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| Introduction | |
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| Geophysical Map of the Muslim World | |
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| Muslim Languages and Ethnic Groups | |
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| Late Antiquity Before Islam | |
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| Muhammad's Mission and Campaigns | |
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| Expansion of Islam to 750 | |
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| Expansion 751-1700 | |
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| Sunnis, Shia, and Khariji 660-c. 1000 | |
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| Abbasid Caliphate under Harun al-Rashid | |
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| Spread of Islam, Islamic Law, and Arabic Language | |
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| Successor States to 1100 | |
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| The Saljuq Era | |
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| Military Recruitment 900-1800 | |
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| Fatimid Empire 909-1171 | |
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| Trade Routes c. 700-1500 | |
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| Crusader Kingdoms | |
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| Sufi Orders 1100-1900 | |
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| Ayyubids and Mamluks | |
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| The Mongol Invasion | |
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| Maghreb and Spain 650-1485 | |
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| Subsaharan Africa--East | |
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| Subsaharan Africa--West | |
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| Jihad States | |
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| The Indian Ocean to 1499 | |
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| The Indian Ocean 1500-1900 | |
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| Rise of the Ottomans to 1650 | |
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| The Ottoman Empire 1650-1920 | |
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| Iran 1500-2000 | |
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| Central Asia to 1700 | |
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| India 711-1971 | |
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| Russian Expansion in Transcaucasia and Central Asia | |
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| Expansion of Islam in Southeast Asia 1000-1800 | |
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| British, French, Dutch, and Russian Empires | |
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| Nineteenth-Century Reform Movements | |
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| Modernization of Turkey | |
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| The Muslim World under Colonial Domination c. 1920 | |
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| Balkans, Cyprus, and Crete 1500-2000 | |
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| Muslim Minorities in China | |
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| The Levant 1500-2002 | |
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| Prominent Travelers | |
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| Britain in Egypt and Sudan in the 19th Century | |
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| France in North and West Africa | |
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| Growth of the Hajj and Other Places of Pilgrimage | |
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| Expanding Cities | |
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| Impact of Oil in the 20th Century | |
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| Water Resources | |
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| The Arms Trade | |
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| Flashpoint Southeast Asia 1950-2000 | |
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| Flashpoint Iraq 1917-2003 | |
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| Afghanistan 1840-2002 | |
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| Arabia and the Gulf 1839-1950 | |
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| Rise of the Saudi State | |
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| Flashpoint Israel-Palestine | |
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| Flashpoint Gulf 1950-2003 | |
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| Muslims in Western Europe | |
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| Muslims in North America | |
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| Mosques and Places of Worship in North America | |
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| Islamic Arts | |
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| Major Islamic Architectural Sites | |
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| World Distribution of Muslims 2000 | |
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| World Terrorism 2003 | |
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| Muslim Cinema | |
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| Internet Use | |
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| Democracy, Censorship, Human Rights, and Civil Society | |
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| Modern Movements, Organizations, and Influences | |
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| Chronology | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Acknowledgments and Map List | |
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| Index | |