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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Basic Concepts | |
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| Introduction to Medical Imaging | |
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| The Modalities | |
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| Image Properties | |
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| Radiation and the Atom | |
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| Radiation | |
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| Structure of the Atom | |
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| Interaction of Radiation with Matter | |
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| Particle Interactions | |
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| X- and Gamma Ray Interactions | |
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| Attenuation of X- and Gamma Rays | |
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| Absorption of Energy from X- and Gamma Rays | |
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| Imparted Energy, Equivalent Dose, and Effective Dose | |
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| Computers in Medical Imaging | |
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| Storage and Transfer of Data in Computers | |
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| Analog Data and Conversion between Analog and Digital Forms | |
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| Components and Operation of Computers | |
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| Performance of Computer Systems | |
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| Computer Software | |
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| Storage, Processing, and Display of Digital Images | |
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| Diagnostic Radiology | |
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| X-ray Production, X-ray Tubes, and Generators | |
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| Production of X-rays | |
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| X-ray Tubes | |
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| X-ray Tube Insert, Tube Housing, Filtration, and Collimation | |
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| X-ray Generator Function and Components | |
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| X-ray Generator Circuit Designs | |
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| Timing the X-ray Exposure in Radiography | |
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| Factors Affecting X-ray Emission | |
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| Power Ratings and Heat Loading | |
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| X-ray Exposure Rating Charts | |
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| Screen-Film Radiography | |
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| Projection Radiography | |
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| Basic Geometric Principles | |
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| The Screen-Film Cassette | |
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| Characteristics of Screens | |
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| Characteristics of Film | |
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| The Screen-Film System | |
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| Contrast and Dose in Radiography | |
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| Scattered Radiation in Projection Radiography | |
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| Film Processing | |
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| Film Exposure | |
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| The Film Processor | |
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| Processor Artifacts | |
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| Other Considerations | |
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| Laser Cameras | |
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| Dry Processing | |
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| Processor Quality Assurance | |
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| Mammography | |
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| X-ray Tube Design | |
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| X-ray Generator and Phototimer System | |
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| Compression, Scattered Radiation, and Magnification | |
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| Screen-Film Cassettes and Film Processing | |
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| Ancillary Procedures | |
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| Radiation Dosimetry | |
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| Regulatory Requirements | |
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| Fluoroscopy | |
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| Functionality | |
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| Fluoroscopic Imaging Chain Components | |
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| Peripheral Equipment | |
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| Fluoroscopy Modes of Operation | |
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| Automatic Brightness Control (ABC) | |
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| Image Quality | |
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| Fluoroscopy Suites | |
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| Radiation Dose | |
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| Image Quality | |
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| Contrast | |
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| Spatial Resolution | |
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| Noise | |
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| Detective Quantum Efficiency (DQE) | |
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| Sampling and Aliasing in Digital Images | |
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| Contrast-Detail Curves | |
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| Receiver Operating Characteristics Curves | |
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| Digital Radiography | |
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| Computed Radiography | |
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| Charged-Coupled Devices (CCDs) | |
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| Flat Panel Detectors | |
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| Digital Mammography | |
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| Digital versus Analog Processes | |
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| Implementation | |
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| Patient Dose Considerations | |
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| Hard Copy versus Soft Copy Display | |
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| Digital Image Processing | |
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| Contrast versus Spatial Resolution in Digital Imaging | |
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| Adjuncts to Radiology | |
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| Geometric Tomography | |
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| Digital Tomosynthesis | |
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| Temporal Subtraction | |
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| Dual-Energy Subtraction | |
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| Computed Tomography | |
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| Basic Principles | |
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| Geometry and Historical Development | |
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| Detectors and Detector Arrays | |
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| Details of Acquisition | |
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| Tomographic Reconstruction | |
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| Digital Image Display | |
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| Radiation Dose | |
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| Image Quality | |
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| Artifacts | |
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| Nuclear Magnetic Resonance | |
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| Magnetization Properties | |
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| Generation and Detection of the Magnetic Resonance Signal | |
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| Pulse Sequences | |
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| Spin Echo | |
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| Inversion Recovery | |
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| Gradient Recalled Echo | |
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| Signal from Flow | |
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| Perfusion and Diffusion Contrast | |
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| Magnetization Transfer Contrast | |
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | |
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| Localization of the MR Signal | |
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| k-space Data Acquisition and Image Reconstruction | |
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| Three-Dimensional Fourier Transform Image Acquisition | |
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| Image Characteristics | |
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| Angiography and Magnetization Transfer Contrast | |
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| Artifacts | |
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| Instrumentation | |
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| Safety and Bioeffects | |
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| Ultrasound | |
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| Characteristics of Sound | |
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| Interactions of Ultrasound with Matter | |
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| Transducers | |
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| Beam Properties | |
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| Image Data Acquisition | |
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| Two-Dimensional Image Display and Storage | |
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| Miscellaneous Issues | |
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| Image Quality and Artifacts | |
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| Doppler Ultrasound | |
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| System Performance and Quality Assurance | |
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| Acoustic Power and Bioeffects | |
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| Computer Networks, PACS, and Teleradiology | |
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| Computer Networks | |
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| PACS and Teleradiology | |
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| Nuclear Medicine | |
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| Radioactivity and Nuclear Transformation | |
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| Radionuclide Decay Terms and Relationships | |
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| Nuclear Transformation | |
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| Radionuclide Production and Radiopharmaceuticals | |
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| Radionuclide Production | |
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| Radiopharmaceuticals | |
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| Regulatory Issues | |
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| Radiation Detection and Measurement | |
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| Types of Detectors | |
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| Gas-Filled Detectors | |
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| Scintillation Detectors | |
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| Semiconductor Detectors | |
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| Pulse Height Spectroscopy | |
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| Non-Imaging Detector Applications | |
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| Counting Statistics | |
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| Nuclear Imaging--The Scintillation Camera | |
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| Planar Nuclear Imaging: The Anger Scintillation Camera | |
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| Computers in Nuclear Imaging | |
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| Nuclear Imaging--Emission Tomography | |
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| Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) | |
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| Positron Emission Tomography (PET) | |
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| Radiation Protection, Dosimetry, and Biology | |
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| Radiation Protection | |
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| Sources of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation | |
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| Personnel Dosimetry | |
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| Radiation Detection Equipment in Radiation Safety | |
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| Radiation Protection and Exposure Control | |
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| Regulatory Agencies and Radiation Exposure Limits | |
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| Radiation Dosimetry of the Patient | |
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| X-ray Dosimetry | |
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| Radiopharmaceutical Dosimetry: The MIRD Method | |
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| Radiation Biology | |
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| Interaction of Radiation with Tissue | |
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| Cellular Radiobiology | |
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| Response of Organ Systems to Radiation | |
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| Acute Radiation Syndrome | |
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| Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis | |
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| Hereditary Effects of Radiation Exposure | |
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| Radiation Effects In Utero | |
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| Appendices | |
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| Fundamental Principles of Physics | |
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| Physical Laws, Quantities, and Units | |
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| Classical Physics | |
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| Electricity and Magnetism | |
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| Physical Constants, Prefixes, Geometry, Conversion Factors, and Radiologic Data | |
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| Physical Constants, Prefixes, and Geometry | |
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| Conversion Factors | |
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| Radiological Data for Elements 1 through 100 | |
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| Mass Attenuation Coefficients and Spectra Data Tables | |
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| Mass Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Elements | |
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| Mass Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Compounds | |
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| Mass Energy Attenuation Coefficients for Selected Detector Compounds | |
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| Mammography Spectra: Mo/Mo | |
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| Mammography Spectra: Mo/Rh | |
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| Mammography Spectra: Rh/Rh | |
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| General Diagnostic Spectra: W/Al | |
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| Radiopharmaceutical Characteristics and Dosimetry | |
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| Route of administration, localization, clinical utility, and other characteristics of commonly used radiopharmaceuticals | |
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| Typical administered adult activity, highest organ dose, gonadal dose, and adult effective dose for commonly used radiopharmaceuticals | |
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| Effective doses per unit activity administered to patients age 15, 10, 5, and 1 year for commonly used diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals | |
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| Absorbed dose estimates to the embryo/fetus per unit activity administered to the mother for commonly used radiopharmaceuticals | |
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| Internet Resources | |
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| Subject Index | |