| |
| |
Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
| |
Poverty as a Social Problem | |
| |
| |
The Problem of Poverty | |
| |
| |
The Individualistic Perspective and the Structural Perspective | |
| |
| |
Organization of the Book | |
| |
| |
Appendix | |
| |
| |
| |
Individualistic Theories of Poverty and Inequality | |
| |
| |
| |
The Biogenetic Theory of Poverty and Inequality | |
| |
| |
Our Fate Is in Our Genes | |
| |
| |
Genes, IQ, and Intelligence | |
| |
| |
Is It Better to Be Born Smart or Born Rich? | |
| |
| |
Genes, IQ, and Poverty | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
The Cultural Theory of Poverty and Inequality | |
| |
| |
Poverty as Deviance | |
| |
| |
The Origins and Development of the Cultural Theory | |
| |
| |
The Culture of the Poor | |
| |
| |
The Sources of the Cultural Deviance of the Poor | |
| |
| |
The Cultural Solution to the Problem of Poverty | |
| |
| |
Is the Cultural Theory Plausible? | |
| |
| |
How Well Does the Cultural Theory Know the Poor? | |
| |
| |
Do the Poor Differ from the Nonpoor, and If So How and Why? | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
The Human Capital Theory of Poverty and Inequality | |
| |
| |
Education Is the Key to Success | |
| |
| |
Acquiring Human Capital | |
| |
| |
Converting Human Capital | |
| |
| |
What You Know or Who You Are? | |
| |
| |
What You Know or Who You Know? | |
| |
| |
What You Know or Where You Work? | |
| |
| |
Skills Deficit or Jobs Deficit? | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
A Structural Perspective on Poverty-Four Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
The Economic System and Poverty | |
| |
| |
The Economics of Poverty | |
| |
| |
Poverty and Economic Growth | |
| |
| |
Skill-Biased Technological Change | |
| |
| |
A Shift in the Balance of Economic Power | |
| |
| |
Deindustrialization | |
| |
| |
Globalization | |
| |
| |
Corporate Restructuring | |
| |
| |
A Shortage of Jobs | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
The Political System and Poverty | |
| |
| |
The Politics of Poverty | |
| |
| |
We're Number One: The United States in Comparative Perspective | |
| |
| |
The Structure of the American Political System | |
| |
| |
The Political Mobilization of Business | |
| |
| |
The Political Marginalization of the Working Class and the Poor | |
| |
| |
The Synergy of Money and Power | |
| |
| |
Policy Consequences of the Power Shift: Robin Hood in Reverse | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
The Cultural System and Poverty | |
| |
| |
Hearts and Minds | |
| |
| |
The American Dream and the Ideology of Individualism | |
| |
| |
Beliefs about Poverty and the Poor | |
| |
| |
Strong Individualism, Weak Structuralism | |
| |
| |
The News Media | |
| |
| |
The Right-Wing Ideology Machine | |
| |
| |
The Rightward Turn in Poverty Discourse | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
The Social System and Poverty | |
| |
| |
We Are Not Alone | |
| |
| |
Group Memberships | |
| |
| |
Neighborhood Effects | |
| |
| |
Social Networks and Social Capital | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
A Structural Perspective on Poverty-Ten Obstacles | |
| |
| |
| |
Structural Obstacles and the Persistence of Poverty (I) | |
| |
| |
Racial and Ethnic Discrimination | |
| |
| |
Residential Segregation | |
| |
| |
Housing | |
| |
| |
Education | |
| |
| |
Transportation | |
| |
| |
| |
Structural Obstacles and the Persistence of Poverty (II) | |
| |
| |
Sex Discrimination | |
| |
| |
Child Care | |
| |
| |
Health and Health Care | |
| |
| |
Retirement Insecurity | |
| |
| |
Legal Deprivation | |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
Conclusion | |
| |
| |
Poverty and Power | |
| |
| |
Programs and Power | |
| |
| |
Movements and Power | |
| |
| |
Selected Bibliography | |
| |
| |
Index | |
| |
| |
About the Author | |