of Gog: The Savage North | |
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| Followers of the Ice | |
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| The Tamers of Reindeer | |
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| Companions of the Seal Bladders: Deference to Nature in Arctic America | |
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| Better Than Civilization: The Inuit in Competition with Europeans | |
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| The Death of Earth: Adaptation and Counteradaptation in Deserts of Sand | |
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| The North American Southwest--Northern Peru--the Sahara--the Gobi--the Kalahari | |
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| Learning from Hohokam: How to Build Civilization in the Desert | |
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| The Lakes of Worms: The Limits of Civilization in the Sahara | |
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| Lands of Unrest: Desert Highways Between Civilizations | |
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| Spirits of the Slippery Hills: Bushmen and Civilization | |
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| Leaves of Grass: Barely Cultivable Grasslands | |
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| The Sweepings of the Wind: Prairie and Grassy Savanna | |
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| The Great Plains--the African Savanna--the Sahel | |
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| The Intractable Grasslands | |
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| The Architects of the Savanna | |
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| Imperialists of the Sahel | |
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| The Highway of Civilizations: The Eurasian Steppe | |
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| The Wastes of Gog | |
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| A Confucian Contemplates the Wild | |
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| The Making of Mongol Imperialism | |
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| The Mongol Roads: Causeways of Civilization | |
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| Under the Rain: Civilization in Tropical Lowlands and Postglacial Forests | |
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| The Wild Woods: Postglacial and Temperate Woodland | |
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| Cases of Deforestation--the American Bottom--North American Temperate Forests--Europe | |
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| The Fear of Trees: Learning to Clear the Forests | |
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| The Great Wet: Early Civilizations of the North American Woodlands | |
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| The Longhouse of Elm: Civilization by the Evergreen Frontier | |
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| Riding the Lumber Raft: Europe After the Forest | |
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| The Retreat of the Trees: From Forests to Cities in Twelfth-Century Europe | |
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| Hearts of Darkness: Tropical Lowlands | |
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| Frederik Hendrik Island--the Olmec Heartland--Low Amazonia--the Lowland Maya Lands--the Valleys of the Khmer--Benin City | |
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| The Habitable Hell: Cultivating the Swamp | |
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| Amazon Lands: The Challenge of the Rain Forest | |
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| The Tongue in the Stones: The Lowland Maya | |
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| The Beloved of the Snake: Khmer Civilization on the Mekong | |
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| The City of Death: Benin | |
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| The Shining Fields of Mud: Alluvial Soils in Drying Climates | |
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| The Lone and Level Sands: Misleading Cases in the Near East | |
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| The Carsamba floodplain--the Jordan Valley--Sumer and Egypt | |
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| The Yielding Soil: Early Intensifiers of Agriculture | |
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| The Garden of the Lord: Alluvial Archetypes | |
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| Back from Diffusion: The Great River Valleys | |
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| From Sumer to Babylon | |
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| Out of the Underworld: The "Gift of the Nile" | |
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| Of Shoes and Rice: Transcending Environments of Origin in China and India | |
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| The Indus, Yellow, and Yangtze Rivers | |
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| Seals in the Sand: Lost Cities of the Indus and the Origins of India | |
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| Millet and Rice, River and River: The Making of China | |
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| The Checklist of Shang Civilization | |
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| The Phoenix of the East: The Survival of China | |
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| Expansion Without Mutation: The Chinese Grossraum | |
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| The Mirrors of Sky: Civilizing Highlands | |
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| The Gardens of the Clouds: The Highland Civilizations of the New World | |
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| Mesoamerica and the Andes | |
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| Altitude and Isolation: Classifying Highland Civilizations | |
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| Ascent to Tiahuanaco: Predecessors of the Inca | |
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| Places for the Gods: The Context of the Aztecs | |
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| Contrasting Worlds: The Aztecs and Inca Juxtaposed | |
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| The Vengeance of the Tribute-Bearers: Environment and Empire | |
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| The Climb to Paradise: The Highland Civilizations of the Old World | |
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| New Guinea--Zimbabwe--Ethiopia--Iran--Tibet | |
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| The Last El Dorado | |
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| The African Predicament | |
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| The Mountains of Rasselas: Civilization in Ethiopia | |
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| High Roads of Civilization: Overlooking Asian Trade Routes | |
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| Looking Down from Tibet | |
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| The Water Margins: Civilizations Shaped by the Sea | |
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| The Allotments of the Gods: Small-Island Civilizations | |
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| The "South Seas"--Hawaii and Easter Island--the Aleutians--the Maldives--Malta--Minoan Crete--Venice | |
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| The Tangle of Isles: Polynesian Navigation | |
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| Surviving Isolation: Hawaii and Easter Island | |
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| The Wind's Nest: The Islands of the Aleut | |
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| Ports of Call: From the Maldives to Malta | |
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| The Wreck of Paradise: Minoan Crete | |
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| The Creature of the Lagoon: Venice as a Small-Island Civilization | |
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| The View from the Shore: The Nature of Seaboard Civilizations | |
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| The Oran laut--Phoenicia and Scandinavia--the Maritime Netherlands | |
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| The Sea People: Adapting to the Waves | |
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| The Narrow Shores: Phoenicia and Scandinavia | |
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| The Atlantic Edge | |
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| The Frustrations of Rimland: The Early Phase | |
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| "An Equilibrium of Mud and Water": Coaxing Civilization from the Shoals | |
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| Beyond the Beach: Identifying Seaboard Civilizations | |
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| Chasing the Monsoon: Seaboard Civilizations of Maritime Asia | |
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| Japan--Maritime Arabia--Southeast Asia--Coromandel and Gujarat--Fukien | |
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| Riders of the Typhoon: Maritime Japan | |
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| Caravans of the Monsoon: The Arabs and Their Seas | |
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| The Ring of the Snake: The Seas of Southeast Asia | |
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| The Seas of Milk and Butter: Maritime India | |
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| China's Frontier to the Sea: Fukien | |
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| The Tradition of Ulysses: The Greek and Roman Seaboards | |
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| Boeotia--the Greeks Overseas--Athens--the Aegean and Ionian Seas--Rome--the Roman Empire--the Renaissances and Their Settings | |
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| The Plow and the Prow: A Conversation with Hesiod | |
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| The Pursuit of Galatea: Greece Takes to the Sea | |
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| The Claim of Poseidon: Athens and the Sea | |
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| A Hellenic Cruise: Five Wonders of Antiquity | |
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| Around the Middle Sea: Ancient Rome as a Seaboard Civilization | |
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| The Reach of the Classics: The Global Spread of the Greek and Roman Legacies | |
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| Breaking the Waves: The Domestication of the Oceans | |
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| Almost the Last Environment: The Rise of Oceanic Civilizations | |
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| From the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic--from the Atlantic to the Indian Ocean | |
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| The Muslim Lake | |
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| The Precocity of the Indian Ocean | |
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| From the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic: The Shadow of Vasco da Gama | |
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| The Round Trip of Vasco da Gama | |
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| Refloating Atlantis: The Making of Atlantic Civilization | |
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| Cultural Transmission from Europe to America and Back | |
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| The Origins of the European Atlantic | |
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| The Technological Strand | |
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| The Power of Culture | |
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| The Tyranny of the Timing | |
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| Atlantic Civilization in Black and White: The Imperial Phase | |
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| The World the Slaves Made | |
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| The Atlantic and After: Atlantic Supremacy and the Global Outlook | |
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| From the Atlantic to the Pacific--from the Pacific to the World | |
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| Crises and Renewals of Atlantic Civilization | |
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| The Limits and Limitations of Western Civilization | |
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| Next Stop after the Atlantic | |
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| The Revenge of Nature | |
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| The Self-Threatened Menace | |
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| The Last Ocean | |
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| Epilogue: In Derek Jarman's Garden | |
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| Notes | |
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| Index | |